IMO

Sales number: IA811E

ia811e_cover_A5.indd 1

This electronic edition is licensed to

Master Marine
for 1 copy.
International Maritime Organization

INTERNATIONAL
MARITIME
ORGANIZATION

18/11/2008 10:01:48

Code for the Construction

and Equipment of
Mobile Offshore
Drilling Units
Consolidated Edition, 2001
ELECTRONIC EDITION

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION

London, 2001
Licensed to Master Marine for 1 copy. IMO

Print edition
First
(ISBN
published
978-92-801-5109-1)
in 1980
by the INTERNATIONAL
Published
MARITIME
in 2001 ORGANIZATION
by the INTERNATIONAL
4 Albert Embankment,
MARITIME
London ORGANIZATION
SE1 7SR
4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR
Second edition 2001
Electronic edition, 2007
Printed by the International Maritime Organization, London
2

10

ISBN 978-92-801-5109-1

IMO PUBLICATION
Sales number: EA811E

IMO PUBLICATION
Sales number: IA811E

Copyright # IMO 2001

Copyright # IMO 2001

All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
or by any means without prior permission in writing
from the International Maritime Organization.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
or by any means without prior permission in writing
from the International Maritime Organization.

Licensed to Master Marine for 1 copy. IMO

Foreword
The Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore
Drilling Units, 1989 (1989 MODU Code) was adopted by Assembly
resolution A.649(16) for mobile offshore drilling units, the keels of which
are laid or are at a similar stage of construction on or after 1 May 1991. The
1989 MODU Code supersedes the 1979 MODU Code adopted by
Assembly resolution A.414(XI).
The Maritime Safety Committee, at its fifty-ninth session (13 to 24 May
1991), adopted amendments to the 1989 MODU Code (originally
circulated in MSC/Circ.561) and decided that, to maintain compatibility
with SOLAS, the amendments should become effective on 1 February
1992. New section 10.13, Radio life-saving appliances, and new chapter 11,
Radiocommunication installations, introduced by the amendments apply to
all MODUs the keels of which are laid or are at a similar stage of
construction on or after 1 May 1991, in the same way as the 1988
(GMDSS) amendments to SOLAS apply to ships. The Committee also
recommended that Member Governments encourage the fitting of all
MODUs with the GMDSS equipment specified in the amendments to the
1989 Code, and ensure that all MODUs comply with section 10.13 of the
amendments to the 1989 Code not later than 1 February 1995, and with
chapter 11 of the amendments not later than 1 February 1999.
The Maritime Safety Committee, at its sixty-third session (16 to 25 May
1994), adopted further amendments to the 1989 MODU Code (resolution
MSC.38(63)) to introduce the harmonized system of survey and certification (HSSC) into the Code (amendments to chapter 1 and the appendix);
provide guidelines for vessels with dynamic positioning systems (amendments to chapters 4 and 5); and provisions for helicopter facilities (new
chapter 13). The Committee decided that the amendments introducing the
HSSC system should become effective on the same date as the 1988 SOLAS
and Load Line Protocols relating to the HSSC (i.e. 3 February 2000), and
that those providing guidelines for vessels with dynamic positioning systems
and provisions for helicopter facilities should become effective on 1 July
1994.
In 1995, the Assembly adopted the Code on Alarms and Indicators, 1995
(resolution A.830(19)), which is intended to provide general design
guidance and to promote uniformity of type, location and priority for
those alarms and indicators which are required by the 1974 SOLAS
Convention, MARPOL 73/78 and other IMO instruments, including the
1989 MODU Code. The Assembly recommended Governments, inter alia,
to take appropriate steps to apply the Code and to use it as an international
safety standard for designing alarms and indicators for ships (and MODUs)
and their equipment and machinery.
This publication contains the consolidated text of the 1989 MODU Code
and the 1991 and 1994 amendments, but does not include the relevant

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Foreword
provisions of the Code on Alarms and Indicators, 1995. The intention of
this publication is to provide an easy reference to up-to-date requirements
of the 1989 MODU Code.

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Contents
Page
Preamble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 1 General
1.1

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.2

Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.4

Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.5

Equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.6

Surveys and certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.7

Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14

1.8

Casualties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

1.9

Review of the Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

Chapter 2 Construction, strength and materials

2.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

2.2

Design loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

2.3

Structural analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

2.4

Special considerations for surface units . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

2.5

Special considerations for self-elevating units . . . . . . .

19

2.6

Special considerations for column-stabilized units . . . .

20

2.7

Fatigue analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

2.8

Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

2.9

Construction portfolio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

2.10

Welding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

2.11

Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

Chapter 3 Subdivision, stability and freeboard

3.1

Inclining test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

3.2

Righting moment and heeling moment curves . . . . . .

23

3.3

Intact stability criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

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Page
3.4

Subdivision and damage stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

3.5

Extent of damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29

3.6

Watertight integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31

3.7

Freeboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

Chapter 4 Machinery installations for all types of units

4.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

4.2

Machinery requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38

4.3

Steam boilers and boiler feed systems. . . . . . . . . . . . .

38

4.4

Steam pipe systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

4.5

Machinery controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

4.6

Air pressure systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40

4.7

Arrangements for oil fuel, lubricating oil and other

flammable oils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40

4.8

Bilge pumping arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40

4.9

Ballast pumping arrangements on

column-stabilized units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42

4.10

Protection against flooding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

4.11

Anchoring arrangements for surface and

column-stabilized units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

Dynamic positioning systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46

4.12

Chapter 5 Electrical installations for all types of units

5.1

General electrical requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

5.2

Main source of electrical power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

5.3

Emergency source of electrical power . . . . . . . . . . . .

48

5.4

Starting arrangements for emergency generators . . . . .

52

5.5

Precautions against shock, fire and other hazards of

electrical origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

53

Internal communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

56

5.6

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Contents
Page
Chapter 6 Machinery and electrical installations
in hazardous areas for all types of units
6.1

Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57

6.2

Classification of hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57

6.3

Openings, access and ventilation conditions affecting

the extent of hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

58

6.4

Ventilation of spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

6.5

Emergency conditions due to drilling operations . . . . .

59

6.6

Electrical installations in hazardous areas. . . . . . . . . . .

60

6.7

Machinery installations in hazardous areas . . . . . . . . .

61

Chapter 7 Machinery and electrical installations

for self-propelled units
7.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63

7.2

Means of going astern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

7.3

Steam boilers and boiler feed systems. . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

7.4

Machinery controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64

7.5

Steering gear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

66

7.6

Electric and electrohydraulic steering gear . . . . . . . . .

68

7.7

Communication between the navigating bridge

and the engine-room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68

7.8

Engineers alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68

7.9

Main source of electrical power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68

7.10

Emergency source of electrical power . . . . . . . . . . . .

69

Chapter 8 Periodically unattended machinery spaces

for all types of unit
8.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

8.2

Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

8.3

Fire safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

8.4

Protection against flooding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73

8.5

Bridge control of propulsion machinery . . . . . . . . . . .

74

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Page
8.6

Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

75

8.7

Alarm system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

75

8.8

Special requirements for machinery, boiler

and electrical installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

75

Safety systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76

8.9

Chapter 9 Fire safety

9.1

Structural fire protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

79

9.2

Protection of accommodation spaces, service spaces

and control stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

82

9.3

Means of escape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

9.4

Fire pumps, fire mains, hydrants and hoses . . . . . . . . .

88

9.5

Fire-extinguishing systems in machinery spaces

and in spaces containing fired processes . . . . . . . . . . .

90

Portable fire extinguishers in accommodation, service

and working spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

91

9.7

Fire detection and alarm system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

91

9.8

Gas detection and alarm system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

91

9.9

Firemens outfits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

9.10

Arrangements in machinery and working spaces . . . . .

92

9.11

Provisions for helicopter facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

9.12

Storage of gas cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94

9.13

Miscellaneous items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95

9.6

Chapter 10 Life-saving appliances and equipment

10.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

97

10.2

Survival craft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

97

10.3

Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements . .

98

10.4

Survival craft launching stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

99

10.5

Stowage of survival craft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

99

10.6

Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements . . .

100

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10.7

Rescue boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

101

10.8

Stowage of rescue boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

101

10.9

Rescue boat embarkation, launching and recovery

arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

101

10.10 Lifejackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

102

10.11 Immersion suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

102

10.12 Lifebuoys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

102

10.13 Radio life-saving appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

103

10.14 Distress flares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

103

10.15 Line-throwing appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

103

10.16 Emergency warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

104

10.17 Operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

104

10.18 Operational readiness, maintenance and inspections . . .

104

Chapter 11 Radiocommunication installations

11.1

Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

107

11.2

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

107

11.3

Self-propelled units under way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

107

11.4

Units when towed, or self-propelled and accompanied

by escort ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

107

Units stationary at the site or engaged in drilling

operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108

11.6

Helicopter communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

11.7

Internal communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

11.8

Performance standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

11.9

Gas explosion danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110

11.10 Survey of the radio station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

111

11.5

Chapter 12 Lifting devices

12.1

Cranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

113

12.2

Personnel lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

114

12.3

Drilling derricks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

114

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Page
Chapter 13 Helicopter facilities
13.1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

13.2

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

13.3

Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

13.4

Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117

13.5

Visual aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117

Chapter 14 Operating requirements

14.1

Operating manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125

14.2

Dangerous goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

14.3

Pollution prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

14.4

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

14.5

Transfer of material, equipment or personnel . . . . . . .

129

14.6

Diving systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

129

14.7

Safety of navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

129

14.8

Emergency procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

130

14.9

Emergency instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

131

14.10 Training manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

132

14.11 Practice musters and drills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

132

14.12 On-board training and instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

133

14.13 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

134

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

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Preamble
1
This Code has been developed to provide an international standard for
mobile offshore drilling units of new construction which will facilitate the
international movement and operation of these units and ensure a level of
safety for such units, and for personnel on board, equivalent to that required
by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as
amended, and the International Convention on Load Lines, 1966, as
amended, for conventional ships engaged on international voyages.
2
Throughout the development of the Code, it was recognized that it
must be based upon sound design and engineering principles and experience
gained from operating such units; it was further recognized that design
technology of mobile offshore drilling units is not only a complex
technology but is rapidly evolving and that the Code should not remain
static but be re-evaluated and revised as necessary. To this end the
Organization will periodically review the Code, taking into account both
experience and future development.
3
Any existing unit which complies with the provisions of this Code
should be considered eligible for issuance of a certificate in accordance with
this Code.
4
The Code is not intended to prohibit the use of an existing unit
simply because its design, construction and equipment do not conform to
the requirements of this Code. Many existing mobile offshore drilling units
have operated successfully and safely for extended periods of time and their
operating history should be considered in evaluating their suitability to
conduct international operations.
5
The coastal State may permit any unit designed to a lower standard
than that of the Code to engage in operations having taken account of the
local environmental conditions. Any such unit should, however, comply
with safety requirements which in the opinion of the coastal State are
adequate for the intended operation and ensure the overall safety of the unit
and the personnel on board.
6
The Code does not include requirements for the drilling of subsea
wells or the procedures for their control. Such drilling operations are subject
to control by the coastal State.

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Chapter 1
General
1.1

Purpose

The purpose of the Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile
Offshore Drilling Units, 1989, as amended, hereinafter referred to as the
Code, is to recommend design criteria, construction standards and other
safety measures for mobile offshore drilling units so as to minimize the risk
to such units, to the personnel on board and to the environment.
1.2

Application

1.2.1 The Code applies to mobile offshore drilling units as defined in 1.3.1
to 1.3.4, the keels of which are laid or which are at a similar stage of
construction on or after 1 May 1991.
1.2.2 The coastal State may impose additional requirements regarding the
operation of industrial systems not dealt with by the Code.
1.3

Definitions

For the purpose of this Code, unless expressly provided otherwise, the
terms used therein have the meanings defined in the following paragraphs.
1.3.1 Mobile offshore drilling unit or unit is a vessel capable of engaging in
drilling operations for the exploration for or exploitation of resources
beneath the sea-bed such as liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, sulphur or salt.
1.3.2 Surface unit is a unit with a ship- or barge-type displacement hull of
single or multiple hull construction intended for operation in the floating
condition.
1.3.3 Self-elevating unit is a unit with movable legs capable of raising its hull
above the surface of the sea.
1.3.4 Column-stabilized unit is a unit with the main deck connected to the
underwater hull or footings by columns or caissons.
1.3.5 Administration means the Government of the State whose flag the unit
is entitled to fly.
1.3.6 Coastal State means the Government of the State exercising
administrative control over the drilling operations of the unit.
1.3.7 Organization means the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
1.3.8 Certificate means Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Safety Certificate.
1.3.9 1974 SOLAS Convention means the International Convention for the
Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended.

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Chapter 1
1.3.10 1966 Load Line Convention means the International Convention on
Load Lines, 1966.
1.3.11 Mode of operation means a condition or manner in which a unit may
operate or function while on location or in transit. The modes of operation
of a unit include the following:
.1

.2

.3

Operating conditions conditions wherein a unit is on location

for the purpose of conducting drilling operations, and combined
environmental and operational loadings are within the appropriate design limits established for such operations. The unit
may be either afloat or supported on the sea-bed, as applicable.
Severe storm conditions conditions wherein a unit may be
subjected to the most severe environmental loading for which
the unit is designed. Drilling operations are assumed to have
been discontinued due to the severity of the environmental
loading. The unit may be either afloat or supported on the seabed, as applicable.
Transit conditions conditions wherein a unit is moving from
one geographical location to another.

1.3.12 Freeboard is the distance measured vertically downwards amidships

from the upper edge of the deck line to the upper edge of the related load
line.
1.3.13 Length (L) means 96% of the total length on a waterline at 85% of
the least moulded depth (D) measured from the top of the keel, or the
length from the foreside of the stem to the axis of the rudder stock on that
waterline, if that be greater. In units designed with a rake of keel, the
waterline on which this length is measured should be parallel to the
designed waterline.
1.3.14 Weathertight means that in any sea conditions water will not
penetrate into the unit.
1.3.15 Watertight means the capability of preventing the passage of water
through the structure in any direction under a head of water for which the
surrounding structure is designed.
1.3.16 Downflooding means any flooding of the interior of any part of the
buoyant structure of a unit through openings which cannot be closed
watertight or weathertight, as appropriate, in order to meet the intact or
damage stability criteria, or which are required for operational reasons to be
left open.
Normal operational and habitable conditions means:

1.3.17
.1

conditions under which the unit as a whole, its machinery,

services, means and aids ensuring safe navigation when under
way, safety when in the industrial mode, fire and flooding safety,
internal and external communications and signals, means of

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General
escape and winches for rescue boats, as well as the means of
ensuring the minimum comfortable conditions of habitability,
are in working order and functioning normally; and
.2

drilling operations.

1.3.18 Gas-tight door is a solid, close-fitting door designed to resist the

passage of gas under normal atmospheric conditions.
1.3.19 Main source of electrical power is a source intended to supply electrical
power for all services necessary for maintaining the unit in normal
operational and habitable conditions.
1.3.20 Dead ship condition is the condition under which the main
propulsion plant, boilers and auxiliaries are not in operation due to the
absence of power.
1.3.21 Main switchboard is a switchboard directly supplied by the main
source of electrical power and intended to distribute electrical energy to the
units services.
1.3.22 Emergency switchboard is a switchboard which, in the event of failure
of the main system of electrical power supply, is directly supplied by the
emergency source of electrical power and/or the transitional source of
emergency power and is intended to distribute electrical energy to the
emergency services.
1.3.23 Emergency source of electrical power is a source of electrical power
intended to supply the necessary services in the event of failure of the main
source of electrical power.
1.3.24 Main steering gear is the machinery, the steering gear power units, if
any, and ancillary equipment and the means of applying torque to the
rudder stock, e.g. tiller or quadrant, necessary for effecting movement of the
rudder for the purpose of steering the unit under normal service conditions.
1.3.25 Auxiliary steering gear is the equipment which is provided for
effecting movement of the rudder for the purpose of steering the unit in the
event of failure of the main steering gear.
Steering gear power unit means, in the case of:

1.3.26
.1

electric steering gear, an electric motor and its associated

electrical equipment;

.2

electrohydraulic steering gear, an electric motor and its

associated electrical equipment and connected pump;

.3

other hydraulic gear, a driving engine and connected pump.

1.3.27 Maximum ahead service speed is the greatest speed which the unit is
designed to maintain in service at sea at its deepest seagoing draught.

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Chapter 1
1.3.28 Maximum astern speed is the speed which it is estimated the unit can
attain at the designed maximum astern power at its deepest seagoing
draught.
1.3.29 Machinery spaces of category A are all spaces which contain internal
combustion-type machinery used either:
.1
.2

for main propulsion; or

for other purposes where such machinery has in the aggregate a
total power of not less than 375 kW;

or which contain any oil-fired boiler or oil fuel unit; and trunks to such
spaces.
1.3.30 Machinery spaces are all machinery spaces of category A and all other
spaces containing propelling machinery, boilers and other fired processes,
oil fuel units, steam and internal combustion engines, generators and major
electrical machinery, oil filling stations, refrigerating, stabilizing, ventilation
and air-conditioning machinery and similar spaces; and trunks to such
spaces.
1.3.31 Control stations are those spaces in which the units radio or main
navigating equipment or the emergency source of power is located or where
the fire recording or fire control equipment or the dynamical positioning
control system is centralized or where a fire-extinguishing system serving
various locations is situated. In the case of column-stabilized units a
centralized ballast control station is a control station. However, for
purposes of the application of chapter 9, the space where the emergency
source of power is located is not considered as being a control station.
1.3.32 Hazardous areas are all those areas where, due to the possible
presence of a flammable atmosphere arising from the drilling operations, the
use without proper consideration of machinery or electrical equipment may
lead to fire hazard or explosion.
1.3.33 Enclosed spaces are spaces delineated by floors, bulkheads and/or
decks which may have doors or windows.
1.3.34 Semi-enclosed locations are locations where natural conditions of
ventilation are notably different from those on open decks due to the
presence of structures such as roofs, windbreaks and bulkheads and which
are so arranged that dispersion of gas may not occur.
1.3.35 Industrial machinery and components are the machinery and
components which are used in connection with the drilling operation.
1.3.36 Non-combustible material* means a material which neither burns nor
gives off flammable vapours in sufficient quantity for self-ignition when
*

If a material passes the test as specified in annex 1, part I of the International Code for
Application of Fire Test Procedures (FTP Code) it should be considered as non-combustible
even if it consists of a mixture of inorganic and organic substances.

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General
heated to approximately 7508C, this being determined to the satisfaction of
the Administration by an established test procedure. Any other material is a
combustible material.
1.3.37 A standard fire test is a test as defined in regulation II-2/3.2 of the
1974 SOLAS Convention.
1.3.38 A class divisions are those divisions as defined in regulation II-2/
3.3 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
1.3.39 B class divisions are those divisions as defined in regulation II-2/
3.4 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
1.3.40 C class divisions are divisions constructed of approved noncombustible materials. They need meet neither requirements relative to the
passage of smoke and flame nor limitations relative to the temperature rise.
1.3.41 Steel or equivalent material. Where the words steel or equivalent
material occur, equivalent material means any non-combustible material
which, by itself or due to insulation provided, has structural and integrity
properties equivalent to steel at the end of the applicable standard fire test
(e.g. aluminium alloy with appropriate insulation).
1.3.42 Low flame spread means that the surface thus described will
adequately restrict the spread of flame, this being determined to the
satisfaction of the Administration by an established test procedure.
1.3.43 Continuous B class ceilings or linings are those B class ceilings or
linings which terminate only at an A or B class division.
1.3.44 Working spaces are those open or enclosed spaces containing
equipment and processes, associated with drilling operations, which are not
included in 1.3.30 or 1.3.32.
1.3.45 Accommodation spaces are those used for public spaces, corridors,
lavatories, cabins, offices, hospitals, cinemas, games and hobbies rooms,
pantries containing no cooking appliances and similar spaces. Public spaces
are those portions of the accommodation which are used for halls, dining
rooms, lounges and similar permanently enclosed spaces.
1.3.46 Service spaces are those used for galleys, pantries containing cooking
appliances, lockers and store-rooms, workshops other than those forming
part of the machinery spaces, and similar spaces and trunks to such spaces.
1.3.47 Fuel oil unit is the equipment used for the preparation of oil fuel for
delivery to an oil-fired boiler, or equipment used for the preparation for
delivery of heated oil to an internal combustion engine, and includes any oil
pressure pumps, filters and heaters dealing with oil at a pressure more than
0.18 N/mm2
1.3.48 Survival craft are craft capable of removing persons from a unit to be
abandoned and capable of sustaining persons until retrieval is completed.

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Chapter 1
1.3.49 Rescue boat is an easily manoeuvred power boat capable of rapid
launching and adequate for quick recovery of a man overboard and towing a
liferaft away from immediate danger.
1.3.50 Diving system is the plant and equipment necessary for the safe
conduct of diving operations from a mobile offshore drilling unit.
1.3.51 Anniversary date means the day and month of each year which will
correspond to the date of expiry of the certificate.
1.4

Exemptions

An Administration may exempt any unit which embodies features of a

novel kind from any of the provisions of the Code the application of which
might impede research into the development of such features. Any such
unit should, however, comply with safety requirements which, in the
opinion of that Administration, are adequate for the service intended and are
such as to ensure the overall safety of the unit. The Administration which
allows any such exemption should list such exemptions on the certificate
and communicate to the Organization the particulars, together with the
reasons therefor, so that the Organization may circulate the same to other
Governments for the information of their officers.
1.5

Equivalents

1.5.1 Where the Code requires that a particular fitting, material, appliance,
apparatus, item of equipment or type thereof should be fitted or carried in a
unit, or that any particular provision should be made, or any procedure or
arrangement should be complied with, the Administration may allow any
other fitting, material, appliance, apparatus, item of equipment or type
thereof to be fitted or carried, or any other provision, procedure or
arrangement to be made in that unit, if it is satisfied by trial thereof or
otherwise that such fitting, material, appliance, apparatus, item of
equipment or type thereof or that any particular provision, procedure or
arrangement is at least as effective as that required by the Code.
1.5.2 When an Administration so allows any fitting, material, appliance,
apparatus, item of equipment or type thereof, or provision, procedure,
arrangement, novel design or application to be substituted, it should
communicate to the Organization the particulars thereof, together with a
report on the evidence submitted, so that the Organization may circulate
the same to other Governments for the information of their officers.
1.6

Surveys and certification

1.6.1 Each unit should be subject to the surveys specified below:

.1

an initial survey before the unit is put in service or before the

certificate is issued for the first time;

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General
.2

a renewal survey at intervals specified by the Administration but

not exceeding 5 years except where 1.6.11.2.1 or 1.6.11.5 or
1.6.11.6 is applicable;

.3

an intermediate survey within three months before or after the

second anniversary date or within three months before or after
the third anniversary date of the certificate, which should take
the place of one of the annual surveys specified in 1.6.1.4;

.4

an annual survey within three months before or after each

anniversary date of the certificate;

.5

a minimum of two drydock surveys during any five-year period,

except where 1.6.11.5 is applicable. Where 1.6.11.5 is applicable
this five-year period may be extended to coincide with the
extended period of the validity of the certificate. In all cases the
intervals between any two such surveys should not exceed
36 months;

.6

radio station surveys in accordance with 11.10;

.7

an additional survey as the occasion arises.

1.6.2 The surveys referred to in 1.6.1 should be carried out as follows:

.1

the initial survey should include a complete inspection of the

structure, safety equipment and other equipment, fittings,
arrangements and material to ensure that they comply with
the requirements of the Code, are in satisfactory condition and
are fit for the service for which the unit is intended;

.2

the renewal survey should include an inspection of the structure,

safety equipment and other equipment as referred to in 1.6.2.1
to ensure that they comply with the requirements of the Code,
are in satisfactory condition and are fit for the service for which
the unit is intended;

.3

the intermediate survey should include an inspection of the

structure, fittings, arrangements and safety equipment to ensure
that they remain satisfactory for the service for which the unit is
intended;

.4

the annual survey should include a general inspection of the

structure, safety equipment and other equipment as referred to
in 1.6.2.1, to ensure that they have been maintained in
accordance with 1.6.6.1 and that they remain satisfactory for
the service for which the unit is intended;

.5

the drydock survey and the inspection of items surveyed at the

same time should be such as to ensure that they remain
satisfactory for the service for which the unit is intended. An
Administration may allow underwater inspections in lieu of a
drydock survey provided that they are satisfied that such an
inspection is equivalent to a drydock survey;

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Chapter 1
.6

the radio survey should include a complete inspection of the

radio installation to ensure that it complies with the requirements of the Code, is in satisfactory condition and is fit for the
service for which the unit is intended;

.7

an additional survey, either general or partial according to the

circumstances, should be made after a repair resulting from
investigations prescribed in 1.6.6.3, or wherever any important
repairs or renewals are made. The survey should be such as to
ensure that the necessary repairs or renewals have been
effectively made, that the material and workmanship of such
repairs or renewals are in all respects satisfactory, and that the
unit complies in all respects with the requirements of the Code.

1.6.3 The intermediate, annual and drydock surveys referred to in 1.6.2.3,

1.6.2.4 and 1.6.2.5 should be endorsed on the certificate.
1.6.4 As an alternative to the renewal and intermediate surveys required by
1.6.2.2 and 1.6.2.3 respectively, the Administration may, at the owners
request, approve a continuous survey programme provided that the extent
and frequency of the surveys are equivalent to renewal and intermediate
surveys. A copy of the continuous survey programme, together with the
record of the surveys, should be kept on board the unit and the certificate
annotated accordingly.
1.6.5.1 The inspection and survey of the units, so far as regards the
enforcement of the provisions of the present regulations and the
granting of exemptions therefrom, should be carried out by officers
of the Administration. The Administration may, however, entrust
the inspections and surveys either to surveyors nominated for the
purpose or to organizations recognized by it.
.2 An Administration nominating surveyors or recognising organizations to conduct inspections and surveys as set forth in 1.6.5.1
should as a minimum empower and nominated surveyor or
recognized organization to:
.2.1 require repairs to a unit;
.2.2 carry out inspections and surveys if requested by the appropriate
authorities of a port State.
The Administration should notify the Organization of the specific
responsibilities and conditions of the authority delegated to nominated
surveyors or recognized organizations.
.3 When a nominated surveyor or recognized organization determines
that the condition of the unit or its equipment does not correspond
substantially with the particulars of the certificate or is such that the
unit is not fit to operate without danger to the unit, or persons on
board, such surveyor or organization should immediately ensure
that corrective action is taken and should in due course notify the

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General
Administration. If such corrective action is not taken the certificate
should be withdrawn and the Administration should be notified
immediately; and, if the unit is in an area under the jurisdiction of
another Government, the appropriate authorities of the port State
should be notified immediately. When an officer of the Administration, a nominated surveyor or recognized organization has
notified the appropriate authorities of the port State, the Government of the port State concerned should give such officer, surveyor
or organization any necessary assistance to carry out their obligations
under this regulation. When applicable, the Government of the port
State concerned should ensure that the unit should not continue to
operate until it can do so without danger to the unit or the persons
on board.
.4 In every case, the Administration shall fully guarantee the
completeness and efficiency of the inspection and survey, and
should undertake to ensure the necessary arrangements to satisfy this
obligation.
1.6.6.1 The condition of the unit and its equipment should be maintained
to conform with the provisions of this Code to ensure that the unit
in all respects will remain fit to operate without danger to the unit or
the persons on board.
.2 After any survey of the unit under this regulation has been
completed, no change should be made to structure, equipment,
fittings, arrangements and materials covered by the survey, without
the sanction of the Administration.
.3 Whenever an accident occurs to a unit or a defect is discovered,
either of which affects the safety of the unit or the efficiency or
completeness of structure, equipment, fittings, arrangements and
materials, the person in charge or owner of the unit should report at
the earliest opportunity to the Administration, the nominated
surveyor or recognized organization responsible, who should cause
investigations to be initiated to determine whether a survey, as
required by this regulation, is necessary. If the unit is in an area
under the jurisdiction of another Government, the person in charge
or the owner should also report immediately to the appropriate
authorities of the port State and the nominated surveyor or
recognized organization should ascertain that such a report has
been made.
1.6.7 A certificate called a Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Safety Certificate
(1989) may be issued after an initial or renewal survey to a unit which
complies with the requirements of the Code. The Certificate should be
issued or endorsed either by the Administration or by any person or
organization recognized by it. In every case, that Administration assumes
full responsibility for the certificate.

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Chapter 1
1.6.8 Any exemptions granted under 1.4 should be clearly noted on the
certificate.
1.6.9 A Contracting Government to both the 1974 SOLAS Convention
and the 1966 Load Line Convention may, at the request of the
Administration, cause a unit to be surveyed and, if satisfied that the
requirements of the Code are complied with, should issue or authorize the
issue of a certificate to the unit and, where appropriate, endorse or authorize
the endorsement of a certificate on the unit in accordance with the Code.
Any certificate so issued should contain a statement to the effect that it has
been issued at the request of the Government of the State the flag of which
the unit is entitled to fly, and it should have the same force and receive the
same recognition as a certificate issued under 1.6.7.
1.6.10 The certificate should be drawn up in the form corresponding to the
model given in the appendix to the Code. If the language used is neither
English nor French, the text should include a translation into one of these
languages.
1.6.11.1

The Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Safety Certificate (1989)

should be issued for a period specified by the Administration
which should not exceed five years.

.2.1

notwithstanding the requirements of 1.6.11.1, when the

renewal survey is completed within three months before the
expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate should
be valid from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a
date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the
existing certificate;

.2.2

when the renewal survey is completed after the expiry date of

the existing certificate, the new certificate should be valid from
the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not
exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing
certificate;
when the renewal survey is completed more than three months
before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new
certificate should be valid from the date of completion of the
renewal survey to a date not exceeding five years from the date
of completion of the renewal survey.
If a certificate is issued for a period of less than five years, the
Administration may extend the validity of the certificate beyond
the expiry date to the maximum period specified in 1.6.11.1,
provided that the surveys when a certificate is issued for a period
of 5 years are carried out.

.2.3

.3

.4

If a renewal survey has been completed and a new certificate

cannot be issued or placed on board the unit before the expiry
date of the existing certificate, the person or organization
authorized by the Administration may endorse the existing

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General
certificate and such a certificate should be accepted as valid for a
further period which should not exceed 5 months from the
expiry date.
.5

If a unit at the time when a certificate expires is not in the place

in which it is to be surveyed, the Administration may extend the
period of validity of the certificate but this extension shall be
granted only for the purpose of allowing the unit to proceed to
the place in which it is to be surveyed, and then only in cases
where it appears proper and reasonable to do so. No certificate
shall be extended for a period longer than three months, and a
unit to which an extension is granted should not, on its arrival in
the place in which it is to be surveyed, be entitled by virtue of
such extension to leave that place without having a new
certificate. When the renewal survey is completed, the new
certificate shall be valid to a date not exceeding 5 years from the
date of expiry of the existing certificate before the extension was
granted.

.6

In special circumstances, as determined by the Administration, a

new certificate need not be dated from the date of expiry of the
existing certificate as required by 1.6.11.2.2 or 1.6.11.5. In these
circumstances, the new certificate shall be valid to a date not
exceeding five years from the date of completion of the renewal
survey.

.7

If an annual or intermediate survey is completed before the

period specified in the relevant regulations then:

.7.1

the anniversary date shown on the relevant certificate should

be amended by endorsement to a date which should not be
more than three months later than the date on which the
survey was completed;

.7.2

the subsequent annual or intermediate survey required by the

relevant regulations should be completed at the intervals
prescribed by this regulation using the new anniversary date;

.7.3

the expiry date may remain unchanged provided one or more

annual or intermediate surveys, as appropriate, are carried out
so that the maximum intervals between the surveys prescribed
by 1.6.1.3 and 1.6.1.4 are not exceeded.

.8

A certificate issued under 1.6.7 or 1.6.9 shall cease to be valid in

any of the following cases:

.8.1

if the relevant surveys are not completed within the periods

specified in 1.6.1;

.8.2

if the certificate is not endorsed in accordance with 1.6.3;

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Chapter 1
.8.3

upon transfer of the unit to the flag of another State. A new

certificate should only be issued when the Government issuing
the new certificate is fully satisfied that the unit is in
compliance with the requirements of 1.6.6.1 and 1.6.6.2. In
the case of a transfer between Governments that are
Contracting Governments to both the 1974 SOLAS Convention and the 1966 Load Line Convention, if requested
within three months after the transfer has taken place, the
Government of the State whose flag the unit was formerly
entitled to fly should, as soon as possible, transmit to the
Administration a copy of the certificate carried by the unit
before the transfer and, if available, copies of the relevant
survey reports.

1.6.12 The privileges of the Code may not be claimed in favour of any unit
unless it holds a valid certificate.
1.7

Control

1.7.1 Every unit when in an area under the jurisdiction of another

Government is subject to control by officers duly authorized by such
Government in so far as this control is directed towards verifying that the
certificate issued under 1.6 is valid.
1.7.2 Such certificate, if valid, should be accepted unless there are clear
grounds for believing that the condition of the unit or its equipment does
not correspond substantially with the particulars of the certificate or that the
unit and its equipment are not in compliance with the provisions of 1.6.6.1
and 1.6.6.2.
1.7.3 In the circumstances given in 1.7.2 or where the certificate has
expired or ceased to be valid, the officer carrying out the control should take
steps to ensure that the unit should not continue to operate (except, when
appropriate, on a temporary basis) or leave the area for the purpose of
proceeding to an area for repair without danger to the unit or persons on
board.
1.7.4 In the event of this control giving rise to an intervention of any kind,
the officer carrying out the control should forthwith inform, in writing, the
consul or, in his absence, the nearest diplomatic representative of the State
whose flag the unit is entitled to fly of all the circumstances in which
intervention was deemed necessary. In addition, nominated surveyors or
recognized organizations responsible for the issue of the certificates should
also be notified. The facts concerning the intervention should be reported
to the Organization.
1.7.5 When exercising control under this regulation all possible efforts
should be made to avoid the operation of the unit being unduly interrupted
or delayed. If a unit is unduly interrupted or delayed it should be entitled to
compensation for any loss or damage suffered.

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General
1.7.6 Notwithstanding the provisions of 1.7.1 and 1.7.2, the requirements
of 1.6 are without prejudice to any rights of the coastal State under
international law to impose its own requirements relating to the regulation,
surveying and inspection of units engaged, or intending to engage, in the
exploration or exploitation of the natural resources of those parts of the seabed and subsoil over which that State is entitled to exercise sovereign rights.
1.8

Casualties

Each Administration should supply the Organization with pertinent

information concerning the findings of investigations of any casualty
occurring to any of its units subject to the provisions of the Code. No
reports or recommendations of the Organization based upon such
information should disclose the identity or nationality of the units
concerned or in any manner fix or imply responsibility upon any unit or
person.
1.9

Review of the Code

1.9.1 The Code will be reviewed by the Organization as necessary to

consider the revision of existing provisions and the formulation of
provisions for new developments in design, equipment or technology.
1.9.2 Where a new development in design, equipment or technology has
been found acceptable to an Administration, that Administration may
submit particulars of such development to the Organization for consideration of its incorporation into the Code.

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Chapter 2
Construction, strength and materials
2.1

General

2.1.1 Administrations should take appropriate action to ensure uniformity

in the implementation and application of the provisions of this chapter.
2.1.2 The review and approval of the design of each unit should be carried
out by officers of the Administration. However, the Administration may
entrust this function to certifying authorities nominated for this purpose or
to organizations recognized by it. In every case the Administration
concerned should fully guarantee the completeness and efficiency of the
design evaluation.
2.2

Design loads

2.2.1 The modes of operation for each unit are to be investigated using
realistic loading conditions including gravity loading with relevant
environmental loading. The following environmental considerations should
be included where applicable: wind, wave, current, ice, sea-bed conditions,
temperature, fouling, and earthquake.
2.2.2 Where possible, the above design environmental conditions should be
based upon significant data with a period of recurrence of at least 50 years
for the most severe anticipated environment.
2.2.3 Results from relevant model tests may be used to substantiate or
amplify calculations.
2.2.4 Limiting design data for each mode of operation should be stated in
the operating manual.
Wind loading
2.2.5 Sustained and gust wind velocities, as relevant, should be considered
when determining wind loading. Pressures and resultant forces should be
calculated by the method referred to in 3.2 or by some other method to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
Wave loading
2.2.6 Design wave criteria should be described by design wave energy
spectra or deterministic design waves having appropriate shape and size.
Consideration should be given to waves of lesser height, where, due to their
period, the effects on structural elements may be greater.
2.2.7 The wave forces utilized in the design analysis should include the
effects of immersion, heeling and accelerations due to motion. Theories

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Chapter 2
used for the calculation of wave forces and the selection of coefficients
should be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Current loading
2.2.8 Consideration should be given to the interaction of current and
waves. Where necessary, the two should be superimposed by adding the
current velocity vectorially to the wave particle velocity. The resultant
velocity should be used in calculating the structural loading due to current
and waves.
Loading due to vortex shedding
2.2.9 Consideration should be given to loading induced in structural
members due to vortex shedding.
Deck loading
2.2.10 A loading plan should be prepared to the satisfaction of the
Administration showing the maximum design uniform and concentrated
deck loading for each area for each mode of operation.
Other loadings
2.2.11 Other relevant loadings should be determined in a manner to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
2.3

Structural analysis

2.3.1 Sufficient loading conditions for all modes of operation should be

analysed to enable the critical design cases for all principal structural
components to be evaluated. This design analysis should be to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
2.3.2 The scantlings should be determined on the basis of criteria which
combine, in a rational manner, the individual stress components in each
structural element. The allowable stresses should be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
2.3.3 Local stresses, including stresses caused by circumferential loading on
tubular members, should be added to primary stresses in evaluating
combined stress levels.
2.3.4 The buckling strength of structural members should be evaluated
where appropriate.
2.3.5 Where deemed necessary by the Administration, a fatigue analysis
based on intended operating areas or environments should be provided.
2.3.6 The effect of notches, local stress concentrations and other stress
raisers should be allowed for in the design of primary structural elements.

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Construction, strength and materials

2.3.7 Where possible, structural joints should not be designed to transmit
primary tensile stresses through the thickness of plates integral with the
joint. Where such joints are unavoidable, the plate material properties and
inspection procedures selected to prevent lamellar tearing should be to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
2.4

Special considerations for surface units

2.4.1 The required strength of the unit should be maintained in way of the
drilling well, and particular attention should be given to the transition
between fore-and-aft members. The plating of the well should also be
suitably stiffened to prevent damage when the unit is in transit.
2.4.2 Consideration should be given to the scantlings necessary to maintain
strength in way of large hatches.
2.4.3 The structure in way of components of the position mooring system
such as fairleads and winches should be designed to withstand the stresses
imposed when a mooring line is loaded to its breaking strength.
2.5

Special considerations for self-elevating units

2.5.1 The hull strength should be evaluated in the elevated position for the
specified environmental conditions with maximum gravity loads aboard and
with the unit supported by all legs. The distribution of these loads in the
hull structure should be determined by a method of rational analysis.
Scantlings should be calculated on the basis of this analysis, but should not
be less than those required for other modes of operation.
2.5.2 The unit should be so designed as to enable the hull to clear the
highest design wave including the combined effects of astronomical and
storm tides. The minimum clearance may be the lesser of either 1.2 m or
10% of the combined storm tide, astronomical tide and height of the design
wave above the mean low water level.
2.5.3 Legs should be designed to withstand the dynamic loads which may
be encountered by their unsupported length while being lowered to the
bottom, and also to withstand the shock of bottom contact due to wave
action on the hull. The maximum design motions, sea state and bottom
conditions for operations to raise or lower the hull should be clearly stated
in the operating manual.
2.5.4 When evaluating leg stresses with the unit in the elevated position, the
maximum overturning moment on the unit due to the most adverse
combination of applicable environmental and gravity loadings should be
considered.
2.5.5 Legs should be designed for the most severe environmental transit
conditions anticipated including wind moments, gravity moments and
accelerations resulting from unit motions. The Administration should be

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Chapter 2
provided with calculations, an analysis based on model tests, or a
combination of both. Acceptable transit conditions should be included in
the operating manual. For some transit conditions, it may be necessary to
reinforce or support the legs, or to remove sections to ensure their structural
integrity.
2.5.6 Structural members which transmit loads between the legs and the
hull should be designed for the maximum loads transmitted and so arranged
as to diffuse the loads into the hull structure.
2.5.7 When a mat is utilized to transmit the bottom bearing loads, attention
should be given to the attachment of the legs so that the loads are diffused
into the mat.
2.5.8 Where tanks in the mat are not open to the sea, the scantlings should
be based on a design head using the maximum water depth and tidal effects.
2.5.9 Mats should be designed to withstand the loads encountered during
lowering including the shock of bottom contact due to wave action on the
hull.
2.5.10 The effect of possible scouring action (loss of bottom support)
should be considered. The effect of skirt plates, where provided, should be
given special consideration.
2.5.11 Except for those units utilizing a bottom mat, the capability should
be provided to pre-load each leg to the maximum applicable combined load
after initial positioning at a site. The pre-loading procedures should be
included in the operating manual.
2.5.12 Deckhouses located near the side shell of a unit may be required to
have scantlings similar to those of an unprotected house front. Other
deckhouses should have scantlings suitable for their size, function and
location.
2.6

Special considerations for column-stabilized units

2.6.1 Unless deck structures are designed for wave impact, a clearance
acceptable to the Administration should be maintained between passing
wave crests and the deck structure. The Administration should be provided
with model test data, reports on past operating experience with similar
configurations or calculations showing that adequate provision is made to
maintain this clearance.
2.6.2 For units operating while supported by the sea-bed the clearance
required in 2.5.2 should be maintained.
2.6.3 The structural arrangement of the upper hull is to be considered with
regard to the structural integrity of the unit after the assumed failure of any
primary girder. The Administration may require a structural analysis
showing satisfactory protection against overall collapse of the unit after such

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Construction, strength and materials

an assumed failure when exposed to environmental loading corresponding
to a one-year return period for the intended area of operation.
2.6.4 The scantlings of the upper structure should not be less than those
required for the loading shown in the deck loading plan.
2.6.5 When an approved mode of operation or damage condition in
accordance with the stability requirements allows the upper structure to
become waterborne, special consideration should be given to the resulting
structural loading.
2.6.6 The scantlings of columns, lower hulls and footings should be based
on the evaluation of hydrostatic pressure loading and combined loading
including wave and current considerations.
2.6.7 Where a column, lower hull or footing is a part of the overall
structural frame of a unit, consideration should also be given to stresses
resulting from deflections due to the applicable combined loading.
2.6.8 Particular consideration should be given to structural arrangements
and details in areas subject to high local loading resulting from, for example,
external damage, wave impact, partially filled tanks or bottom bearing
operations.
2.6.9 When a unit is designed for operations while supported by the seabed, the footings should be designed to withstand the shock of bottom
contact due to wave action on the hull. Such units should also be evaluated
for the effects of possible scouring action (loss of bottom support). The
effect of skirt plates, where provided, should be given special consideration.
2.6.10 The structure in way of components of the position mooring
system such as fairleads and winches should be designed to withstand the
stresses imposed when a mooring line is loaded to its breaking strength.
2.6.11 Bracing members should be designed to make the structure
effective against applicable combined loading and, when the unit is
supported by the sea-bed, against the possibility of uneven bottom bearing
loading. Bracing members should also be investigated, where applicable, for
combined stresses including local bending stresses due to buoyancy, wave
forces and current forces.
2.6.12 The units structure should be able to withstand the loss of any
slender bracing member without causing overall collapse when exposed to
environmental loading corresponding to a one-year return period for the
intended area of operation.
2.6.13 Where applicable, consideration should be given to local stresses
caused by wave impact.

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Chapter 2
2.6.14 Where bracings are watertight they should be designed to prevent
collapse from hydrostatic pressure. Underwater bracing should normally be
made watertight and have a leak detection system to make it possible to
detect fatigue cracks at an early stage.
2.6.15 Consideration should be given to the need for ring frames to
maintain stiffness and shape in tubular bracing members.
2.7

Fatigue analysis

2.7.1 The possibility of fatigue damage due to cyclic loading should be

considered in the design of self-elevating and column-stabilized units.
2.7.2 The fatigue analysis should be based on the intended mode and area of
operations to be considered in the units design.
2.7.3 The fatigue analysis should take into account the intended design life
and the accessibility of individual structural members for inspection.
2.8

Materials

Units should be constructed from steel or other suitable material having

properties acceptable to the Administration.
2.9

Construction portfolio

A construction portfolio should be prepared and a copy placed on board the

unit. It should include plans showing the location and extent of application
of different grades and strengths of materials, together with a description of
the materials and welding procedures employed, and any other relevant
construction information. Restrictions or prohibitions regarding repairs or
modifications should be included.
2.10 Welding
The welding procedures employed during construction should be to the
satisfaction of the Administration. Welders should be qualified in the
welding processes and procedures utilized. The selection of welds for testing
and the methods utilized should be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
2.11 Testing
Upon completion, boundaries of tanks should be tested to the satisfaction of
the Administration.

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Chapter 3
Subdivision, stability and freeboard
3.1

Inclining test

3.1.1 An inclining test should be required for the first unit of a design, when
the unit is as near to completion as possible, to determine accurately the
light ship data (weight and position of centre of gravity).
3.1.2 For successive units which are identical by design, the light ship data
of the first unit of the series may be accepted by the Administration in lieu
of an inclining test, provided the difference in light ship displacement or
position of centre of gravity due to weight changes for minor differences in
machinery, outfitting or equipment, confirmed by the results of a
deadweight survey, are less than 1% of the values of the light ship
displacement and principal horizontal dimensions as determined for the first
of the series. Extra care should be given to the detailed weight calculation
and comparison with the original unit of a series of column-stabilized,
semisubmersible types as these, even though identical by design, are
recognized as being unlikely to attain an acceptable similarity of weight or
centre of gravity to warrant a waiver of the inclining test.
3.1.3 The results of the inclining test, or deadweight survey and inclining
experiment adjusted for weight differences, should be indicated in the
operating manual.
3.1.4 A record of all changes to machinery, structure, outfitting and
equipment that affect the light ship data should be maintained in the
operating manual or in a light ship data alterations log and be taken into
account in daily operations.
3.1.5 For column-stabilized units, a deadweight survey should be
conducted at intervals not exceeding 5 years. Where the deadweight survey
indicates a change from the calculated light ship displacement in excess of
1% of the operating displacement, an inclining test should be conducted.
3.1.6 The inclining test or deadweight survey should be carried out in the
presence of an officer of the Administration, or a duly authorized person or
representative of an approved organization.
3.2

Righting moment and heeling moment curves

3.2.1 Curves of righting moments and of wind heeling moments similar to

figure 3-1 with supporting calculations should be prepared covering the full
range of operating draughts, including those in transit conditions, taking
into account the maximum deck cargo and equipment in the most
unfavourable position applicable. The righting moment curves and wind
heeling moment curves should be related to the most critical axes. Account
should be taken of the free surface of liquids in tanks.

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Chapter 3
3.2.2 Where equipment is of such a nature that it can be lowered and
stowed, additional wind heeling moment curves may be required and such
data should clearly indicate the position of such equipment.
3.2.3 The curves of wind heeling moments should be drawn for wind forces
calculated by the following formula:
F

= 0.5CsCHrV2A

where:
F

= the wind force (newtons)

Cs = the shape coefficient depending on the shape of the

structural member exposed to the wind (see table 3-1)
CH = the height coefficient depending on the height above sea
level of the structural member exposed to wind (see table
3-2)
r

= the air mass density (1.222 kg/m3)

= the wind velocity (metres per second)

= the projected area of all exposed surfaces in either the

upright or the heeled condition (square metres)

3.2.4 Wind forces should be considered from any direction relative to the
unit and the value of the wind velocity should be as follows:
.1

In general a minimum wind velocity of 36 m/s (70 knots) for

offshore service should be used for normal operating conditions
and a minimum wind velocity of 51.5 m/s (100 knots) should be
used for the severe storm conditions.

.2

Where a unit is to be limited in operation to sheltered locations

(protected inland waters such as lakes, bays, swamps, rivers, etc.)
consideration should be given to a reduced wind velocity of not
less than 25.8 m/s (50 knots) for normal operating conditions.

3.2.5 In calculating the projected areas to the vertical plane, the area of
surfaces exposed to wind due to heel or trim, such as under-deck surfaces,
etc., should be included using the appropriate shape factor. Open truss work
may be approximated by taking 30% of the projected block area of both the
front and back section, i.e. 60% of the projected area of one side.
3.2.6 In calculating the wind heeling moments, the lever of the wind
overturning force should be taken vertically from the centre of pressure of
all surfaces exposed to the wind to the centre of lateral resistance of the
underwater body of the unit. The unit is to be assumed floating free of
mooring restraint.
3.2.7 The wind heeling moment curve should be calculated for a sufficient
number of heel angles to define the curve. For ship-shaped hulls the curve
may be assumed to vary as the cosine function of vessel heel.

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

3.2.8 Wind heeling moments derived from wind tunnel tests on a
representative model of the unit may be considered as alternatives to the
method given in 3.2.3 to 3.2.7. Such heeling moment determination should
include lift and drag effects at various applicable heel angles.
Table 3-1 Values of the coefficient Cs
Shape

Cs

Spherical
Cylindrical
Large flat surface (hull, deckhouse, smooth under-deck
areas)
Drilling derrick
Wires
Exposed beams and girders under deck
Small parts
Isolated shapes (crane, beam, etc.)
Clustered deckhouses or similar structures

0.4
0.5
1.0
1.25
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.1

Table 3-2 Values of the coefficient CH

Height above sea level (metres)
0
15.3
30.5
46.0
61.0
76.0
91.5
106.5
122.0
137.0
152.5
167.5
183.0
198.0
213.5
228.5
244.0
above

15.3
30.5
46.0
61.0
76.0
91.5
106.5
122.0
137.0
152.5
167.5
183.0
198.0
213.5
228.5
244.0
256.0
256

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CH
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.37
1.43
1.48
1.52
1.56
1.60
1.63
1.67
1.70
1.72
1.75
1.77
1.79
1.80

Chapter 3
Righting moment

Heeling
moment

94012

Moment

Downflooding
angle
Second
intercept

Angle of inclination

Figure 3-1 Righting moment and heeling moment curves

3.3

Intact stability criteria

3.3.1 The stability of a unit in each mode of operation should meet the
following criteria (see also figure 3-1):
.1

For surface and self-elevating units the area under the righting
moment curve to the second intercept or downflooding angle,
whichever is less, should be not less than 40% in excess of the
area under the wind heeling moment curve to the same limiting
angle.

.2

For column-stabilized units* the area under the righting

moment curve to the angle of downflooding should be not
less than 30% in excess of the area under the wind heeling
moment curve to the same limiting angle.

.3

The righting moment curve should be positive over the entire

range of angles from upright to the second intercept.

3.3.2 Each unit should be capable of attaining a severe storm condition in a

period of time consistent with the meteorological conditions. The
procedures recommended and the approximate length of time required,
considering both operating conditions and transit conditions, should be
contained in the operating manual. It should be possible to achieve the
severe storm condition without the removal or relocation of solid
consumables or other variable load. However, the Administration may
permit loading a unit past the point at which solid consumables would have
to be removed or relocated to go to severe storm condition under the
*
Refer to resolution A.650(16) An example of alternative intact stability criteria for twinpontoon column-stabilized semisubmersible units.

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

following conditions, provided the allowable KG requirement is not
exceeded:
.1
in a geographic location where weather conditions annually or
seasonally do not become sufficently severe to require a unit to
go to severe storm condition, or
.2
where a unit is required to support extra deck load for a short
period of time that falls well within a period for which the
weather forecast is favourable.
The geographic locations, weather conditions and loading conditions in
which this is permitted should be identified in the operating manual.
3.3.3 Alternative stability criteria may be considered by the Administration,
provided an equivalent level of safety is maintained and if they are
demonstrated to afford adequate positive initial stability. In determining the
acceptability of such criteria, the Administration should consider at least the
following and take into account as appropriate:
.1
environmental conditions representing realistic winds (including
gusts) and waves appropriate for world-wide service in various
modes of operation;
.2

.3
.4

.5
3.4

dynamic response of a unit. Analysis should include the results

of wind tunnel tests, wave tank model tests, and non-linear
simulation, where appropriate. Any wind and wave spectra used
should cover sufficient frequency ranges to ensure that critical
motion responses are obtained;
potential for flooding taking into account dynamic responses in
a seaway;
susceptibility to capsizing considering the units restoration
energy and the static inclination due to the mean wind speed
and the maximum dynamic response;
an adequate safety margin to account for uncertainties.

Subdivision and damage stability

Surface and self-elevating units

3.4.1 The unit should have sufficient freeboard and be subdivided by means
of watertight decks and bulkheads to provide sufficient buoyancy and
stability to withstand in general the flooding of any one compartment in any
operating or transit condition consistent with the damage assumptions set
out in 3.5.
3.4.2 The unit should have sufficient reserve stability in a damaged
condition to withstand the wind heeling moment based on a wind velocity
of 25.8 m/s (50 knots) superimposed from any direction. In this condition
the final waterline, after flooding, should be below the lower edge of any
downflooding opening.

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Chapter 3
Column-stabilized units
3.4.3 The unit should have sufficient freeboard and be subdivided by means
of watertight decks and bulkheads to provide sufficient buoyancy and
stability to withstand a wind heeling moment induced by a wind velocity of
25.8 m/s (50 knots) superimposed from any direction in any operating or
transit condition, taking the following considerations into account:
the angle of inclination after the damage set out in 3.5.10.2
should not be greater than 178;

.2

any opening below the final waterline should be made watertight, and openings within 4 m above the final waterline should
be made weathertight;

.3

the righting moment curve, after the damage set out above,
should have, from the first intercept to the lesser of the extent of
weathertight integrity required by 3.4.3.2 and the second
intercept, a range of at least 78. Within this range, the righting
moment curve should reach a value of at least twice the wind
heeling moment curve, both being measured at the same angle.*
See figure 3-2 below.

Moment

.1

Extent of
weathertight
integrity
Righting moment
Wind heeling moment

**
*
Angle of
inclination
First intercept

Second intercept
2

00096

**/*

Figure 3-2 Righting moment and wind heeling moment curves

*
Refer to resolution A.651(16) An example of alternative stability criteria for a range of
positive stability after damage or flooding for column-stabilized semisubmersible units.

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

3.4.4 The unit should provide sufficient buoyancy and stability in any
operating or transit condition to withstand the flooding of any watertight
compartment wholly or partially below the waterline in question, which is a
pump-room, a room containing machinery with a salt water cooling system
or a compartment adjacent to the sea, taking the following considerations
into account:
.1
the angle of inclination after flooding should not be greater than
258;
.2

any opening below the final waterline should be made watertight;

.3

a range of positive stability* should be provided, beyond the

calculated angle of inclination in these conditions, of at least 78.

All types of units

3.4.5 Compliance with the requirements of 3.4.1 to 3.4.4 should be
determined by calculations which take into consideration the proportions
and design characteristics of the unit and the arrangements and configuration of the damaged compartments. In making these calculations, it should
be assumed that the unit is in the worst anticipated service condition as
regards stability and is floating free of mooring restraints.
3.4.6 The ability to reduce angles of inclination by pumping out or
ballasting compartments or application of mooring forces, etc., should not
be considered as justifying any relaxation of the requirements.
3.4.7 Alternative subdivision and damage stability criteria may be considered for approval by the Administration provided an equivalent level of
safety is maintained. In determining the acceptability of such criteria, the
Administration should consider at least the following and take into account:
.1

extent of damage as set out in 3.5;

.2

on column-stabilized units, the flooding of any one compartment as set out in 3.4.4;
the provision of an adequate margin against capsizing.

.3
3.5

Extent of damage

Surface units
3.5.1 In assessing the damage stability of surface units, the following extent
of damage should be assumed to occur between effective watertight
bulkheads:
.1
.2

horizontal penetration: 1.5 m; and

vertical extent: from the base line upwards without limit.

*
Refer to resolution A.651(16) An example of alternative stability criteria for a range of
positive stability after damage or flooding for column-stabilized semisubmersible units.

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Chapter 3
3.5.2 The distance between effective watertight bulkheads or their nearest
stepped portions which are positioned within the assumed extent of
horizontal penetration should be not less than 3.0 m; where there is a lesser
distance, one or more of the adjacent bulkheads should be disregarded.
3.5.3 Where damage of a lesser extent than in 3.5.1 results in a more severe
condition, such lesser extent should be assumed.
3.5.4 All piping, ventilation systems, trunks, etc., within the extent of
damage referred to in 3.5.1 should be assumed to be damaged. Positive
means of closure should be provided at watertight boundaries to preclude
the progressive flooding of other spaces which are intended to be intact.
Self-elevating units
3.5.5 In assessing the damage stability of self-elevating units, the following
extent of damage should be assumed to occur between effective watertight
bulkheads:
.1
.2

horizontal penetration: 1.5 m; and

vertical extent: from the base line upwards without limit.

3.5.6 The distance between effective watertight bulkheads or their nearest

stepped portions which are positioned within the assumed extent of
horizontal penetration should be not less than 3.0 m; where there is a lesser
distance, one or more of the adjacent bulkheads should be disregarded.
3.5.7 Where damage of a lesser extent than in 3.5.5 results in a more severe
condition, such lesser extent should be assumed.
3.5.8 Where a mat is fitted, the above extent of damage should be applied to
both the platform and the mat but not simultaneously, unless deemed
necessary by the Administration due to their close proximity to each other.
3.5.9 All piping, ventilation systems, trunks, etc., within the extent of
damage referred to in 3.5.5 should be assumed to be damaged. Positive
means of closure should be provided at watertight boundaries to preclude
the progressive flooding of other spaces which are intended to be intact.
Column-stabilized units
3.5.10 In assessing the damage stability of column-stabilized units, the
following extent of damage should be assumed:
.1

Only those columns, underwater hulls and braces on the

periphery of the unit should be assumed to be damaged and the
damage should be assumed in the exposed portions of the
columns, underwater hulls and braces.

.2

Columns and braces should be assumed to be flooded by

damage having a vertial extent of 3.0 m occurring at any level
between 5.0 m above and 3.0 m below the draughts specified in
the operating manual. Where a watertight flat is located within

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

this region, the damage should be assumed to have occurred in
both compartments above and below the watertight flat in
question. Lesser distances above or below the draughts may be
applied to the satisfaction of the Administration, taking into
account the actual operating conditions. However, the required
damage region should extend at least 1.5 m above and below the
draught specified in the operating manual.
.3

No vertical bulkhead should be assumed to be damaged, except

where bulkheads are spaced closer than a distance of one eighth
of the column perimeter at the draught under consideration,
measured at the periphery, in which case one or more of the
bulkheads should be disregarded.

.4

Horizontal penetration of damage should be assumed to be

1.5 m.
Underwater hull or footings should be assumed to be damaged
when operating in a transit condition in the same manner as
indicated in 3.5.10.1, 3.5.10.2, 3.5.10.4 and either 3.5.10.3 or
3.5.6, having regard to their shape.

.5

.6

3.6

All piping, ventilation systems, trunks, etc., within the extent of

damage should be assumed to be damaged. Positive means of
closure should be provided at watertight boundaries to preclude
the progressive flooding of other spaces which are intended to
be intact.

Watertight integrity

3.6.1 The number of openings in watertight subdivisions should be kept to

a minimum compatible with the design and proper working of the unit.
Where penetrations of watertight decks and bulkheads are necessary for
access, piping, ventilation, electrical cables, etc., arrangements should be
made to maintain the watertight integrity of the enclosed compartments.
3.6.2 Where valves are provided at watertight boundaries to maintain
watertight integrity, these valves should be capable of being operated from a
pump-room or other normally manned space, a weather deck, or a deck
which is above the final waterline after flooding. In the case of a columnstabilized unit this would be the central ballast control station. Valve
position indicators should be provided at the remote control station.
3.6.3 For self-elevating units the ventilation system valves required to
maintain watertight integrity should be kept closed when the unit is afloat.
Necessary ventilation in this case should be arranged by alternative approved
methods.
Internal openings
3.6.4 The means to ensure the watertight integrity of internal openings
should comply with the following:

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Chapter 3
.1

.2

Doors and hatch covers which are used during the operation of
the unit while afloat should be remotely controlled from the
central ballast control station and should also be operable locally
from each side. Open/shut indicators should be provided at the
control station.
Doors or hatch covers which are normally closed while the unit
is afloat should be provided with an alarm system (e.g. light
signals) showing personnel both locally and at the central ballast
control station whether the doors or hatch covers in question
are open or closed. A notice should be affixed to each such door
or hatch cover stating that it is not to be left open while the unit
is afloat.

3.6.5 The means to ensure the watertight integrity of internal openings

which are kept permanently closed during the operation of the unit, while
afloat, should comply with the following:
.1

A notice should be affixed to each such closing appliance stating

that it is to be kept closed while the unit is afloat; however,
manholes fitted with close bolted covers need not be so marked.

.2

On self-elevating units, an entry should be made in the official

log-book or tour report, as applicable, stating that all such
openings have been witnessed closed before the unit becomes
waterborne.

External openings
3.6.6 All downflooding openings the lower edge of which is submerged
when the unit is inclined to the first intercept between the righting moment
and wind heeling moment curves in any intact or damaged condition
should be fitted with a suitable watertight closing appliance, such as closely
spaced bolted covers.
3.6.7 Where flooding of chain lockers or other buoyant volumes may
occur, the openings to these spaces should be considered as downflooding
points.
3.7

Freeboard

General
3.7.1 The requirements of the 1966 Load Line Convention, including those
relating to certification, should apply to all units and certificates should be
issued as appropriate. The minimum freeboard of units which cannot be
computed by the normal methods laid down by that Convention should be
determined on the basis of meeting the applicable intact stability, damage
stability and structural requirements for transit conditions and drilling
operations while afloat. The freeboard should not be less than that
computed from the Convention where applicable.

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

3.7.2 The requirements of the 1966 Load Line Convention with respect to
weathertightness and watertightness of decks, superstructures, deckhouses,
doors, hatchway covers, other openings, ventilators, air pipes, scuppers,
inlets and discharges, etc., should be taken as a basis for all units in the afloat
condition.
3.7.3 In general, heights of hatch and ventilator coamings, air pipes, door sills,
etc., in exposed positions and their means of closing should be determined by
consideration of both intact and damage stability requirements.
3.7.4 All downflooding openings which may become submerged before the
angle of inclination at which the required area under the intact righting arm
curve is achieved should be fitted with weathertight closing appliances.
3.7.5 With regard to damage stability, the requirements in 3.4.3.2, 3.4.4 and
3.6.6 should apply.
3.7.6 Administrations should give special consideration to the position of
openings which cannot be closed in emergencies, such as air intakes for
emergency generators, having regard to the intact righting arm curves and
the final waterline after assumed damage.
Surface units
3.7.7 Load lines should be assigned to surface units as calculated under the
terms of the 1966 Load Line Convention and should be subject to all the
conditions of assignment of that Convention.
3.7.8 Where it is necessary to assign a greater than minimum freeboard to
meet intact or damage stability requirements or on account of any other
restriction imposed by the Administration, regulation 6(6) of the 1966 Load
Line Convention should apply. When such a freeboard is assigned, seasonal
marks above the centre of the ring should not be marked and any seasonal
marks below the centre of the ring should be marked. If a unit is assigned a
greater than minimum freeboard at the request of the owner, regulation 6(6)
need not apply.
3.7.9 Where moonpools are arranged within the hull in open communication with the sea, the volume of the moonpool should not be included in
the calculation of any hydrostatic properties. If the moonpool has a larger
cross-sectional area above the waterline at 0.85D than below, an addition
should be made to the geometric freeboard corresponding to the lost
buoyancy. This addition for the excess portion above the waterline at 0.85D
should be made as prescribed below for wells or recesses. If an enclosed
superstructure contains part of the moonpool, deduction should be made
for the effective length of the superstructure. Where open wells or recesses
are arranged in the freeboard deck, a correction equal to the volume of the
well or recess to the freeboard deck divided by the waterplane area at 0.85D
should be made to the freeboard obtained after all other corrections, except
bow height correction, have been made. Free surface effects of the flooded
well or recess should be taken into account in stability calculations.

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Chapter 3
3.7.10 The procedure described in 3.7.9 should also apply in cases of small
notches or relatively narrow cut-outs at the stern of the unit.
3.7.11 Narrow wing extensions at the stern of the unit should be
considered as appendages and excluded for the determination of length (L)
and for the calculation of freeboards. The Administration should determine
the effect of such wing extensions with regard to the requirements for the
strength of unit based upon length (L).
Self-elevating units
3.7.12 Load lines should be assigned to self-elevating units as calculated
under the terms of the 1966 Load Line Convention. When floating or when
in transit from one operational area to another units should be subject to all
the conditions of assignment of that Convention unless specifically
excepted. However, these units should not be subject to the terms of that
Convention while they are supported by the sea-bed or are in the process of
lowering or raising their legs.
3.7.13 The minimum freeboard of units which due to their configuration
cannot be computed by the normal methods laid down by the 1966 Load
Line Convention should be determined on the basis of meeting applicable
intact stability, damage stability and structural requirements in the afloat
condition.
3.7.14 Where it is necessary to assign a greater than minimum freeboard to
meet intact or damage stability requirements or on account of any other
restriction imposed by the Administration, regulation 6(6) of the 1966 Load
Line Convention should apply. When such a freeboard is assigned, seasonal
marks above the centre of the ring should not be marked and any seasonal
marks below the centre of the ring should be marked. If a unit is assigned a
greater than minimum freeboard at the request of the owner, regulation 6(6)
need not apply.
3.7.15 Where moonpools are arranged within the hull in open communication with the sea, the volume of the moonpool should not be included
in the calculation of any hydrostatic properties. If the moonpool has a larger
cross-sectional area above the waterline at 0.85D than below, an addition
should be made to the geometric freeboard corresponding to the lost
buoyancy. This addition for the excess portion above the waterline at 0.85D
should be made as prescribed below for wells or recesses. If an enclosed
superstructure contains part of the moonpool, deduction should be made
for the effective length of the superstructure. Where open wells or recesses
are arranged in the freeboard deck, a correction equal to the volume of the
well or recess to the freeboard deck divided by the waterplane area at 0.85D
should be made to the freeboard obtained after all other corrections, except
bow height correction have been made. Free surface effects of the flooded
well or recess should be taken into account in stability calculations.

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Subdivision, stability and freeboard

3.7.16 The procedure described in 3.7.15 should apply in cases of small
notches or relatively narrow cut-outs at the stern of the unit.
3.7.17 Narrow wing extensions at the stern of the unit should be
considered as appendages and excluded for the determination of length (L)
and for the calculation of freeboards. The Administration should determine
the effect of such wing extensions with regard to the requirements for the
strength of unit based upon length (L).
3.7.18 Self-elevating units may be manned when under tow. In such cases
a unit would be subject to a bow height requirement which may not always
be possible to achieve. In such circumstances, the Administration should
consider the extent of application of regulation 39(3) of the 1966 Load Line
Convention to such units, having regard to the occasional nature of such
voyages on predetermined routes and to prevailing weather conditions.
3.7.19 Some self-elevating units utilize a large mat or similar supporting
structure which contributes to the buoyancy when the unit is floating. In
such cases the mat or similar supporting structure should be ignored in the
calculation of freeboard. The mat or similar supporting structure should,
however, always be taken into account in the evaluation of the stability of
the unit when floating since its vertical position relative to the upper hull
may be critical.
Column-stabilized units
3.7.20 The hull form of this type of unit makes the calculation of
geometric freeboard in accordance with the provisions of chapter III of the
1966 Load Line Convention impracticable. Therefore the minimum
freeboard of each column-stabilized unit should be determined by meeting
the applicable requirements for:
.1
.2
.3

the strength of the units structure;

the minimum clearance between passing wave crests and deck
structure (see 2.6.1 to 2.6.3); and
intact and damage stability requirements.

3.7.21 The minimum freeboard should be marked in appropriate locations

on the structure.
3.7.22 The enclosed deck structure of each column-stabilized unit should
be made weathertight.
3.7.23 Windows, sidescuttles and portlights, including those of the nonopening type, or other similar openings should not be located below the
deck structure of column-stabilized units.
3.7.24 Administrations should give special consideration to the position of
openings which cannot be closed in emergencies, such as air intakes for
emergency generators, having regard to the intact righting arm curves and
the final waterline after assumed damage.

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Chapter 4
Machinery installations for all types of units
4.1

General*

4.1.1 The machinery and electrical requirements contained in chapters 4 to

8 provide an acceptable degree of protection for personnel from fire, electric
shock or other physical injuries. The requirements apply to both marine and
industrial equipment.
4.1.2 Codes and standards of practice which have been proven to be
effective by actual application by the offshore drilling industry which are not
in conflict with this Code, and which are acceptable to the Administration,
may be applied in addition to these requirements.
4.1.3 All machinery, electrical equipment, boilers and other pressure
vessels, associated piping systems, fittings and wiring should be of a design
and construction adequate for the service for which they are intended and
should be so installed and protected as to reduce to a minimum any danger
to persons on board, due regard being paid to moving parts, hot surfaces and
other hazards. The design should have regard to materials used in
construction, and to the marine and industrial purposes for which the
equipment is intended, the working conditions and the environmental
conditions to which it will be subjected. Consideration should be given to
the consequences of the failure of systems and equipment essential to the
safety of the unit.
4.1.4 All machinery, components and systems essential to the safe operation
of a unit should be designed to operate under the following static conditions
of inclination:
.1
when column-stabilized units are upright and inclined to an
angle up to 158 in any direction;
.2
when self-elevating units are upright and inclined to an angle up
to 108 in any direction;
.3
when surface units are upright and in level trim and when
inclined to an angle of list up to 158 either way and
simultaneously trimmed to an angle up to 58 by the bow or
stern.
The Administration may permit or require deviations from these angles,
taking into consideration the type, size and service conditions of the unit.
4.1.5 Jacking mechanisms for self-elevating units are in general to be
arranged with redundancy so that a single failure of any component does not
cause an uncontrolled descent of the unit.
*

Refer to MSC/Circ.834, Guidelines for engine-room layout, design and arrangement.

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Chapter 4
4.2

Machinery requirements

4.2.1 All boilers, all parts of machinery, all steam, hydraulic, pneumatic and
other systems and their associated fittings which are under internal pressure
should be subjected to appropriate tests including a pressure test before
being put into service for the first time.
4.2.2 Adequate provisions should be made to facilitate cleaning, inspection
and maintenance of machinery including boilers and pressure vessels.
4.2.3 Where risk from overspeeding of machinery exists, means should be
provided to ensure that the safe speed is not exceeded.
4.2.4 Where machinery including pressure vessels or any parts of such
machinery are subject to internal pressure and may be subject to dangerous
overpressure, means should, where applicable, be provided which will
protect against such excessive pressure.
4.2.5 All gearing and every shaft and coupling used for transmission of
power to machinery essential for the safety of the unit or persons on board
should be designed and constructed so that they will withstand the
maximum working stresses to which they may be subjected in all service
conditions, taking into account the type of engines by which they are driven
or of which they form part.
4.2.6 Internal combustion engines of a cylinder diameter of 200 mm or a
crankcase volume of 0.6 m3 and above should be provided with crankcase
explosion relief valves of an approved type with sufficient relief area. The
relief valves should be arranged or provided with means to ensure that
discharge from them is directed so as to minimize the possibility of injury to
personnel.
4.2.7 Machinery, where applicable, should be provided with automatic
shutoff arrangements or alarms in the case of failures, such as lubricating oil
supply failure, which could lead rapidly to complete breakdown, damage or
explosion. The Administration may permit provisions for overriding
automatic shutoff devices.
4.2.8 Means should be provided whereby normal operation of vital systems,
such as ballast systems in semisubmersible units, jacking systems in selfelevating units or control of blow-out preventers, can be sustained or
restored even though one of the essential auxiliaries becomes inoperable.
4.2.9 Means should be provided to ensure that machinery can be brought
into operation from the dead ship condition without external aid.
4.3

Steam boilers and boiler feed systems

4.3.1 Every steam boiler and every unfired steam generator should be
provided with not less than two safety valves of adequate capacity. However,
the Administration may, having regard to the output or any other features of
any boiler or unfired steam generator, permit only one safety valve to be

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Machinery installations for all types of units

fitted if it is satisfied that adequate protection against overpressure is
provided.
4.3.2 Every oil-fired boiler which is intended to operate without manual
supervision should have safety arrangements which shut off the fuel supply
and give an alarm at an attended location in the case of low water level, air
supply failure or flame failure.
4.3.3 Every steam generating system which could be rendered dangerous by
the failure of its feedwater supply should be provided with not less than two
separate feedwater systems from and including the feed pumps, noting that a
single penetration of the steam drum is acceptable. For those services not
essential for the safety of the unit, only one feedwater system is required if
automatic shutdown of the steam generating system upon loss of the
feedwater supply is provided. Means should be provided which will prevent
overpressure in any part of the feedwater system.
4.3.4 Boilers should be provided with means to supervise and control the
quality of the feedwater. As far as practicable, means should be provided to
preclude the entry of oil or other contaminants which may adversely affect
the boiler.
4.3.5 Every boiler essential for the safety of the unit and which is designed
to have a water level should be provided with at least two means for
indicating its water level, at least one of which should be a direct-reading
gauge glass.
4.4

Steam pipe systems

4.4.1 Every steam pipe and every fitting connected thereto through which
steam may pass should be so designed, constructed and installed as to
withstand the maximum working stresses to which it may be subjected.
4.4.2 Efficient means should be provided for draining every steam pipe
where dangerous water hammer action might otherwise occur.
4.4.3 If a steam pipe or fitting may receive steam from any source at a higher
pressure than that for which it is designed, a suitable reducing valve, relief
valve and pressure gauge should be fitted.
4.5

Machinery controls

4.5.1 Machinery essential for the safety of the unit should be provided with
effective means for its operation and control.
4.5.2 Automatic starting, operational and control systems for machinery
essential for the safety of the unit should, in general, include provisions for
manually overriding the automatic controls. Failure of any part of the
automatic and remote control system should not prevent the use of the
manual override. Visual indication should be provided to show whether or
not the override has been actuated.

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Chapter 4
4.6

Air pressure systems

4.6.1 In every unit means should be provided to prevent excess pressure in

any part of compressed air systems and where water jackets or casings of air
compressors and coolers might be subjected to dangerous excess pressure
due to leakage into them from air pressure parts. Suitable pressure-relief
arrangements should be provided for all systems.
4.6.2 The starting air arrangements for internal combustion engines should
be adequately protected against the effects of backfiring and internal
explosions in the starting air pipes.
4.6.3 Starting air pipes from the air receivers to internal combustion engines
should be entirely separate from the compressor discharge pipe system.
4.6.4 Provision should be made to reduce to a minimum the entry of oil
into the starting air pressure systems and to drain these systems.
4.7

Arrangements for oil fuel, lubricating oil and

other flammable oils

4.7.1 Arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of oil fuel
should be such as to ensure the safety of the unit and persons on board.
4.7.2 Arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of oil used
in pressure lubrication systems should be such as to ensure the safety of the
unit and persons on board.
4.7.3 Arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of other
flammable oils employed under pressure in power transmission systems,
control and activating systems and heat transfer systems should be such as to
ensure the safety of the unit and persons on board.
4.7.4 In machinery spaces pipes, fittings and valves carrying flammable oils
should be of a material approved by the Administration, having regard to the
risk of fire.
4.8

Bilge pumping arrangements

4.8.1 An efficient bilge pumping system should be provided, capable of

pumping from and draining watertight compartments other than spaces
permanently appropriated for the carriage of fresh water, water ballast, oil
fuel or liquid cargo and for which other efficient means of pumping are
provided, under all practical conditions whether the unit is upright or
inclined, as specified in 4.1.4. Additional suctions should be provided in
large compartments or compartments of unusual form, as deemed necessary
by the Administration. Arrangements should be made whereby water in the
compartment may find its way to the suction pipes. Compartments not
provided with a bilge suction may be drained to other spaces provided with
bilge pumping capability. Means should be provided to detect the presence
of water in such compartments which are adjacent to the sea or adjacent to

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Machinery installations for all types of units

tanks containing liquids and in void compartments through which pipes
conveying liquids pass. If the Administration is satisfied that the safety of the
unit is not impaired the bilge pumping arrangements and the means to
detect the presence of water may be dispensed with in particular
compartments.
4.8.2 At least two self-priming power pumps connected to each bilge main
should be provided. Sanitary, ballast and general service pumps may be
accepted as independent power bilge pumps if fitted with the necessary
connections to the bilge pumping system.
4.8.3 All bilge pipes should be of steel or other suitable material having
properties acceptable to the Administration. Special consideration should be
given to the design of bilge lines passing through ballast tanks taking into
account effects of corrosion or other deterioration.
4.8.4 The arrangement of the bilge pumping system should be such as to
prevent the possibility of water passing from the sea into dry spaces, or
inadvertently from one compartment to another.
4.8.5 All distribution boxes and manually operated valves in connection
with the bilge pumping arrangements should be in positions which are
accessible under ordinary circumstances. Where such valves are located in
normally unmanned spaces below the assigned load line and not provided
with high bilge water level alarms, they should be operable from outside the
space.
4.8.6 A means to indicate whether a valve is open or closed should be
provided at each location from which the valve can be controlled. The
indicator should rely on movement of the valve spindle.
4.8.7 Drainage of hazardous areas should be given special consideration
having regard to the risk of explosion (see 6.3.2).
4.8.8 The following additional requirements are applicable to columnstabilized units:
.1

Chain lockers which, if flooded, could substantially affect the

units stability should be provided with a remote means to detect
flooding and a permanently installed means of dewatering.
Remote indication of flooding should be provided at the central
ballast control station.

.2

At least one of the pumps referred to in 4.8.2 and pump-room

bilge suction valves should be capable of both remote and local
operation.

.3

Propulsion rooms and pump-rooms in lower hulls should be

provided with two independent systems for high bilge water
level detection providing an audible and visual alarm at the
central ballast control station.

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Chapter 4
4.9

Ballast pumping arrangements on column-stabilized units

Ballast pumps and piping

4.9.1 Units should be provided with an efficient pumping system capable of
ballasting and deballasting any ballast tank under normal operating and
transit conditions. Alternatively, Administrations may permit controlled
gravity ballasting.
4.9.2 The ballast system should provide the capability to bring the unit,
while in an intact condition, from the maximum normal operating draught
to a severe storm draught, or to a greater distance, as may be specified by the
Administration, within 3 hours.
4.9.3 The ballast system should be arranged to provide at least two
independent pumps so that the system remains operational in the event of
failure of any one such pump. The pumps provided need not be dedicated
ballast pumps, but should be readily available for such use at all times.
4.9.4 The ballast system should be capable of operating after the damage
specified in 3.5.10 and have the capability of restoring the unit to a level
trim and safe draught condition without taking on additional ballast, with
any one pump inoperable. The Administration may permit counterflooding as an operational procedure.
4.9.5 The ballast system should be arranged and operated so as to prevent
inadvertent transfer of ballast water from one tank or hull to another, which
could result in moment shifts leading to excessive angles of heel or trim.
4.9.6 It should be possible to supply each ballast pump required by 4.9.3
from the emergency source of power. The arrangements should be such
that the system is capable of restoring the unit from an inclination specified
in 4.1.4.1 to a level trim and safe draught condition after loss of any single
component in the power supply system.
4.9.7 All ballast pipes should be of steel or other suitable material having
properties acceptable to the Administration. Special consideration should be
given to the design of ballast lines passing through ballast tanks, taking into
account effects of corrosion or other deterioration.
4.9.8 All valves and operating controls should be clearly marked to identify
the function they serve. Means should be provided locally to indicate
whether a valve is open or closed.
4.9.9 Air pipes should be provided on each ballast tank sufficient in number
and cross-sectional area to permit the efficient operation of the ballast
pumping system under the conditions referred to in 4.9.1 to 4.9.9. In order
to allow deballasting of the ballast tanks intended to be used to bring the
unit back to normal draught and to ensure no inclination after damage, air
pipe openings for these tanks should be above the worst damage waterline
specified in chapter 3. Such air pipes should be positioned outside the extent
of damage, as defined in chapter 3.

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Machinery installations for all types of units

Control and indicating systems
4.9.10 A central ballast control station should be provided. It should be
located above the worst damage waterline and in a space not within the
assumed extent of damage referred to in chapter 3 and adequately protected
from weather. It should be provided with the following control and
indicating systems where applicable:
.1
ballast pump control system;
.2

ballast pump status-indicating system;

.3
.4

ballast valve control system;

ballast valve position-indicating system;

.5
.6

tank level indicating system;

draught indicating system;

.7

heel and trim indicators;

.8
.9

power availability indicating system (main and emergency);

ballast system hydraulic/pneumatic pressure-indicating system.

4.9.11 In addition to remote control of the ballast pumps and valves from
the central ballast control station, all ballast pumps and valves should be
fitted with independent local control operable in the event of remote
control failure. The independent local control of each ballast pump and of
its associated ballast tank valves should be in the same location.
4.9.12 The control and indicating systems listed in 4.9.10 should function
independently of one another, or have sufficient redundancy, such that a
failure in one system does not jeopardize the operation of any of the other
systems.
4.9.13 Each power-actuated ballast valve should fail to the closed position
upon loss of control power. Upon reactivation of control power, each such
valve should remain closed until the ballast control operator assumes control
of the reactivated system. The Administration may accept ballast valve
arrangements that do not fail to the closed position upon loss of power
provided the Administration is satisfied that the safety of the unit is not
impaired.
4.9.14 The tank level indicating system required by 4.9.10.5 should
provide means to:
.1

.2

indicate liquid levels in all ballast tanks. A secondary means of

determining levels in ballast tanks, which may be a sounding
pipe, should be provided. Tank level sensors should not be
situated in the tank suction lines;
indicate liquid levels in other tanks, such as fuel oil, fresh water,
drilling water or liquid storage tanks, the filling or emptying of
which, in the view of the Administration, could affect the

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Chapter 4
stability of the unit. Tank level sensors should not be situated in
the tank suction lines.
4.9.15 The draught indicating system should indicate the draught at each
corner of the unit or at representative positions as required by the
Administration.
4.9.16 Enclosures housing ballast system electrical components, the failure
of which would cause unsafe operation of the ballast system upon liquid
entry into the enclosure, should comply with 5.5.21.
4.9.17 A means to indicate whether a valve is open or closed should be
provided at each location from which the valve can be controlled. The
indicators should rely on movement of the valve spindle.
4.9.18 Means should be provided at the central ballast control station to
isolate or disconnect the ballast pump control and ballast valve control
systems from their sources of electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic power.
Internal communication
4.9.19 A permanently installed means of communication, independent of
the units main source of electrical power, should be provided between the
central ballast control station and spaces that contain ballast pumps or valves,
or other spaces that may contain equipment necessary for the operation of
the ballast system.
4.10 Protection against flooding
4.10.1 Each seawater inlet and discharge in spaces below the assigned load
line should be provided with a valve operable from an accessible position
outside the space on:
.1

all column-stabilized units;

.2

all other units where the space containing the valve is normally
unattended and is not provided with high bilge water level
detection.

4.10.2 The control systems and indicators provided in 3.6.4.1 should be

operable in both normal conditions and in the event of main power failure.
Where stored energy is provided for this purpose, its capacity should be to
the satisfaction of the Administration.
4.11 Anchoring arrangements for surface and column-stabilized units
4.11.1 Anchoring arrangements, where fitted as the sole means for position
keeping, should be provided with adequate factors of safety and be designed
to maintain the unit on station in all design conditions. The arrangements
should be such that a failure of any single component should not cause
progressive failure of the remaining anchoring arrangements.

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Machinery installations for all types of units

4.11.2 The anchors, cables, shackles and other associated connecting
equipment should be designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with
a recognized standard. Evidence, to the satisfaction of the Administration,
that the equipment has been so tested and approved should be readily
available. Provisions should be made on board for the recording of changes
to and inspection of the equipment.
4.11.3 Anchor cables may be of wire, rope, chain or any combination
thereof.
4.11.4 Means should be provided to enable the anchor cable to be released
from the unit after loss of main power.
4.11.5 Fairleads and sheaves should be designed to prevent excessive
bending and wear of the anchor cable. The attachments to the hull or
structure should be such as to adequately withstand the stresses imposed
when an anchor cable is loaded to its breaking strength.
4.11.6 Suitable anchor stowage arrangements should be provided to
prevent movement of the anchors in a seaway.
4.11.7 Each windlass should be provided with two independent poweroperated brakes. Each brake should be capable of holding against a static
load in the anchor cable of at least 50% of its breaking strength. Where the
Administration so allows, one of the brakes may be replaced by a manually
operated brake.
4.11.8 The design of the windlass should provide for adequate dynamic
braking capacity to control normal combinations of loads from the anchor,
anchor cable and anchor handling vessel during the deployment of the
anchors at the maximum design payout speed of the windlass.
4.11.9 On loss of power to the windlasses, the power-operated braking
system should be automatically applied and be capable of holding against
50% of the total static braking capacity of the windlass.
4.11.10 Each windlass should be capable of being controlled from a
position which provides a good view of the operation.
4.11.11 Means should be provided at the windlass control position to
monitor cable tension and windlass power load and to indicate the amount
of cable paid out.
4.11.12 A manned control station should be provided with means to
indicate cable tensions and speed and direction of wind.
4.11.13 Reliable means should be provided to communicate between
locations critical to the anchoring operation.
4.11.14 Special consideration should be given to arrangements where the
anchoring systems provided are used in conjunction with thrusters to
maintain the unit on station.

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Chapter 4
4.12 Dynamic positioning systems
Dynamic positioning systems used as a sole means of position keeping
should provide a level of safety equivalent to that provided for anchoring
arrangements.*

Refer to the Guidelines for vessels with dynamic positioning systems approved by the
Maritime Safety Committee at its sixty-third session and disseminated by MSC/Circ.645.

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Chapter 5
Electrical installations for all types of units
5.1

General electrical requirements

5.1.1 Electrical installations should be such that:

.1
all electrical services necessary for maintaining the unit in
normal operational habitable conditions will be assured without
recourse to the emergency source of power;
.2
.3

electrical services essential for safety will be assured in case of

failure of the main source of electrical power; and
the safety of personnel and unit from electrical hazards will be
assured.

5.1.2 Administrations should take appropriate steps to ensure uniformity in

the implementation and application of the provisions of these requirements
in respect of electrical installations.*
5.2

Main source of electrical power

5.2.1 Every unit should be provided with a main source of electrical power
which should include at least two generating sets.
5.2.2 The power of these sets should be such that it is still possible to ensure
the functioning of the services referred to in 5.1.1.1, except for services
referred to in 1.3.17.2, in the event of any one of these generating sets being
stopped.
5.2.3 Where transformers or converters constitute an essential part of the
supply system, the system should be so arranged as to ensure the same
continuity of the supply as stated in 5.2.2.
5.2.4 A main electrical lighting system which should provide illumination
throughout those parts of the unit normally accessible to and used by
personnel should be supplied from the main source of power.
5.2.5 The arrangement of the main lighting system should be such that a fire
or other casualty in the space or spaces containing the main source of power,
including transformers or converters, if any, will not render the emergency
lighting system required by 5.3 inoperative.
5.2.6 The arrangement of the emergency lighting system should be such
that a fire or other casualty in the space or spaces containing the emergency
source of power, including transformers or converters, if any, will not
render the main lighting system required by this section inoperative.
*

Refer to the recommendations published by the International Electrotechnical Commission.

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Chapter 5
5.3

Emergency source of electrical power

5.3.1 Every unit should be provided with a self-contained emergency

source of electrical power.
5.3.2 The emergency source of power, the transitional source of emergency
power and the emergency switchboard should be located above the worst
damage waterline and in a space not within the assumed extent of damage
referred to in chapter 3, and be readily accessible. They should not be
forward of the collision bulkhead, if any.
5.3.3 The location of the emergency source of power, the transitional
source of emergency power and emergency switchboard in relation to the
main source of electrical power should be such as to ensure to the
satisfaction of the Administration that a fire or other casualty in the space
containing the main source of electrical power or in any machinery space of
category A will not interfere with the supply or distribution of emergency
power. As far as practical, the space containing the emergency source of
power, the transitional source of emergency power and the emergency
switchboard should not be contiguous to boundaries of machinery spaces of
category A or of those spaces containing the main source of electrical
power. Where the emergency source of power, the transitional source of
emergency power, and the emergency switchboard are contiguous to the
boundaries of machinery spaces of category A or to those spaces containing
the main source of electrical power, or to spaces of zone 1 or zone 2, the
contiguous boundaries should be in compliance with 9.1.
5.3.4 Provided that suitable measures are taken for safeguarding independent emergency operation under all circumstances, the emergency switchboard may be used to supply non-emergency circuits, and the emergency
generator may be used exceptionally and for short periods to supply nonemergency circuits.
5.3.5
For units where the main source of electrical power is located in
two or more spaces which have their own systems, including power
distribution and control systems, completely independent of the systems in
the other spaces and such that a fire or other casualty in any one of the
spaces will not affect the power distribution from the others, or to the
services required by 5.3.6. the requirements of 5.3.1 may be considered
satisfied without an additional emergency source of electrical power,
provided that the Administration is satisfied that:
.1

there are at least two generating sets, meeting the requirements

of 5.3.15 and each of sufficient capacity to meet the requirements of 5.3.6, in each of at least two spaces;

.2

the arrangements required by 5.3.5.1 in each such space are

equivalent to those required by 5.3.8, 5.3.11 to 5.3.14 and 5.4
so that a source of electrical power is available at all times to the
services required by 5.3.6;

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Electrical installations for all types of units

.3

the location of each of the spaces referred to in 5.3.5.1 is in

compliance with 5.3.2 and the boundaries meet the requirements of 5.3.3 except that contiguous boundaries should consist
of an A-60 bulkhead and a cofferdam, or a steel bulkhead
insulated to class A-60 on both sides.

5.3.6 The power available should be sufficient to supply all those services
that are essential for safety in an emergency, due regard being paid to such
services as may have to be operated simultaneously. The emergency source
of power should be capable, having regard to starting currents and the
transitory nature of certain loads, of supplying simultaneously at least the
following services for the periods specified hereinafter, if they depend upon
an electrical source for their operation:
.1

For a period of 18 hours, emergency lighting:

.1.1

at every embarkation station on deck and over sides;

.1.2

in all service and accommodation alleyways, stairways and

exits, personnel lift cars, and personnel lift trunks;

.1.3

in the machinery spaces and main generating stations including

their control positions;

.1.4

in all control stations and in all machinery control rooms;

.1.5

in all spaces from which control of the drilling process is

performed and where controls of machinery essential for the
performance of this process, or devices for emergency switching-off of the power plant are located;

.1.6

at the stowage position or positions for firemens outfits;

.1.7

at the sprinkler pump, if any, at the fire pump referred to in

5.3.6.5, at the emergency bilge pump, if any, and at their
starting positions;

.1.8

on helicopter landing decks;

.2

For a period of 18 hours, the navigation lights, other lights and

sound signals, required by the International Regulations for the
Prevention of Collisions at Sea, in force;

.3

For a period of 4 days any signalling lights or sound signals

which may be required for marking of offshore structures;

.4

For a period of 18 hours:

.4.1

all internal communication equipment that is required in an

emergency;

.4.2

fire and gas detection and their alarm systems;

.4.3

intermittent operation of the manual fire alarms and all internal

signals that are required in an emergency; and

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.4.4

the capability of closing the blow-out preventer and of

disconnecting the unit from the well-head arrangement, if
electrically controlled;
unless they have an independent supply from an accumulator
battery suitably located for use in an emergency and sufficient
for the period of 18 hours;

.5

For a period of 18 hours, one of the fire pumps, if dependent

upon the emergency generator for its source of power;

.6

For a period of at least 18 hours, permanently installed diving

equipment, if dependent upon the units electrical power;

.7
.7.1

On column-stabilized units, for a period of 18 hours:

ballast control and indicating systems required by 4.9.10; and

.7.2

any of the ballast pumps required by 4.9.3; only one of the

connected pumps need be considered to be in operation at any
time;

.8
.8.1

For a period of half an hour:

power to operate the watertight doors as provided by 3.6.4.1,
but not necessarily all of them simultaneously, unless an
independent temporary source of stored energy is provided;

.8.2

power to operate the controls and indicators required by

3.6.4.1.

5.3.7 The emergency source of power may be either a generator or an

accumulator battery.
5.3.8 Where the emergency source of power is a generator it should be:
.1

driven by a suitable prime mover with an independent supply of

fuel, having a flashpoint of not less than 438C;

.2

started automatically upon failure of the normal electrical supply

unless a transitional source of emergency power in accordance
with 5.3.8.3 is provided; where the emergency generator is
automatically started, it should be automatically connected to
the emergency switchboard; those services referred to in 5.3.10
should then be connected automatically to the emergency
generator; and unless a second independent means of starting
the emergency generator is provided, the single source of stored
energy should be protected to preclude its complete depletion
by the automatic starting system; and

.3

provided with a transitional source of emergency power, as

specified in 5.3.10, unless the emergency generator is capable of
supplying the services mentioned in 5.3.10 and of being
automatically started and supplying the required load as quickly
as is safe and practicable but in not more than 45 seconds.

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5.3.9 Where the emergency source of power is an accumulator battery it
should be capable of:
.1

carrying the emergency load without recharging while maintaining the voltage of the battery throughout the discharge
period within plus or minus 12% of its nominal voltage;

.2

automatically connecting to the emergency switchboard in the

event of failure of the main power supply; and

.3

immediately supplying at least those services specified in 5.3.10.

5.3.10 The transitional source or sources of emergency power, where

required by 5.3.8.3, should consist of an accumulator battery suitably
located for use in an emergency, which should operate without recharging
whilst maintaining the voltage of the battery throughout the discharge
period within plus or minus 12% of its nominal voltage, and be of sufficient
capacity and so arranged as to supply automatically, in the event of failure of
either the main or the emergency source of power, the following services
for half an hour at least if they depend upon an electrical source for their
operation:
.1

the lighting required by 5.3.6.1 and 5.3.6.2. For this transitional

phase, the required emergency lighting, in respect of the
machinery space and accommodation and service areas, may
be provided by permanently fixed, individual accumulator lamps
which are automatically charged and operated;

.2

all essential internal communication equipment required by

5.3.6.4.1 and 5.3.6.4.2; and

.3

intermittent operation of the services referred to in 5.3.6.4.3 and

5.3.6.4.4,

unless, in the case of 5.3.10.2 and 5.3.10.3, they have an independent

supply from an accumulator battery suitably located for use in an emergency
and sufficient for the period specified.
5.3.11 The emergency switchboard should be installed as near as is
practicable to the emergency source of power and, where the emergency
source of power is a generator, the emergency switchboard should
preferably be located in the same space.
5.3.12 No accumulator battery fitted in accordance with this requirement
for emergency or transitional power supply should be installed in the same
space as the emergency switchboard, unless appropriate measures to the
satisfaction of the Administration are taken to extract the gases discharged
from the said batteries. An indicator should be mounted in a suitable place
on the main switchboard or in the machinery control room to indicate
when the batteries constituting either the emergency source of power or the
transitional source of power, referred to in 5.3.9 or 5.3.10, are being
discharged.

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5.3.13 The emergency switchboard should be supplied in normal
operation from the main switchboard by an interconnector feeder which
should be adequately protected at the main switchboard against overload
and short circuit. The arrangement at the emergency switchboard should be
such that the interconnector feeder is disconnected automatically at the
emergency switchboard upon failure of the main power supply. Where the
system is arranged for feedback operation, the interconnector feeder should
also be protected at the emergency switchboard at least against short circuit.
5.3.14 In order to ensure ready availability of emergency supplies,
arrangements should be made where necessary to disconnect nonemergency circuits automatically from the emergency switchboard to
ensure that power is available automatically to the emergency circuits.
5.3.15 The emergency generator and its prime mover and any emergency
accumulator battery should be designed to function at full rated power
when upright and when inclined up to the maximum angle of heel in the
intact and damaged condition, as determined in accordance with chapter 3.
In no case need the equipment be designed to operate when inclined more
than:
.1
258 in any direction on a column-stabilized unit;
.2
.3

158 in any direction on a self-elevating unit; and

22.58 about the longitudinal axis and/or when inclined 108
about the transverse axis on a surface unit.

5.3.16 Provision should be made for the periodic testing of the complete
emergency system. This should include the testing of automatic starting
arrangements.
5.4

Starting arrangements for emergency generators

5.4.1 Emergency generators should be capable of being readily started in

their cold condition down to a temperature of 08C. If this is impracticable,
or if lower temperatures are likely to be encountered, consideration should
be given to the provision and maintenance of heating arrangements,
acceptable to the Administration, so that ready starting will be assured.
5.4.2 Each emergency generator which is arranged to be automatically
started should be equipped with starting arrangements acceptable to the
Administration with a storage energy capability of at least three consecutive
starts. A second source of energy should be provided for an additional three
starts within 30 minutes unless hand (manual) starting can be demonstrated
to be effective.
5.4.3 Provision should be made to maintain the stored energy at all times.
5.4.4 Electrical and hydraulic starting systems should be maintained from
the emergency switchboard.

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Electrical installations for all types of units

5.4.5 Compressed air starting systems may be maintained by the main or
auxiliary compressed air receivers, through a suitable non-return valve or by
an emergency air compressor energized by the emergency switchboard.
5.4.6 All of these starting, charging and energy storing devices should be
located in the emergency generator room; these devices should not be used
for any purpose other than the operation of the emergency generator set.
This does not preclude the supply to the air receiver of the emergency
generator set from the main or auxiliary compressed air system through a
non-return valve fitted in the emergency generator room.
5.4.7 When automatic starting is not required by these requirements and
where it can be demonstrated as being effective, hand (manual) starting is
permissible, such as manual cranking, inertia starters, manual hydraulic
accumulators, or powder cartridges.
5.4.8 When hand (manual) starting is not practicable, the provisions in 5.4.2
and 5.4.3 to 5.4.6 should be complied with, except that starting may be
manually initiated.
5.5

Precautions against shock, fire and other hazards of

electrical origin

5.5.1 Exposed metal parts of electrical machines or equipment which are

not intended to be live but which are liable under fault conditions to
become live should be earthed (grounded) unless the machines or
equipment are:
.1
supplied at a voltage not exceeding 55 V direct current or 55 V,
root mean square between conductors; auto-transformers
should not be used for the purpose of achieving this voltage; or
.2
supplied at a voltage not exceeding 250 V by safety isolating
transformers supplying only one consuming device; or
.3
constructed in accordance with the principle of double
insulation.
5.5.2 The Administration may require additional precautions for portable
electrical equipment for use in confined or exceptionally damp spaces where
particular risks due to conductivity may exist.
5.5.3 All electrical apparatus should be so constructed and so installed that it
does not cause injury when handled or touched in the normal manner.
5.5.4 Where not obtained through normal construction, arrangements
should be provided to effectively earth (ground) all permanently installed
machinery, metal structures of derricks, masts and helicopter decks.
5.5.5 Switchboards should be so arranged as to give easy access, where
needed, to apparatus and equipment, in order to minimize danger to
personnel. The sides and backs and, where necessary, the fronts of
switchboards should be suitably guarded. Exposed live parts having voltages

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Chapter 5
to earth (ground) exceeding a voltage to be specified by the Administration
should not be installed on the front of such switchboards. There should be
non-conducting mats or gratings at the front and rear, where necessary.
5.5.6 Distribution systems with hull return should not be installed, but this
does not preclude, under conditions approved by the Administration, the
installation of:
.1

impressed current cathodic protective systems;

.2
.3

limited and locally earthed systems (e.g. engine starting systems);

limited and locally earthed welding systems; where the
Administration is satisfied that the equipotential of the structure
is assured in a satisfactory manner, welding systems with hull
return may be installed without this restriction; and

.4

insulation level monitoring devices provided the circulation

current does not exceed 30 mA under the most unfavourable
conditions.

5.5.7 When a distribution system, whether primary or secondary, for

power, heating or lighting, with no connection to earth is used, a device
capable of continuously monitoring the insulation level to earth and of
giving an audible or visual indication of abnormally low insulation values
should be provided.
5.5.8 Except as permitted by the Administration in exceptional circumstances, all metal sheaths and armour of cables should be electrically
continuous and should be earthed (grounded).
5.5.9 All electric cables and wiring external to equipment should be at least
of a flame-retardant type and should be so installed as not to impair their
original flame-retarding properties.* Where necessary for particular
applications, the Administration may permit the use of special types of
cables such as radio frequency cables, which do not comply with the
foregoing.
5.5.10 Cables and wiring serving essential or emergency power, lighting,
internal communications or signals should, so far as practicable, be routed
clear of galleys, machinery spaces of category A and their casings and other
high fire risk areas. Cables connecting fire pumps to the emergency
switchboard should be of a fire-resistant type where they pass through high
fire risk areas. Where practicable all such cables should be run in such a
manner as to preclude their being rendered unserviceable by heating of the
bulkheads that may be caused by a fire in an adjacent space.*
5.5.11 Cables and wiring should be installed and supported in such a
manner as to avoid chafing or other damage.
*
Refer to the recommendations published by the International Electrotechnical Commission
concerning flame-retarding properties of bunched cables and characteristics of cables of a fireresistant type.

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Electrical installations for all types of units

5.5.12 Terminations and joints in all conductors should be so made that
they retain the original electrical, mechanical, flame-retarding and, where
necessary, fire-resisting properties of the cable.
5.5.13 Each separate circuit should be protected against short circuit and
against overload, except as permitted in 7.6, or where the Administration
may exceptionally otherwise permit.
5.5.14 The rating or appropriate setting of the overload protection device
for each circuit should be permanently indicated at the location of the
protection device.
5.5.15 Lighting fittings should be so arranged as to prevent temperature
rises which could damage the cables and wiring, and to prevent surrounding
material from becoming excessively hot.
5.5.16 Accumulator batteries should be suitably housed, and compartments used primarily for their accommodation should be properly
constructed and efficiently ventilated.
5.5.17 Electrical or other equipment which may constitute a source of
ignition of flammable vapours should not be permitted in these compartments except as permitted in 5.5.19.
5.5.18 Accumulator batteries, except for batteries of self-contained
battery-operated lights, should not be located in sleeping quarters.
Administrations may permit relaxations from this requirement where
hermetically sealed batteries are installed.
5.5.19 In paint lockers, acetylene stores, and similar spaces where
flammable mixtures are liable to collect as well as any compartment
assigned principally to accumulator batteries, no electrical equipment
should be installed unless the Administration is satisfied that such
equipment is:
.1

essential for operational purposes;

.2

of a type which will not ignite the mixture concerned;

.3

appropriate to the space concerned; and

.4

appropriately certified for safe usage in the vapours or gases

likely to be encountered.

5.5.20 Electrical apparatus and cables should, where practicable, be

excluded from any compartment in which explosives are stored. Where
lighting is required, the light should come from outside, through the
boundaries of the compartment. If electrical equipment cannot be excluded
from such a compartment it should be so designed and used as to minimize
the risk of fire or explosion.

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Chapter 5
5.5.21 Where spilling or impingement of liquids could occur upon any
electrical control or alarm console, or similar electrical enclosure essential to
the safety of the unit, such equipment should have suitable protection
against the ingress of liquids.*
5.6

Internal communication

Internal means of communication should be available for transfer of

information between all spaces where action may be necessary in case of an
emergency.

Refer to IEC publication 529:1976. A standard of at least IP62 is suitable. Other

arrangements for the enclosures of electrical components may be fitted provided the
Administration is satisfied that an equivalent protection is achieved.

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Chapter 6
Machinery and electrical installations
in hazardous areas for all types of units
6.1

Zones

Hazardous areas are divided into zones as follows:

Zone 0:

in which an explosive gas/air mixture is continuously present or

present for long periods.

Zone 1:

in which an explosive gas/air mixture is likely to occur in normal

operation.

Zone 2:

in which an explosive gas/air mixture is not likely to occur, or in

which such a mixture, if it does occur, will only exist for a short
time.

6.2

Classification of hazardous areas*

6.2.1 For the purpose of machinery and electrical installations, hazardous

areas are classified as in 6.2.2 to 6.2.4. Hazardous areas not covered in this
paragraph should be classified in accordance with 6.1.
6.2.2 Hazardous areas zone 0
The internal spaces of closed tanks and pipes for active drilling mud, as well
as oil and gas products, e.g. escape gas outlet pipes, or spaces in which an oil/
gas/air mixture is continuously present or present for long periods.
6.2.3 Hazardous areas zone 1
.1

Enclosed spaces containing any part of the mud circulating

system that has an opening into the spaces and is between the
well and the final degassing discharge.

.2

Enclosed spaces or semi-enclosed locations that are below the

drill floor and contain a possible source of release such as the top
of a drilling nipple.

.3

Enclosed spaces that are on the drill floor and which are not
separated by a solid floor from the spaces in 6.2.3.2.

.4

In outdoor or semi-enclosed locations, except as provided for in

6.2.3.2, the area within 1.5 m from the boundaries of any
openings to equipment which is part of the mud system as

The identification and extent of hazardous areas in this chapter have been determined taking
into account current practice.

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specified in 6.2.3.1, any ventilation outlets of zone 1 spaces, or
any access to zone 1 spaces.
.5

Pits, ducts or similar structures in locations which would

otherwise be zone 2 but which are so arranged that dispersion of
gas may not occur.

6.2.4 Hazardous areas zone 2

6.3

.1

Enclosed spaces which contain open sections of the mud

circulating system from the final degassing discharge to the mud
pump suction connection at the mud pit.

.2

Outdoor locations within the boundaries of the drilling derrick

up to a height of 3 m above the drill floor.

.3

Semi-enclosed locations below and contiguous to the drill floor

and to the boundaries of the derrick or to the extent of any
enclosure which is liable to trap gases.

.4

Outdoor locations below the drill floor and within a radius of

3 m from a possible source of release such as the top of a drilling
nipple.

.5

The areas 1.5 m beyond the zone 1 areas specified in 6.2.3.4 and
beyond the semi-enclosed locations specified in 6.2.3.2.

.6

Outdoor areas within 1.5 m of the boundaries of any ventilation

outlet from or access to a zone 2 space.

.7

Semi-enclosed derricks to the extent of their enclosure above

the drill floor or to a height of 3 m above the drill floor,
whichever is greater.

.8

Air locks between a zone 1 and a non-hazardous area.

Openings, access and ventilation conditions affecting

the extent of hazardous areas

6.3.1 Except for operational reasons, access doors or other openings should
not be provided between a non-hazardous space and a hazardous area or
between a zone 2 space and a zone 1 space. Where such access doors or
other openings are provided, any enclosed space not referred to under 6.2.3
or 6.2.4 and having a direct access to any zone 1 location or zone 2 location
becomes the same zone as the location except that:
.1
.1.1

an enclosed space with direct access to any zone 1 location can

be considered as zone 2 if:
the access is fitted with a gastight door opening into the zone 2
space, and

.1.2

ventilation is such that the air flow with the door open is from
the zone 2 space into the zone 1 location, and

.1.3

loss of ventilation is alarmed at a manned station;

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Machinery and electrical installations in hazardous areas

.2
.2.1
.2.2
.2.3
.3
.3.1
.3.2
.3.3

an enclosed space with direct access to any zone 2 location is not

considered hazardous if:
the access is fitted with a self-closing gastight door that opens
into the non-hazardous location, and
ventilation is such that the air flow with the door open is from
the non-hazardous space into the zone 2 location, and
loss of ventilation is alarmed at a manned station;
an enclosed space with direct access to any zone 1 location is not
considered hazardous if:
the access is fitted with self-closing gastight doors forming an
airlock, and
the space has ventilation overpressure in relation to the
hazardous space, and
loss of ventilation overpressure is alarmed at a manned station.

Where ventilation arrangements of the intended safe space are considered

sufficient by the Administration to prevent any ingress of gas from the
zone 1 location, the two self-closing doors forming an airlock may be
replaced by a single self-closing gastight door which opens into the nonhazardous location and has no hold-back device.
6.3.2 Piping systems should be designed to preclude direct communication
between hazardous areas of different classifications and between hazardous
and non-hazardous areas.
6.4

Ventilation of spaces

6.4.1 Hazardous enclosed spaces should be ventilated. Where mechanical

ventilation is applied it should be such that the hazardous enclosed spaces
are maintained with underpressure in relation to the less hazardous spaces or
areas and non-hazardous enclosed spaces are maintained in overpressure in
relation to adjacent hazardous locations.
6.4.2 All air inlets for hazardous enclosed spaces should be taken from nonhazardous areas. Where the inlet duct passes through a more hazardous area
the inlet duct should have overpressure in relation to this area.
6.4.3 Each air outlet should be located in an outdoor area which, in the
absence of the considered outlet, is of the same or lesser hazard than the
ventilated space.
6.5

Emergency conditions due to drilling operations

6.5.1 In view of exceptional conditions in which the explosion hazard may

extend outside the above-mentioned zones, special arrangements should be
provided to facilitate the selective disconnection or shutdown of:
.1

ventilation systems, except fans necessary for supplying combustion air to prime movers for the production of electrical power;

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.2

main generator prime movers, including the ventilation systems

for these;

.3

emergency generator prime movers.

6.5.2 Disconnection or shutdown should be possible from at least two

strategic locations, one of which should be outside hazardous areas.
6.5.3 Shutdown systems that are provided to comply with 6.5.1 should be
so designed that the risk of unintentional stoppages caused by malfunction
in a shutdown system and the risk of inadvertent operation of a shutdown
are minimized.
6.5.4 Equipment which is located in spaces other than enclosed spaces and
which is capable of operation after shutdown as given in 6.5.1 should be
suitable for installation in zone 2 locations. Such equipment which is
located in enclosed spaces should be suitable for its intended application to
the satisfaction of the Administration. At least the following facilities should
be operable after an emergency shutdown:

6.6

emergency lighting required by 5.3.6.1.1 to 5.3.6.1.4 for half an

hour;

blow-out preventer control system;

general alarm system;

public address system; and

battery-supplied radiocommunication installations.

Electrical installations in hazardous areas

6.6.1 Electrical equipment and wiring installed in hazardous areas should be

limited to that necessary for operational purposes. Only the cables and types
of equipment described in this chapter may be installed.
6.6.2 Where, in the following, reference is made to certified types of
equipment, such equipment should be certified as suitable for the flammable
gas/air mixture which may be encountered.
6.6.3 Cables and types of electrical equipment permitted in hazardous areas
are as follows:
.1

Zone 0
Certified intrinsically safe circuits or equipment and associated
wiring.

.2

Zone 1

.2.1

Certified intrinsically safe circuits or equipment and associated

wiring.

.2.2

Certified flameproof (explosion-proof) equipment.

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Machinery and electrical installations in hazardous areas

.2.3

Certified increased safety equipment; for increased safety

motors, due consideration should be given to the protection
against overcurrent.

.2.4

Pressurized-enclosure type equipment which is certified safe or

which is to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Through runs of cables.

.2.5
.3

Zone 2

3.1

Certified instrinsically safe circuits or equipment and associated

wiring.

.3.2
.3.3

Certified flameproof (explosion-proof) equipment.

Certified increased safety equipment; for increased safety
motors, due consideration should be given to the protection
against overcurrent.
Pressurized-enclosure type equipment which is to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
Any equipment of a type which ensures absence of sparks or
arcs and of hot spots during normal operation and which is
to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Through runs of cables.

.3.4
.3.5

.3.6

6.6.4 Permanently installed, fixed cables passing through zone 1 hazardous

areas should be fitted with a conductive covering, braiding or sheath for
earth detection. Flexible cables passing through such areas should be to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
6.7

Machinery installations in hazardous areas

6.7.1 Mechanical equipment should be limited to that necessary for

operational purposes.
6.7.2 Mechanical equipment and machinery in hazardous areas should be so
constructed and installed as to reduce the risk of ignition from sparking due
to the formation of static electricity or friction between moving parts and
from high temperatures of exposed parts due to exhausts or other emissions.
6.7.3 The installation of internal combustion machinery may be permitted
in zone 1 and zone 2 hazardous areas, provided that the Administration is
satisfied that sufficient precautions have been taken against the risk of
dangerous ignition.
6.7.4 The installation of fired equipment may be permitted in zone 2
hazardous areas, provided that the Administration is satisfied that sufficient
precaution has been taken against the risk of dangerous ignition.

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Chapter 7
Machinery and electrical installations
for self-propelled units
7.1

General

7.1.1 The requirements of this chapter apply to units which are designed to
undertake self-propelled passages without external assistance and are not
applicable to units which are fitted only with means for the purpose of
positioning or of assistance in towing operations. These requirements are
additional to those in chapters 4, 5 and 6.
7.1.2 Means should be provided whereby normal operation of propulsion
machinery can be sustained or restored even though one of the essential
auxiliaries becomes inoperative. Special consideration should be given to
the malfunction of:
.1
a generator set which serves as a main source of electrical power;
.2

the sources of steam supply;

.3
4

the arrangements for boiler feedwater;

the arrangements which supply fuel oil for boilers or engines;

.5
.6

the sources of lubricating oil pressure;

the sources of water pressure;

.7

a condensate pump and the arrangements to maintain vacuum in

condensers;

.8

the mechanical air supply for boilers;

.9

an air compressor and receiver for starting or control purposes;

and
the hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical means for control in main
propulsion machinery including controllable-pitch propellers.

.10

However, the Administration, having regard to overall safety considerations, may accept a partial reduction in capability from full normal
operation.
7.1.3 Main propulsion machinery and all auxiliary machinery essential to
the propulsion and the safety of the unit should, as fitted in the unit, be
capable of operating under the static conditions required by 4.1.4 and the
following dynamic conditions:
.1
column-stabilized units 22.58 in any direction;
.2

self-elevating units 158 in any direction;

.3

surface units 22.58 rolling and simultaneously pitching 7.58 by

bow or stern.

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The Administration may permit deviation from these angles, taking into
consideration the type, size and service conditions of the unit.
7.1.4 Special consideration should be given to the design, construction and
installation of propulsion machinery systems so that any mode of their
vibrations should not cause undue stresses in this machinery in the normal
operating ranges.
7.2

Means of going astern

7.2.1 Units should have sufficient power for going astern to secure proper
control of the unit in all normal circumstances.
7.2.2 The ability of the machinery to reverse the direction of thrust of the
propeller in sufficient time and so to bring the unit to rest within a
reasonable distance from maximum ahead service speed should be
demonstrated.
7.2.3 The stopping times, unit headings and distances recorded on trials,
together with the results of trials to determine the ability of units having
multiple propellers to navigate and manoeuvre with one or more propellers
inoperative, should be available on board for the use of the master or other
designated personnel.*
7.2.4 Where the unit is provided with supplementary means for manoeuvring or stopping, these should be demonstrated and recorded as referred to in
7.2.2 and 7.2.3.
7.3

Steam boilers and boiler feed systems

7.3.1 Water tube boilers serving turbine propulsion machinery should be

fitted with a high-water-level alarm.
7.3.2 Every steam generating system which provides services essential for
the propulsion of the unit should be provided with not less than two
separate feedwater systems from and including the feed pumps, noting that a
single penetration of the steam drum is acceptable. Means should be
provided which will prevent overpressure in any part of the systems.
7.4

Machinery controls

7.4.1 Main and auxiliary machinery essential for the propulsion of the unit
should be provided with effective means for its operation and control. A
pitch indicator should be provided on the navigating bridge for
controllable-pitch propellers.
*

Reference is made to the Recommendation on the provision and display of manoeuvring information
on board ships, adopted by the Organization by resolution A.601(15).

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Machinery and electrical installations for self-propelled units

7.4.2 Where remote control of propulsion machinery from the navigating
bridge is provided and the machinery spaces are intended to be manned, the
following should apply:
.1

the speed, direction of thrust and, if applicable, the pitch of the

propeller should be fully controllable from the navigating bridge
under all sailing conditions, including manoeuvring;

.2

the remote control should be performed, for each independent

propeller, by a control device so designed and constructed that
its operation does not require particular attention to the
operational details of the machinery. Where more than one
propeller is designed to operate simultaneously, these propellers
may be controlled by one control device;

.3

the main propulsion machinery should be provided with an

emergency stopping device on the navigating bridge and
independent from the bridge control system;

.4

propulsion machinery orders from the navigating bridge should

be indicated in the main machinery control station or at the
manoeuvring platform as appropriate;

.5

remote control of the propulsion machinery should be possible

from only one station at a time; at one control station
interconnected control units are permitted. There should be at
each station an indicator showing which station is in control of
the propulsion machinery. The transfer of control between
navigating bridge and machinery spaces should be possible only
in the machinery space or machinery control room;

.6

it should be possible to control the propulsion machinery

locally, even in the case of failure in any part of the remote
control system;

.7

the design of the remote control system should be such that in

case of its failure an alarm will be given and the preset speed and
direction of thrust be maintained until local control is in
operation, unless the Administration considers it impracticable;

.8
.8.1

indicators should be fitted on the navigating bridge for:

propeller speed and direction in case of fixed-pitch propellers;

.8.2

propeller speed and pitch position in case of controllable-pitch

propellers;

.9

an alarm should be provided at the navigating bridge and in the

machinery space to indicate low starting air pressure set at a level
which still permits main engine starting operations. If the
remote control system of the propulsion machinery is designed
for automatic starting, the number of automatic consecutive
attempts which fail to produce a start should be limited to
safeguard sufficient starting air pressure for starting locally.

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Chapter 7
7.4.3 Where the main propulsion and associated machinery including
sources of main electrical supply are provided with various degrees of
automatic or remote control and are under continuous manned supervision
from a control room, this control room should be designed, equipped and
installed so that the machinery operation will be as safe and effective as if it
were under direct supervision; for this purpose 8.3 to 8.6 should apply as
appropriate. Particular consideration should be given to protection against
fire and flooding.
7.5

Steering gear

7.5.1 Except as provided in 7.5.18, units should be provided with a main

steering gear and an auxiliary steering gear to the satisfaction of the
Administration. The main steering gear and the auxiliary steering gear
should be so arranged that a single failure in one of them so far as is
reasonable and practicable will not render the other one inoperative.
7.5.2 The main steering gear should be of adequate strength and sufficient
to steer the unit at maximum service speed and this should be
demonstrated. The main steering gear and rudder stock should be so
designed that they will not be damaged at maximum astern speed but this
design requirement need not be proved by trials at maximum astern speed
and maximum rudder angle.
7.5.3 The main steering gear should, with the unit at its deepest seagoing
draught, be capable of putting the rudder over from 358 on one side to 358
on the other side with the unit running ahead at maximum service speed.
The rudder should be capable of being put over from 358 on either side to
308 on the other side in not more than 28 seconds, under the same
conditions.
7.5.4 The main steering gear should be operated by power where necessary
to fulfil the requirements of 7.5.3 and in any case in which the
Administration would require a rudder stock of over 120 mm diameter in
way of the tiller.
7.5.5 The main steering gear power unit or units should be arranged to start
automatically when power is restored after a power failure.
7.5.6 The auxiliary steering gear should be of adequate strength and
sufficient to steer the unit at navigable speed and capable of being brought
speedily into action in an emergency.
7.5.7 The auxiliary steering gear should be capable of putting the rudder
over from 158 on one side to 158 on the other side in not more than 60
seconds with the unit at its deepest seagoing draught while running at one
half of its maximum speed ahead or seven knots, whichever is the greater.
7.5.8 The auxiliary steering gear should be operated by power where
necessary to fulfil the requirements of 7.5.7, and in any case in which the

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Machinery and electrical installations for self-propelled units

Administration would require a rudder stock of over 230 mm diameter in
way of the tiller.
7.5.9 Where the main steering gear comprises two or more identical power
units an auxiliary steering gear need not be fitted if the main steering gear is
capable of operating the rudder as required by 7.5.3 while operating with all
power units. As far as is reasonable and practicable the main steering gear
should be so arranged that a single failure in its piping or in one of the power
units will not impair the integrity of the remaining part of the steering gear.
7.5.10 Control of the main steering gear should be provided both on the
navigating bridge and in the steering gear compartment. If the steering gear
control system which provides for control from the navigating bridge is
electric, it should be supplied from the steering gear power circuit from a
point within the steering gear compartment.
7.5.11 When the main steering gear is arranged according to 7.5.9 two
independent control systems should be provided, each of which can be
operated from the navigating bridge. Where the control system comprises a
hydraulic telemeter, the Administration may waive the requirements for a
second independent control system.
7.5.12 Where the auxiliary steering gear is power operated, it should be
provided with a control system operated from the navigating bridge and this
should be independent of the control system for the main steering gear.
7.5.13 Means should be provided in the steering gear compartment to
disconnect the steering gear control system from the power circuit.
7.5.14 A means of communication should be provided between the
navigating bridge and the steering gear compartment.
7.5.15 The exact angular position of the rudder, if power operated, should
be indicated on the navigating bridge. The rudder angle indication should
be independent of the steering gear control system.
7.5.16 The angular position of the rudder should be recognizable in the
steering gear compartment.
7.5.17 An alternative power supply, sufficient at least to supply a steering
gear power unit which complies with the requirement of 7.5.7 and also its
associated control system and the rudder angle indicator, should be
provided, automatically, within 45 seconds, either from the emergency
source of electrical power or from another independent source of power
located in the steering gear compartment. This independent source of
power should be used only for this purpose and should have a capacity
sufficient for 10 minutes of continuous operation.
7.5.18 Where a non-conventional rudder is installed, or where a unit is
steered by means other than a rudder, the Administration should give
special consideration to the steering system so as to ensure that an acceptable
degree of reliability and effectiveness, which is based on 7.5.1, is provided.

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Chapter 7
7.6

Electric and electrohydraulic steering gear

7.6.1 Indicators for running indication of the motors of electric and

electrohydraulic steering gear should be installed on the navigating bridge
and at a suitable machinery control position.
7.6.2 Each electric or electrohydraulic steering gear comprising one or more
power units should be served by at least two circuits fed from the main
switchboard. One of the circuits may pass through the emergency
switchboard. An auxiliary electric or electrohydraulic steering gear
associated with a main electric or electrohydraulic steering gear may be
connected to one of the circuits supplying this main steering gear. The
circuits supplying an electric or electrohydraulic steering gear should have
adequate rating for supplying all motors which can be simultaneously
connected to it and have to operate simultaneously.
7.6.3 Short-circuit protection and an overload alarm should be provided for
these circuits and motors. Protection against excess current, if provided,
should be for not less than twice the full load current of the motor or circuit
so protected, and should be arranged to permit the passage of the
appropriate starting currents. Where a three-phase supply is used, an alarm
should be provided that will indicate failure of any one of the supply phases.
The alarms required in the subparagraph should be both audible and visual
and be situated in a position on the navigating bridge where they can be
readily observed.
7.7

Communication between the navigating bridge and

the engine-room

Units should be provided with at least two independent means for

communicating orders from the navigating bridge to the position in the
machinery space or control room from which the engines are normally
controlled. One of these should be an engine-room telegraph providing
visual indication of the orders and responses both in the engine-room and
on the navigating bridge. Consideration should be given to providing a
means of communication to any other positions from which the engines
may be controlled.
7.8

Engineers alarm

An engineers alarm should be provided to be operated from the engine

control room or at the manoeuvring platform, as appropriate, and clearly
audible in the engineers accommodation.
7.9

Main source of electrical power

7.9.1 In addition to complying with 5.2, the main source of electrical power
should comply with the following:
.1

The arrangement of the units main source of power should be

such that the services referred to in 5.1.1.1 can be maintained

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Machinery and electrical installations for self-propelled units

.2

.3

regardless of the speed and direction of the main propelling

engines or shafting.
The generating plant should be such as to ensure that with any
one generator or its primary source of power out of operation,
the remaining generator or generators will be capable of
providing the electrical services necessary to start the main
propulsion plant from a dead ship condition. The emergency
generator may be used for the purpose of starting from a dead
ship condition if its capability either alone or combined with
that of any generator is sufficient to provide at the same time
those services required by 5.3.6.1 to 5.3.6.4.
For electrically self-propelled units the application of 5.2.2 need
only include for propulsion sufficient power to ensure safe
navigation when under way.

7.9.2 The main switchboard should be so placed relative to one main

generating station that, as far as is practicable, the integrity of the normal
supply may be affected only by a fire or other casualty in one space. An
environmental enclosure for the main switchboard, such as may be provided
by a machinery control room situated within the main boundaries of the
space, is not to be considered as separating the switchboards from the
generators.
7.9.3 In every unit where the total installed electrical power of the main
generators is in excess of 3 MW, the main busbars should be subdivided into
at least two parts which should normally be connected by removable links
or other approved means; so far as is practicable, the connection of
generators and any other duplicated equipment should be equally divided
between the parts. Equivalent alternative arrangements should be permitted.
7.10 Emergency source of electrical power
In addition to complying with 5.3, the emergency source of power should
provide:
.1

For a period of 18 hours, emergency lighting at the steering

gear;

.2
.2.1

For a period of 18 hours:

navigational aids as required by regulation V/12 of the 1974
SOLAS Convention;

.2.2

intermittent operation of the daylight signalling lamp and the

units whistle;

.3

unless they have an independent supply from an accumulator

battery suitably located for use in an emergency and sufficient
for the period of 18 hours;
For the period of 10 minutes, the steering gear where it is
required to be so supplied by 7.5.4.

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Chapter 8
Periodically unattended machinery
spaces for all types of unit
8.1

General

The requirements of this chapter are additional to the requirements of

chapters 4 to 7 and apply to periodically unattended machinery spaces
specified herein. The arrangements should ensure that the safety of the unit
in the marine mode, including manoeuvring, and in machinery spaces of
category A during drilling operations, where applicable, is equivalent to that
of a unit having manned machinery spaces.
8.2

Application

8.2.1 The requirements of 8.3 to 8.9 apply to units which are designed to
undertake self-propelled passages without external assistance.
8.2.2 Units other than those designed for unassisted passages, having
periodically unattended spaces in which machinery associated with the
marine mode is located, should comply with the applicable parts of 8.3, 8.4,
8.7, 8.8 and 8.9.
8.2.3 Where in any unit machinery spaces of category A for drilling
purposes are intended to be periodically unattended the application of 8.3
and 8.9 to machinery spaces of category A should be considered by the
Administration, due consideration being given to the characteristics of the
machinery concerned and to the supervision envisaged to ensure safety.
8.2.4 Measures should be taken to the satisfaction of the Administration to
ensure that the equipment of every unit is functioning in a reliable manner
and that satisfactory arrangements are made for regular inspections and
routine tests to ensure continuous reliable operation.
8.2.5 Every unit should be provided with documentary evidence, to the
satisfaction of the Administration, of its fitness to operate with periodically
unattended machinery spaces.
8.3

Fire safety

Fire prevention
8.3.1 Where necessary, oil fuel and lubricating oil pipes should be screened
or otherwise suitably protected to avoid, as far as practicable, oil spray or oil
leakages on to hot surfaces or into machinery air intakes. The number of
joints in such piping systems should be kept to a minimum and, where
practicable, leakages from high-pressure oil fuel pipes should be collected
and arrangements provided for an alarm to be given.

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Chapter 8
8.3.2 Where daily service oil fuel tanks are filled automatically, or by remote
control, means should be provided to prevent overflow spillages. Other
equipment which treats flammable liquids automatically, e.g. oil fuel
purifiers, which, whenever practicable, should be installed in a special space
reserved for purifiers and their heaters, should have arrangements to prevent
overflow spillages.
8.3.3 Where daily service oil fuel tanks or settling tanks are fitted with
heating arrangements, a high-temperature alarm should be provided if the
flashpoint of the oil fuel can be exceeded.
Fire detection
8.3.4 An approved fire detection system based on the self-monitoring
principle and including facilities for periodical testing should be installed in
periodically unattended machinery spaces.
8.3.5 The fire detection system, required by 8.3.4, should comply with the
following general requirements.
.1
This fire detection system should be so designed and the
detectors so positioned as to detect rapidly the onset of fire in
any part of those spaces and under any normal conditions of
operation of the machinery and variations of ventilation as
required by the possible range of ambient temperatures. Except
in spaces of restricted height and where their use is specially
appropriate, detection systems using only thermal detectors
should not be permitted. The detection system should initiate
audible and visual alarms distinct in both respects from the
alarms of any other system not indicating fire, in sufficient places
to ensure that the alarms are heard and observed at the locations
required by 8.7.1.
.2
After installation the system should be tested under varying
conditions of engine operation and ventilation.
.3
The fire detection system, where electrically supplied, should be
fed automatically from an emergency source of power by a
separate feeder if the main source of power fails.
8.3.6 Means should be provided in case of fire:
.1
in boiler air supply casings and exhausts (uptakes); and
.2

in scavenging air belts of propulsion machinery,

to detect fires and give alarms at an early stage, unless the Administration
considers this to be unnecessary in a particular case.
8.3.7 Internal combustion engines of 2,250 kW and above or having
cylinders of more than 300 mm bore should be provided with crankcase oil
mist detectors or engine bearing temperature monitors or equivalent
devices.

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Periodically unattended machinery spaces for all types of unit

Fire fighting
8.3.8 An approved fixed fire-extinguishing system should be provided in
units that are not required to have this provision by 9.5.
8.3.9 Provision should be made for immediate water delivery from the fire
main system at a suitable pressure, due regard being paid to the possibility of
freezing, either:
.1

by remote starting arrangements for one of the main fire pumps.

The starting positions should be provided at strategic locations
including the navigating bridge; or

.2

by permanent pressurization of the fire main system, either

.2.1

by one of the main fire pumps; or

.2.2

by a dedicated pump for the purpose with automatic starting of

one of the main fire pumps on reduction of the pressure.

8.3.10 The Administration should give special consideration to maintaining the fire integrity of the machinery spaces, to the location and
centralization of the fire-extinguishing system controls and to the required
shutdown arrangements (e.g. ventilation, fuel pumps, etc.); it may require
additional fire-extinguishing appliances and other fire-fighting equipment
and breathing apparatus.

8.4

Protection against flooding

Bilge-water level detection

8.4.1 High bilge-water level in periodically unattended machinery spaces
below the assigned load line should activate an audible and visual alarm at
the locations required by 8.7.1.
8.4.2 Bilge wells should be provided, where practicable, in periodically
unattended machinery spaces and should be large enough to accommodate
easily the normal drainage during unattended periods. They should be
located and monitored in such a way that the accumulation of liquids is
detected at pre-set levels, at normal angles of inclination.
8.4.3 Where the bilge pumps are capable of being started automatically,
means should be provided to indicate at the locations required by 8.7.1
when the influx of liquid is greater than the pump capacity or when the
pump is operating more frequently than would normally be expected. In
these cases, smaller bilge wells to cover a reasonable period of time may be
permitted. Where automatically controlled bilge pumps are provided,
special attention should be given to oil pollution prevention requirements.

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Chapter 8
8.5

Bridge control of propulsion machinery

8.5.1 In the marine mode, including manoeuvring, the speed, direction of

thrust and, if applicable, the pitch of the propeller should be fully
controllable from the navigating bridge.
8.5.2 Such remote control should be performed by a single control device
for each independent propeller, with automatic performance of all
associated services, including, where necessary, means of preventing
overload of the propulsion machinery. However, where more than one
propeller is designed to operate simultaneously, these propellers may be
controlled by a single control device.
8.5.3 The main propulsion machinery should be provided with an
emergency stopping device on the navigating bridge which should be
independent of the navigating bridge control system referred to in 8.5.2.
8.5.4 Propulsion machinery orders from the navigating bridge should be
indicated in the main machinery control station or at the propulsion
machinery control position, as appropriate.
8.5.5 Remote control of the propulsion machinery should be possible only
from one location at a time; at such locations interconnected control
positions are permitted. At each location there should be an indicator
showing which location is in control of the propulsion machinery. The
transfer of control between the navigating bridge and machinery spaces
should be possible only in the main machinery space or in the main
machinery control station. The system should include means to prevent the
propelling thrust from altering significantly when transferring control from
one location to another.
8.5.6 It should be possible for all machinery essential for propulsion and
manoeuvring to be controlled from a local position, even in the case of
failure in any part of the automatic or remote control systems.
8.5.7 The design of the remote automatic control system should be such
that in case of its failure an alarm will be given on the navigating bridge and
at the main machinery control station. Unless the Administration considers
it impracticable, the pre-set speed and direction of thrust of the propeller
should be maintained until local control is in operation.
8.5.8 Indicators should be fitted on the navigating bridge for:
.1
propeller speed and direction of rotation in the case of fixedpitch propellers; or
.2
propeller speed and pitch position in the case of controllablepitch propellers.
8.5.9 The number of consecutive automatic attempts which fail to produce
a start should be limited to safeguard sufficient starting air pressure. An
alarm should be provided to indicate low starting air pressure, set at a level
which still permits starting operations of the propulsion machinery.

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Periodically unattended machinery spaces for all types of unit

8.6

Communication

A reliable means of vocal communication should be provided between the

main machinery control station or the propulsion machinery control
position as appropriate, the navigating bridge, the engineer officers
accommodation and, on column-stabilized units, the central ballast control
station.
8.7

Alarm system

8.7.1 An alarm system should be provided in the main machinery control

station giving audible and visual indication of any fault requiring attention.
It should also:
.1

activate an audible and visual alarm at another normally manned

control station;

.2

activate the engineers alarm required by 7.8, or an equivalent

alarm acceptable to the Administration, if an alarm function has
not received attention locally within a limited time;

.3

as far as is practicable be designed on the fail-to-safety principle;

and

.4

when in the marine mode, activate an audible and visual alarm

on the navigating bridge for any situation which requires action
by the officer on watch or which should be brought to his
attention.

8.7.2 The alarm system should be continuously powered with automatic

change-over to a stand-by power supply in case of loss of normal power
supply.
8.7.3 Failure of the normal power supply of the alarm system should be
alarmed.
8.7.4 The alarm system should be able to indicate at the same time more
than one fault and the acceptance of any alarm should not inhibit another
alarm.
8.7.5 Acceptance at the position mentioned in 8.7.1 of any alarm condition
should be indicated at the positions where it has been shown. Alarms should
be maintained until they are accepted and the visual indications should
remain until the fault has been corrected, when the alarm system should
automatically reset to the normal operating condition.
8.8

Special requirements for machinery, boiler and electrical

installations

8.8.1 The special requirements for the machinery, boiler and electrical
installations should be to the satisfaction of the Administration and should
include at least the requirements of this section.

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Chapter 8
8.8.2 The main source of electrical power should comply with the
following:
.1
Where the electrical power can normally be supplied by one
generator, suitable load-shedding arrangements should be
provided to ensure the integrity of supplies to services required
for propulsion and steering as well as the safety of the unit. In
the case of loss of the generator in operation, adequate provision
should be made for automatic starting and connecting to the
main switchboard of a stand-by generator of sufficient capacity
to ensure safe navigation when under way and to ensure the
safety of the unit with automatic restarting of the essential
auxiliaries including, where necessary, sequential operations.
The Administration may dispense with this requirement for a
unit where the power necessary to ensure the functioning of the
service referred to in 5.1.1.1, except for services referred to in
1.3.17.2, is 250 kW or less.
.2

If the electrical power is normally supplied by more than one

generator simultaneously in parallel operation, provision should
be made, for instance, by load shedding, to ensure that, in case
of loss of one of these generating sets, the remaining ones are
kept in operation without overload to ensure safe navigation
when under way and to ensure the safety of the unit.

Change-over function
8.8.3 Where stand-by machines are required for other auxiliary machinery
essential to propulsion, automatic change-over devices should be provided.
An alarm should be given on automatic change-over.
Automatic control and alarm systems
8.8.4 The control systems should be such that the services needed for the
operation of the main propulsion machinery and its auxiliaries are ensured
through the necessary automatic arrangements.
8.8.5 Means should be provided to keep the starting air pressure at the
required level where internal combustion engines are used for main
propulsion.
8.8.6 An alarm system complying with 8.7 should be provided for all
important pressures, temperatures and fluid levels and other essential
parameters.
8.9

Safety systems

A safety system should be provided to ensure that serious malfunction in

machinery or boiler operations, which presents an immediate danger,
should initiate the automatic shutdown of that part of the plant and that an
alarm should be given at the locations required by 8.7.1. Shutdown of the

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Periodically unattended machinery spaces for all types of unit

propulsion system should not be automatically activated except in cases
which could lead to serious damage, complete breakdown, or explosion.
Where arrangements for overriding the shutdown of the main propelling
machinery are fitted, these should be such as to preclude inadvertent
operation. Visual means should be provided to indicate when the override
has been activated.

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Chapter 9
Fire safety
9.1

Structural fire protection

9.1.1 These requirements have been formulated principally for units having
their hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses
constructed of steel.
9.1.2 Units constructed of other materials may be accepted, provided that,
in the opinion of the Administration, they provide an equivalent standard of
safety.
Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks
9.1.3 In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire integrity
of bulkheads and decks in this section and in 9.2, the minimum fire integrity
of bulkheads and decks should be as prescribed in tables 9-1 and 9-2.
Exterior boundaries of superstructures and deckhouses enclosing accommodation, including any overhanging decks which support such accommodation, should be constructed to A-60 standard for the whole of the
portion which faces and is within 30 m of the centre of the rotary table. For
units that have a movable substructure the 30 m should be measured with
the substructure at its closest drilling position to the accommodation. The
Administration may accept equivalent arrangements.
9.1.4 The following requirements should govern application of the tables:
.1

Tables 9-1 and 9-2 should apply respectively to the bulkheads

and decks separating adjacent spaces.

.2

For determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be

applied to divisions between adjacent spaces, such spaces are
classified according to their fire risk, as shown in categories (1) to
(11) below. The title of each category is intended to be typical
rather than restrictive. The number in parenthesis preceding each
category refers to the applicable column or row in the tables:
(1)

Control stations are spaces as defined in 1.3.31.

(2)
(3)

Corridors means corridors and lobbies.

Accommodation spaces are spaces as defined in 1.3.45,
excluding corridors, lavatories and pantries containing no
cooking appliances.
Stairways are interior stairways, lifts and escalators (other
than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces)
and enclosures thereto. In this connection a stairway
which is enclosed only at one level should be regarded as
part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire
door.

(4)

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Spaces
Control stations

(1)
(1) A-0

Corridors

(2)

Accommodation spaces

(3)

Stairways

(4)

Service spaces (low risk)

(5)

Machinery spaces
of category A

(6)

80

Other machinery spaces

(d)

(2)
A-0
C

(3)

(8)

Service spaces (high risk)

(9)

Open decks

(10)

Sanitary and similar

spaces

(11)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

A-60

A-0

A-15

A-60

A-15

A-60

A-60

A-0

B-0

B-0
A-0(b)

B-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

B-0

B-0
A-0(b)

B-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

B-0
A-0(b)

B-0
A-0(b)

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

*
*

B-0
A-0(b)

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

B-0

*(a)

A-0(a)

A-60

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0(c)

A-0

(7)

Hazardous areas

(4)

See notes under table 9-2.

Licensed to Master Marine for 1 copy. IMO

A-0

(a)(c)

Chapter 9

Table 9-1 Fire integrity of bulkheads separating adjacent spaces

Table 9-2 Fire integrity of decks separating adjacent spaces

Space
below ;

Space
above ?

Control stations

(1)

(1) A-0

(2)
A-0

(3)
A-0

(4)
A-0

(5)
A-0

(6)
A-60

(7)
A-0

(8)
A-0

(9)
A-0

(10)
*

(11)
A-0

Corridors

(2) A-0

A-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

Accommodation spaces

(3) A-60

A-0

A-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

Stairways

(4) A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

Service spaces (low risk)

(5) A-15

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

Machinery spaces
of category A

(6)

A-60

A-60

A-0

Other machinery spaces

A-60

(a)

81

A-60

A-60

A-60

A-60

A-60

(7) A-15

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0(a)

*(a)

A-0

A-0

A-0

Hazardous areas

(8) A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

Service spaces (high risk)

(9) A-60

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0(c)

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

A-0

Open decks

(10) *

Sanitary and
similar spaces

(11)

A-0

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Fire safety

Notes: to be applied to tables 9-1 and 9-2, as appropriate.

(a) Where the space contains an emergency power source or components of an emergency power source adjoining a space containing a ships service generator
or the components of a ships service generator, the boundary bulkhead or deck between those spaces should be an A-60 class division.
(b) For clarification as to which note applies see 9.2.1 and 9.2.3.
(c) Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript c appears, a bulkhead or deck of the rating shown in the tables is only required when the
adjacent spaces are for a different purpose, e.g. in category (9). A galley next to a galley does not require a bulkhead but a galley next to a paint room requires
an A-0 bulkhead.
(d) Bulkheads separating the navigating bridge, chartroom and radio room from each other may be B-0 rating.
* Where an asterisk appears in the tables, the division should be of steel or equivalent material, but need not be of A class standard. However, where a deck is
penetrated for the passage of electric cables, pipes and vent ducts, such penetrations should be made tight to prevent the passage of flame and smoke.

Chapter 9
(5)

Service spaces (low risk) are lockers, store-rooms and

working spaces in which flammable materials are not
stored, drying rooms and laundries.

(6)

Machinery spaces of category A are spaces as defined in

1.3.29.
Other machinery spaces are spaces as defined in 1.3.30 other
than machinery spaces of category A.
Hazardous areas are areas as defined in 1.3.32.

(7)
(8)
(9)

Service spaces (high risk) are lockers, store-rooms and

working spaces in which flammable materials are stored,
galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, paint
rooms and workshops other than those forming part of
the machinery space.

(10) Open decks are open deck spaces, excluding hazardous

areas.
(11) Sanitary and similar spaces are communal sanitary facilities
such as showers, baths, lavatories, etc., and isolated
pantries containing no cooking appliances. Sanitary
facilities which serve a space and with access only from
that space shall be considered a portion of the space in
which they are located.
9.1.5 Continuous B class ceilings or linings in association with the
relevant decks or bulkheads may be accepted as contributing wholly or in
part to the required insulation and integrity of a division.
9.1.6 In approving structural fire protection details, the Administration
should have regard to the risk of heat transmission at intersections and
terminal points of required thermal barriers.
9.1.7 Windows and sidescuttles, with the exception of navigating bridge
windows, should be of the non-opening type. Navigating bridge windows
may be of the opening type provided the design of such windows permits
rapid closure. The Administration may permit windows and sidescuttles
outside hazardous areas to be of the opening type.
9.1.8 The fire resistance of doors should, as far as practicable, be equivalent
to that of the division in which they are fitted. External doors in
superstructures and deckhouses should be constructed to at least A-0 class
standard and be self-closing, where practicable.
9.2

Protection of accommodation spaces, service spaces and

control stations

9.2.1 All bulkheads required to be B class divisions should extend from

deck to deck and to the deckhouse side or other boundaries, unless
continuous B class ceilings or linings are fitted on both sides of the

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bulkhead, in which case the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous
ceiling or lining. In corridor bulkheads, ventilation openings may be
permitted only in and under the doors of cabins, public spaces, offices and
sanitary spaces. The openings should be provided only in the lower half of
the door. Where such an opening is in or under a door, the total net area of
any such opening or openings should not exceed 0.05 m2. When such an
opening is cut in a door it should be fitted with a grille made of noncombustible material. Such openings should not be provided in a door in a
division forming a stairway enclosure.
9.2.2 Stairs should be constructed of steel or equivalent material.
9.2.3 Stairways which penetrate only a single deck should be protected at
least at one level by A or B class divisions and self-closing doors so as to
limit the rapid spread of fire from one deck to another. Personnel lift trunks
should be protected by A class divisions. Stairways and lift trunks which
penetrate more than a single deck should be surrounded by A class
divisions and protected by self-closing doors at all levels. Self-closing doors
should not be fitted with hold-back hooks. However, hold-back
arrangements incorporating remote release fittings of the fail-safe type
may be utilized.
9.2.4 Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panellings or linings should be
divided by close fitting draught stops spaced not more than 14 m apart.
9.2.5 Except for insulation in refrigerated compartments, insulation
material, pipe and vent duct lagging, ceilings, linings and bulkheads should
be of non-combustible material. Insulation of pipe fittings for cold service
systems and vapour barriers and adhesives used in conjunction with
insulation need not be non-combustible but they should be kept to a
minimum and their exposed surfaces should have low flame spread
characteristics.* In spaces where penetration of oil products is possible,
the surfaces of the insulation should be impervious to oil or oil vapours.
9.2.6 The framing, including grounds and the joint pieces of bulkheads,
linings, ceilings and draught stops, should be of non-combustible material.
9.2.7 All exposed surfaces in corridors and stairway enclosures and surfaces
in concealed or inaccessible spaces in accommodation and service spaces and
control stations should have low flame spread characteristics. Exposed
surfaces of ceilings in accommodation and service spaces and control
stations should have low flame spread characteristics.*
9.2.8 Bulkheads, linings and ceilings may have combustible veneers
provided that the thickness of such veneers should not exceed 2 mm
within any space other than corridors, stairway enclosures and control
*
Refer to IMO resolution A.653(16) Recommendation on improved fire test procedures for
surface flammability of bulkhead, ceiling and deck finish materials, in conjunction with
resolution A.166(ES.IV) Guidelines on the evaluation of fire hazard properties of materials and
Annex I, Part I of the International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures (FTP Code).

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Chapter 9
stations where the thickness should not exceed 1.5 mm. Alternatively,
veneers which have a calorific value not exceeding 45 mJ/m2 of the area for
the thickness used may be accepted by the Administration, irrespective of
the thickness of those veneers.
9.2.9 Primary deck coverings, if applied, should be of approved material
which will not readily ignite, or give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at
elevated temperatures.*
9.2.10 Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior
surfaces should not offer an undue fire hazard in the judgement of the
Administration and should not be capable of producing excessive quantities
of smoke.
9.2.11 Ventilation ducts should be of non-combustible material. Short
ducts, however, not generally exceeding 2 m in length and with a crosssectional area not exceeding 0.02 m2 need not be non-combustible, subject
to the following conditions:
.1
these ducts should be of a material which, in the opinion of the
Administration, has a low fire risk;
.2
they may only be used at the end of the ventilation device;
.3

they should not be situated less than 600 mm, measured along
the duct, from where it penetrates any A or B class division
including continuous B class ceilings.

9.2.12 Where ventilation ducts with a cross-sectional area exceeding

0.02 m2 pass through class A bulkheads or decks, the opening should be
lined with a steel sheet sleeve unless the ducts passing through the bulkheads
or decks are of steel in the vicinity of penetrations through the deck or
bulkhead; the ducts and sleeves at such places should comply with the
following:
.1
The ducts or sleeves should have a thickness of at least 3 mm
and a length of at least 900 mm. When passing through
bulkheads, this length should be divided preferably into 450 mm
on each side of the bulkhead. These ducts, or sleeves lining such
ducts, should be provided with fire insulation. The insulation
should have at least the same fire integrity as the bulkhead or
deck through which the duct passes. Equivalent penetration
protection may be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.
.2
Ducts with a cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075 m2, except
those serving hazardous areas, should be fitted with fire dampers
in addition to meeting the requirements of 2.1. The fire damper
should operate automatically but should also be capable of being
*
Refer to IMO resolution A.687(17) Fire test procedures for ignitability of primary deck
coverings.

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Fire safety
closed manually from both sides of the bulkhead or deck. The
damper should be provided with an indicator which shows
whether the damper is open or closed. Fire dampers are not
required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded
by A class divisions, without serving those spaces, provided
those ducts have the same fire integrity as the divisions which
they pierce. The Administration may, given special considerations, permit operation from one side of a division only.
9.2.13 Ducts provided for the ventilation of machinery spaces of category
A, galleys and hazardous areas should not pass through accommodation
spaces, service spaces or control stations. However, the Administration may
permit a relaxation from this requirement, except for the ducts serving
hazardous areas passing through accommodation spaces, control stations
and galleys, provided that the ducts are:
.1
constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm for ducts
of 300 mm in width or less and of at least 5 mm for ducts of
760 mm in width and over; in the case of ducts the width or
diameter of which is between 300 mm and 760 mm, the
thickness should be obtained by interpolation;
.2
fitted with automatic fire dampers close to the boundaries
penetrated; and
.3
insulated to A-60 standard from the machinery spaces or
galleys to a point at least 5 m beyond each fire damper;
or
.4
constructed of steel in accordance with .1; and
.5
insulated to A-60 standard throughout the accommodation
spaces, service spaces or control stations.
9.2.14 Ducts provided for the ventilation of accommodation spaces,
service spaces or control stations should not pass through machinery spaces
of category A, galleys or hazardous areas. However, the Administration may
permit a relaxation from this requirement, except for the ducts passing
through hazardous areas, provided that:
.1
the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category
A or a galley are constructed of steel in accordance with
9.2.13.1;
.2
automatic fire dampers are fitted close to the boundaries
penetrated; and
.3
the integrity of the machinery space or galley boundaries is
maintained at the penetrations;
or
.4
the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category
A or a galley are constructed of steel in accordance with
9.2.13.1; and

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Chapter 9
.5

are insulated to A-60 standard within the machinery space or

galley.

9.2.15 Ventilation ducts with a cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2

passing through B class bulkheads should be lined with steel sheet sleeves
of 900 mm in length divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the
bulkhead unless the duct is of steel for this length.
9.2.16 Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges should be of
equivalent fire integrity to A class divisions. Each such exhaust duct
should be fitted with:
.1
a grease trap readily removable for cleaning;
.2

a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct;

.3

arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting off

the exhaust fans; and
fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.

.4

9.2.17 The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems should be
capable of being closed from outside the spaces being ventilated.
9.2.18 Power ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, control
stations, machinery spaces and hazardous areas should be capable of being
stopped from an easily accessible position outside the space being served.
The accessibility of this position in the event of a fire in the spaces served
should be specially considered. The means provided for stopping the power
ventilation serving machinery spaces or hazardous areas should be entirely
separate from the means provided for stopping ventilation of other spaces.
9.2.19 Windows and sidescuttles in boundaries which are required to meet
an A-60 standard which face the drill floor area should be:
.1
constructed to an A-60 standard; or
.2
protected by a water curtain; or
.3
fitted with shutters of steel or equivalent material.
9.2.20 The ventilation of the accommodation spaces and control stations
should be arranged in such a way as to prevent the ingress of flammable,
toxic or noxious gases or smoke from surrounding areas.
9.3

Means of escape

9.3.1 Within the accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations
the following requirements should be applied:
.1

In every general area which is likely to be regularly manned or in

which personnel are accommodated at least two separate escape
routes should be provided, situated as far apart as practicable, to
allow ready means of escape to the open decks and embarkation
stations. Exceptionally, the Administration may permit only one

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Fire safety
means of escape, due regard being paid to the nature and
location of spaces and to the number of persons who might
normally be accommodated or employed there.
.2

Stairways should normally be used for means of vertical escape;

however, a vertical ladder may be used for one of the means of
escape when the installation of a stairway is shown to be
impracticable.

.3

Every escape route should be readily accessible and unobstructed and all exit doors along the route should be readily
operable. Dead-end corridors exceeding 7 m in length should
not be permitted.

9.3.2 Two means of escape should be provided from every machinery space
of category A by one of the following:
.1

two sets of steel ladders, as widely separated as possible, leading

to doors in the upper part of the space similarly separated and
from which access is provided to the open deck. In general, one
of these ladders should provide continuous fire shelter from the
lower part of the space to a safe position outside the space.
However, the Administration may not require the shelter if, due
to the special arrangement or dimensions of the machinery
space, a safe escape route from the lower part of this space is
provided. This shelter should be of steel, insulated, where
necessary, to the satisfaction of the Administration and be
provided with a self-closing steel door at the lower end; or

.2

one steel ladder leading to a door in the upper part of the space
from which access is provided to the open deck and additionally,
in the lower part of the space and in a position well separated
from the ladder referred to, a steel door capable of being
operated from each side and which provides access to a safe
escape route from the lower part of the space to the open deck.
Exceptionally, the Administration may require only one means
of escape, due regard being paid to the nature and location of
spaces and to the number of persons who might normally be
employed there.

9.3.3 From machinery spaces other than those of category A, escape routes
should be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to
the nature and location of the space and whether persons are normally
employed there.
9.3.4 Lifts should not be considered as forming one of the required means
of escape.
9.3.5 Consideration should be given by the Administration to the siting of
superstructures and deckhouses such that in the event of fire at the drill floor
at least one escape route to the embarkation position and survival craft is
protected against radiation effects of that fire as far as practicable.

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Chapter 9
9.4

Fire pumps, fire mains, hydrants and hoses

9.4.1 At least two independently driven power pumps should be provided,

each arranged to draw directly from the sea and discharge into a fixed fire
main. However, in units with high suction lifts, booster pumps and storage
tanks may be installed, provided such arrangements will satisfy all the
requirements of 9.4.1 to 9.4.9.
9.4.2 At least one of the required pumps should be dedicated for firefighting duties and be available for such duties at all times.
9.4.3 The arrangements of the pumps, sea suctions and sources of power
should be such as to ensure that a fire in any one space would not put both
the required pumps out of action.
9.4.4 The capacity of the required pumps should be appropriate to the firefighting services supplied from the fire main. Where more pumps than
required are installed, their capacity should be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
9.4.5 Each pump should be capable of delivering at least one jet
simultaneously from each of any two fire hydrants, hoses and 19 mm
nozzles while maintaining a minimum pressure of 0.35 N/mm2 at any
hydrant. In addition, where a foam system is provided for protection of the
helicopter deck, the pump should be capable of maintaining a pressure of
0.7 N/mm2 at the foam installation. If the water consumption for any other
fire protection or fire-fighting purpose should exceed the rate of the
helicopter deck foam installation, this consumption should be the
determining factor in calculating the required capacity of the fire pumps.
9.4.6 Where either of the required pumps is located in a space not normally
manned and, in the opinion of the Administration, is relatively far removed
from working areas, suitable provision should be made for remote start-up
of that pump and remote operation of associated suction and discharge
valves.
9.4.7 Except as provided in 9.4.2, sanitary, ballast, bilge or general service
pumps may be accepted as fire pumps, provided that they are not normally
used for pumping oil.
9.4.8 Every centrifugal pump which is connected to the fire main should be
fitted with a non-return valve.
9.4.9 Relief valves should be provided in conjunction with all pumps
connected to the fire main if the pumps are capable of developing a pressure
exceeding the design pressure of the fire main, hydrants and hoses. Such
valves should be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in
the fire main system.
9.4.10 A fixed fire main should be provided and be so equipped and
arranged as to meet the requirements of 9.4.10 to 9.4.20.

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9.4.11 The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes should be
sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum required discharge
from the required fire pumps operating simultaneously.
9.4.12 With the required fire pumps operating simultaneously, the
pressure maintained in the fire mains should be to the satisfaction of the
Administration and be adequate for the safe and efficient operation of all
equipment supplied therefrom.
9.4.13 The fire main should, where practicable, be routed clear of
hazardous areas and be arranged in such a manner as to make maximum use
of any thermal shielding or physical protection afforded by the structure of
the unit.
9.4.14 The fire main should be provided with isolating valves located so as
to permit optimum utilization in the event of physical damage to any part of
the main.
9.4.15 The fire main should not have connections other than those
necessary for fire-fighting purposes.
9.4.16 All practical precautions consistent with having water readily
available should be taken to protect the fire main against freezing.
9.4.17 Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat should not be used for
fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants
should be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them.
9.4.18 A cock or valve should be fitted to serve each fire hose so that any
fire hose may be removed while the fire pumps are operating.
9.4.19 The number and position of the hydrants should be such that at
least two jets of water, not emanating from the same hydrant, one of which
should be from a single length of fire hose, may reach any part of the unit
normally accessible to those on board while the unit is being navigated or is
engaged in drilling operations A hose should be provided for every hydrant.
9.4.20 Fire hoses should be of material approved by the Administration
and be sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in
which they may be required to be used. Their maximum length should be
to the satisfaction of the Administration. Every fire hose should be provided
with a dual-purpose nozzle and the necessary couplings. Fire hoses, together
with any necessary fittings and tools, should be ready for use at any time and
should be kept in conspicuous positions near the water service hydrants or
connections.
9.4.21
.1

Nozzles should comply with the following requirements:

Standard nozzle sizes should be 12 mm, 16 mm and 79 mm or
as near thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles may be
permitted at the discretion of the Administration.

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.2

For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater

than 12 mm need not be used.

.3

For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle size

should be such as to obtain the maximum discharge possible
from two jets at the pressure specified in 9.4.5 from the smallest
pump, provided that a nozzle size greater than 19 mm need not
be used.

9.4.22 The surface unit should be provided with at least one international
shore connection complying with regulation II-2/19.3 and 19.4 of the 1974
SOLAS Convention.
9.4.23 Facilities should be available enabling such a connection to be used
on any side of the unit.
9.5

Fire-extinguishing systems in machinery spaces and in spaces

containing fired processes

9.5.1 In spaces where main or auxiliary oil-fired boilers and other fired
processes of equivalent thermal rating are situated, or in spaces containing
oil fuel units or settling tanks, the unit should be provided with the
following:
.1

One of the following fixed fire-extinguishing systems:

.1.1

a fixed pressure water-spraying system complying with

regulation II-2/10 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention;

.1.2

a fixed fire-extinguishing system complying with regulation

II-2/5 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention;

.1.3

a fixed high-expansion foam installation complying with

regulation II-2/9 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.
Where the machinery space and spaces containing fired
processes are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from
the latter spaces into the machinery space, the combined
machinery space and fired process space should be considered as
one compartment.

.2

At least two approved portable foam extinguishers or equivalent

in each space containing a fired process and each space in which
a part of the oil fuel installation is situated. In addition, at least
one extinguisher of the same description with a capacity of 9 l
for each burner, provided that the total capacity of the additional
extinguisher or extinguishers need not exceed 45 l for any one
space.

.3

A receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda,

or other approved dry material in such quantity as may be
required by the Administration. An approved portable extinguisher may be provided as an alternative.

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9.5.2 Spaces containing internal combustion machinery used either for
main propulsion or for other purposes, when such machinery has a total
power output of not less than 750 kW, should be provided with the
following arrangements:
.1
.2

One of the fixed arrangements required by 9.5.1.1; and

One approved foam-type extinguisher of not less than 45 l
capacity or equivalent in every engine space and one approved
portable foam extinguisher for each 750 kW of engine power
output or part thereof. The total number of portable extinguishers so supplied should be not less than two and need not exceed
six.

9.5.3 The Administration should give special consideration to the fireextinguishing arrangements to be provided in spaces not fitted with fixed
fire-extinguishing installations containing steam turbines which are
separated from boiler rooms by watertight bulkheads.
9.5.4 Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in
any machinery space for which no specific provisions for fire-extinguishing
appliances are prescribed in 9.5.1 to 9.5.3, there should be provided in, or
adjacent to, that space a number of approved portable fire extinguishers or
other means of fire extinction to the satisfaction of the Administration.
9.6

Portable fire extinguishers in accommodation, service

and working spaces

The accommodation, service and working spaces should be provided with

approved portable fire extinguishers to the satisfaction of the Administration. Approved extinguishers should comply with regulation II-2/6 of the
1974 SOLAS Convention.
9.7

Fire detection and alarm system

9.7.1 An automatic fire detection and alarm system should be provided in

all accommodation and service spaces. Sleeping quarters should be fitted
with smoke detectors. All systems or equipment installed to conform with
this paragraph should comply with regulation II-2/13 of the 1974 SOLAS
Convention.
9.7.2 Sufficient manual fire alarm stations should be installed at suitable
locations throughout the unit.
9.8

Gas detection and alarm system

9.8.1 A fixed automatic gas detection and alarm system should be provided
to the satisfaction of the Administration so arranged as to monitor
continuously all enclosed areas of the unit in which an accumulation of
flammable gas may be expected to occur and capable of indicating at the

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main control point by aural and visual means the presence and location of an
accumulation.
9.8.2 At least two portable gas monitoring devices should be provided, each
capable of accurately measuring a concentration of flammable gas.
9.9

Firemens outfits

9.9.1 At least two firemens outfits complying with the requirements of

regulation II-2/17.1 and 17.2 and two sets of personal equipment, each set
comprising the items stipulated in regulation II-2/17.1.1.1, 17.1.1.2 and
17.1.1.3 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention should be provided.
9.9.2 Spare charges should be provided for each breathing apparatus to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
9.9.3 The firemens outfits should in general be stored so as to be easily
accessible and ready for use and, where applicable, one of the outfits should
be located at a position readily accessible from any helicopter deck.
9.10 Arrangements in machinery and working spaces
9.10.1 Means should be provided for stopping ventilating fans serving
machinery and working spaces and for closing all doorways, ventilators,
annular spaces around funnels and other openings to such spaces. These
means should be capable of being operated from outside such spaces in case
of fire.
9.10.2 Machinery driving forced and induced draught fans, electric motor
pressurization fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other
similar fuel pumps should be fitted with remote controls situated outside the
space concerned so that they may be stopped in the event of a fire arising in
the space in which they are located.
9.10.3 Every oil fuel suction pipe from a storage, settling or daily service
tank situated above the double bottom should be fitted with a cock or valve
capable of being closed from outside the space concerned in the event of a
fire arising in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case
of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel, valves on the tanks should
be fitted but control in the event of fire may be effected by means of an
additional valve on the pipeline or lines outside the tunnel or tunnels.
9.11 Provisions for helicopter facilities
9.11.1 Helicopter decks of steel, aluminium or other non-combustible
materials are to be constructed to the satisfaction of the Administration and
should be of at least A-0 class, as identified in 1.3.38. Means should be
provided to prevent the collection of liquids on the helicopter deck and to
prevent liquids from spreading to or falling on other parts of the unit. The
Administration may accept an air gap of at least 1 m between the deckhouse

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Fire safety
top and the underside of the helicopter deck as an alternative to the A-0
requirement. Deckhouse tops directly below helicopter decks should have
no openings.
9.11.2 On any helicopter deck there should be provided and stored near to
the means of access to that deck:
.1

at least two dry powder extinguishers having a total capacity of

not less than 45 kg;

.2

a suitable foam application system consisting of monitors or

foam-making branch pipes capable of delivering foam solution
to all parts of the helicopter deck at a rate of not less than 6 l/min
for at least 5 min for each square metre of the area contained
within a circle of diameter D, where D is the distance in
metres across the main rotor and tail rotor in the fore-and-aft
line of a helicopter with a single main rotor and across both
rotors for a tandem rotor helicopter. The Administration may
accept other fire-fighting systems which provide a fire-extinguishing capability at least as effective as the required foam
application system;

.3

carbon dioxide extinguishers of a total capacity of not less than

18 kg or equivalent, one of these extinguishers being so
equipped as to enable it to reach the engine area of any
helicopter using the deck; and

.4

at least two dual-purpose nozzles and hoses sufficient to reach

any part of the helicopter deck.

9.11.3 A designated area should be provided for the storage of fuel tanks
which should be:
.1

as remote as is practicable from accommodation spaces, escape

routes and embarkation stations; and

.2

suitably isolated from areas containing a source of vapour

ignition.

9.11.4 The fuel storage area should be provided with arrangements

whereby fuel spillage may be collected and drained to a safe location.
9.11.5 Tanks and associated equipment should be protected against
physical damage and from a fire in an adjacent space or area.
9.11.6 Where portable fuel storage tanks are used, special attention should
be given to:
.1

design of the tank for its intended purpose;

.2

mounting and securing arrangements;

.3

electrical bonding; and

.4

inspection procedures.

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9.11.7 Storage tank fuel pumps should be provided with means which
permit shutdown from a safe remote location in the event of a fire. Where a
gravity-fed fuelling system is installed, equivalent closing arrangements
should be provided.
9.11.8 The fuel pumping unit should be connected to one tank at a time
and the piping between the tank and the pumping unit should be of steel or
equivalent material, as short as possible and protected against damage.
9.11.9 Fire-extinguishing arrangements for protection of the designated
area should be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
9.11.10 Electrical fuel pumping units and associated control equipment
should be of a type suitable for the location and potential hazard.
9.11.11 Fuel pumping units should incorporate a device which will prevent
over-pressurization of the delivery or filling hose.
9.11.12 The procedures and precautions during refuelling operations
should be in accordance with good recognized practice.
9.11.13 Attention should be paid to the electrical bonding of all equipment
used in refuelling operations.
9.11.14 NO SMOKING signs should be displayed at appropriate
locations.
9.12 Storage of gas cylinders
9.12.1 Where more than one cylinder of oxygen and more than one
cylinder of acetylene are carried simultaneously, such cylinders should be
arranged in accordance with the following:
.1

.2

.3
.4
.5
.6
.6.1

Permanent piping systems for oxyacetylene systems are acceptable provided that they are designed having due regard to
standards and codes of practice to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
Where two or more cylinders of each gas are intended to be
carried in enclosed spaces, separate dedicated storage rooms
should be provided for each gas.
Storage rooms should be constructed of steel, and be well
ventilated and accessible from the open deck.
Provision should be made for the expeditious removal of
cylinders in the event of fire.
NO SMOKING signs should be displayed at the gas cylinder
storage rooms.
Where cylinders are stowed in open locations means should be
provided to:
protect cylinders and associated piping from physical damage;

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Fire safety
.6.2

minimize exposure to hydrocarbons; and

.6.3

ensure suitable drainage.

9.12.2 Fire-extinguishing arrangements for the protection of areas or

spaces where such cylinders are stored should be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
9.13 Miscellaneous items
9.13.1 A fire control plan complying with regulation II-2/20 of the 1974
SOLAS Convention should be permanently exhibited.
9.13.2 Fire-extinguishing appliances should be kept in good order and be
available for immediate use at all times.

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Chapter 10
Life-saving appliances and equipment
10.1 General
Definitions
10.1.1 For the purpose of this chapter, unless expressly provided otherwise,
the terms used, relating to life-saving appliances, are as defined in regulation
III/3.*
Visitors are personnel not regularly assigned to the unit.
Evaluation, testing and approval of life-saving appliances
10.1.2 Life-saving appliances should be evaluated, tested and approved, as
provided in regulations III/4 and III/5.
Life-saving appliances
10.1.3

All life-saving appliances should comply with regulation III/30.2.

10.2 Survival craft

Surface units
10.2.1 Each unit should carry on each side of the unit, one or more
lifeboats complying with the requirements of regulation III/46 of such
aggregate capacity as will accommodate the total number of persons on
board.
10.2.2 In addition, each unit should carry a liferaft or liferafts, complying
with the requirements of regulations III/39 or III/40, capable of being
launched on either side of the unit and of such aggregate capacity as will
accommodate the total number of persons on board. If the liferaft or liferafts
cannot be readily transferred for launching on either side of the unit, the
total capacity available on each side should be sufficient to accommodate the
total number of persons on board.
10.2.3 Where the survival craft are stowed in a position which is more than
100 m from the stem or stern, each unit should carry, in addition to the
liferafts as provided in 10.2.2, a liferaft stowed as far forward or aft, or one as
far forward and another as far aft, as is reasonable and practicable.
Notwithstanding 10.5.6, such liferaft or liferafts may be securely fastened
so as to permit manual release.
*

Each reference to a regulation in this chapter means a regulation in the 1974 SOLAS
Convention in force prior to 1 July 1998. On that date, a thoroughly revised chapter III
(adopted by resolution MSC.47(66)) and the associated International Life-Saving Appliance
(LSA) Code (adopted by resolution MSC.48(66)) entered into force.

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Self-elevating and column-stabilized units
10.2.4 Each unit should carry lifeboats complying with the requirements of
regulation III/46, installed in at least two widely separated locations on
different sides or ends of the unit. The arrangement of the lifeboats should
provide sufficient capacity to accommodate the total number of persons on
board if:
.1

all the lifeboats in any one location are lost or rendered

unusable; or

.2

all the lifeboats on any one side, any one end, or any one corner
of the unit are lost or rendered unusable.

10.2.5 In addition, each unit should carry liferafts complying with the
requirements of regulation III/39 or III/40, of such aggregate capacity as will
accommodate the total number of persons on board.
10.2.6 In the case of a self-elevating unit where, due to its size or
configuration, lifeboats cannot be located in widely separated locations to
satisfy 102.4, the Administration may permit the aggregate capacity of the
lifeboats to accommodate only the total number of persons on board.
However, the liferafts under 10.2.5 should be served by launching
appliances complying with the requirements of regulation III/48.5 or
III/48.6.
10.3 Survival craft muster and embarkation arrangements
10.3.1 If separate, muster stations should be provided close to the
embarkation stations. Each muster station should have sufficient space to
accommodate all persons assigned to muster at that station.
10.3.2 Muster and embarkation stations should be readily accessible from
accommodation and work areas.
10.3.3 Muster and embarkation stations should be adequately illuminated
by emergency lighting.
10.3.4 Alleyways, stairways and exits giving access to the muster and
embarkation stations should be adequately illuminated by emergency
lighting.
10.3.5 Davit-launched survival craft muster and embarkation stations
should be so arranged as to enable stretcher cases to be placed in survival
craft.
Survival craft embarkation arrangements should be so designed that:

10.3.6
.1

lifeboats can be boarded by their full complement of persons

within 3 min from the time the instruction to board is given;

.2

lifeboats can be boarded and launched directly from the stowed

position;

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Life-saving appliances and equipment

.3

davit-launched liferafts can be boarded and launched from a

position immediately adjacent to the stowed position or from a
position to which the liferaft is transferred prior to launching in
compliance with 10.5.5; and

.4

where necessary, means should be provided for bringing the

davit-launched liferaft against the units side and holding it
alongside so that persons can be safely embarked.

10.3.7 At least two widely separated fixed metal ladders or stairways should
be provided extending from the deck to the surface of the water. The fixed
metal ladders or stairways and sea areas in their vicinity should be adequately
illuminated by emergency lighting.
10.3.8 If fixed ladders cannot be installed, alternative means of escape with
sufficient capacity to permit all persons on board to descend safely to the
waterline should be provided.
10.4 Survival craft launching stations
Launching stations should be in such positions as to ensure safe launching
having particular regard to clearance from any exposed propeller. As far as
possible, launching stations should be located so that survival craft can be
launched down a straight side of the unit, except for:
.1
.2

survival craft specially designed for free-fall launching; and

survival craft mounted on structures intended to provide
clearance from lower structures.

10.5 Stowage of survival craft

10.5.1

Each survival craft should be stowed:

.1
so that neither the survival craft nor its stowage arrangements
will interfere with the operation of any other survival craft or
rescue boat at any other launching station;
.2
as near the water surface as is safe and practicable;
.3

.4

.5

in a state of continuous readiness so that two crew members can

carry out preparations for embarkation and launching in less
than 5 min;
fully equipped as required by chapter III of the 1974 SOLAS
Convention; however, in the case of units operating in areas
such that, in the opinion of the Administration, certain items of
equipment are unnecessary, the Administration may allow these
items to be dispensed with;
as far as practicable, in a secure and sheltered position and
protected from damage by fire and explosion.

10.5.2 Where appropriate, the unit should be so arranged that lifeboats, in

their stowed positions, are protected from damage by heavy seas.

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Chapter 10
10.5.3

Lifeboats should be stowed attached to launching appliances.

10.5.4 Liferafts should be so stowed as to permit manual release from their

securing arrangements.
10.5.5 Davit-launched liferafts should be stowed within reach of the lifting
hooks, unless some means of transfer is provided which is not rendered
inoperable within the limits of trim and list prescribed in chapter 3 for any
damaged condition or by unit motion or power failure.
10.5.6 Every liferaft, other than those in 10.2.3, should be stowed with the
weak link of its painter permanently attached to the unit and with a floatfree arrangement complying with the requirements of regulation III/38.6 so
that the liferaft floats free and, if inflatable, inflates automatically when the
unit sinks.
10.6 Survival craft launching and recovery arrangements
10.6.1 Launching appliances complying with the requirements of regulation III/48.1 and III/48.2, III/48.4 or III/48.6, as applicable, should be
provided for all lifeboats and davit-launched liferafts. Notwithstanding
regulation III/48.1.1, for column-stabilized units, launching appliances
should be capable of operating at the list and trim resulting from any
damaged condition under chapter 3.
10.6.2 Launching and recovery arrangements should be such that the
appliance operator on the unit is able to observe the survival craft at all times
during launching and lifeboats during recovery.
10.6.3 Only one type of release mechanism should be used for similar
survival craft carried on board the unit.
10.6.4 Preparation and handling of survival craft at any one launching
station should not interfere with the prompt preparation and handling of
any other survival craft or rescue boat at any other station.
10.6.5 Falls, where used, should be long enough for the survival craft to
reach the water with the unit under unfavourable conditions, such as
maximum air-gap, lightest transit or operational condition or any damaged
condition, as described in chapter 3.
10.6.6 During preparation and launching, the survival craft, its launching
appliance and the area of water into which it is to be launched should be
adequately illuminated by emergency lighting.
10.6.7 Means should be available to prevent any discharge of fluids on to
survival craft during abandonment.
10.6.8 All lifeboats required for abandonment by the total number of
persons permitted on board, should be capable of being launched with their
full complement of persons and equipment within 10 min from the time the
signal to abandon the unit is given.

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10.6.9 Manual brakes should be so arranged that the brake is always applied
unless the operator, or a mechanism activated by the operator, holds the
brake control in the off position.
10.6.10 Each survival craft should be so arranged as to clear each leg,
column, footing, brace, mat and each similar structure below the hull of a
self-elevating unit and below the upper hull of a column-stabilized unit,
with the unit in an intact condition. The Administration may allow a
reduction in the total number of survival craft meeting this requirement
when the unit is in the transit mode and the number of personnel on board
has been reduced. In such cases, sufficient survival craft to meet the
requirements of this chapter, including 10.2, should be available for use by
those personnel remaining on board.
10.6.11 In any case of damage specified in chapter 3, lifeboats with an
aggregate capacity of not less than 100% of persons on board should, in
addition to meeting all other requirements of launching and stowage
contained in this chapter, be capable of being launched clear of any
obstruction.
10.6.12 Consideration should be given to the location and orientation of
the survival craft with reference to MODU design such that clearance of the
unit is achieved in an efficient and safe manner having due regard to the
capabilities of the survival craft.
10.6.13 Notwithstanding the requirements of regulation III/48.2.6, the
speed of lowering need not be greater than 1 m/s.
10.7 Rescue boats
Each unit should carry at least one rescue boat complying with regulation
III/47. A lifeboat may be accepted as a rescue boat, provided that it also
meets the requirements for a rescue boat.
10.8 Stowage of rescue boats
Rescue boats should be stowed:
.1
in a state of continuous readiness for launching in not more than
5 min;
.2
in a position suitable for launching and recovery;
.3
so that neither the rescue boats nor their stowage arrangements
will interfere with the operation of any survival craft at any other
launching station;
.4
in compliance with 10.5, if they are also lifeboats.
10.9 Rescue boat embarkation, launching and recovery arrangements
10.9.1 The rescue boat embarkation and launching arrangements should be
such that the rescue boat can be boarded and launched in the shortest
possible time.

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Chapter 10
10.9.2

Launching arrangements should comply with 10.6.

10.9.3 Rapid recovery of the rescue boat should be possible when loaded
with its full complement of persons and equipment. If the rescue boat is also
a lifeboat, rapid recovery should be possible when loaded with its lifeboat
equipment and the approved rescue boat complement of at least six persons.
10.10 Lifejackets
10.10.1 A lifejacket complying with the requirements of regulation III/32.1
or III/32.2 should be provided for every person on board the unit. In
addition, a sufficient number of lifejackets should be stowed in suitable
locations for those persons who may be on duty in locations where their
lifejackets are not readily accessible.
10.10.2 Each lifejacket should be fitted with a light complying with the
requirements of regulation III/32.3.
10.11 Immersion suits
10.11.1 Each unit should carry an immersion suit complying with the
requirements of regulation III/33 for each person on board. In addition, a
sufficient number of immersion suits should be stowed in suitable locations
for those persons who may be on duty in locations where their immersion
suits are not readily accessible.
10.11.2 Immersion suits need not be carried if the unit is constantly in
operation in warm climates where, in the opinion of the Administration,
immersion suits are unnecessary.
10.12 Lifebuoys
10.12.1 At least eight lifebuoys of a type complying with the requirements
of regulation III/31 should be provided on each unit. The number and
placement of lifebuoys should be such that a lifebuoy is accessible from
exposed locations. Surface units over 100 m in length should carry not less
than the number of lifebuoys prescribed in the following table:
Length of unit
in metres

Minimum number
of lifebuoys

100 and under 150

10

150 and under 200

12

200 and over

14

10.12.2 Not less than one-half of the total number of lifebuoys should be
provided with self-igniting lights of an approved electric battery type
complying with the requirements of regulation III/31.2. Not less than two
of these should also be provided with self-activating smoke signals

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Life-saving appliances and equipment

complying with the requirements of regulation III/31.3 and be capable of
quick release from the navigating bridge main control station, or a location
readily available to operating personnel. Lifebuoys with lights and those
with lights and smoke signals should be equally distributed on both sides of
the unit and should not be the lifebuoys provided with lifelines in
compliance with the requirements of 10.12.3.
10.12.3 At least two lifebuoys in widely separated locations should each be
fitted with a buoyant lifeline, the length of which should be at least oneand-a-half times the distance from the deck of stowage to the waterline at
light draught or 30 m, whichever is greater.
10.12.4 Each lifebuoy should be marked in block capitals of the Roman
alphabet with the name and port of registry of the unit on which it is carried.
10.13 Radio life-saving appliances
Two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus
10.13.1 All lifeboats should carry a two-way VHF radiotelephone
apparatus. In addition, at least two such apparatuses should be available
on the MODU, so stowed that they can be rapidly placed in any liferaft. All
two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus should conform to performance
standards not inferior to those adopted by the Organization.*
Radar transponder
10.13.2 All lifeboats should carry a radar transponder. In addition, at least
two radar transponders should be available on the MODU, so stowed that
they can be rapidly placed in any liferaft. All radar transponders should
conform to performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the
Organization.{
10.14 Distress flares
Not less than 12 rocket parachute flares complying with the requirements of
regulation III/35 should be carried and be stowed on or near the navigating
bridge. If the unit does not have a navigating bridge, the flares should be
stowed in a location approved by the Administration.
10.15 Line-throwing appliances
A line-throwing appliance complying with the requirements of regulation
III/49 should be provided.
*
Refer to the Performance standards for survival craft two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus,
adopted by the Organization by resolution A.809(19), and to regulation III/6.2.1.2 of the 1988
SOLAS amendments which may be applied to units.
{
Refer to the Performance standards for survival craft radar transponders for use in search and
rescue operations, adopted by the Organization by resolution A.802(19).

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Chapter 10
10.16 Emergency warnings
10.16.1 Each unit should be provided with a general alarm system so
installed as to be clearly perceptible in all parts of the unit. Control stations
for activating the alarm should be installed to the satisfaction of the
Administration. The number of signals used should be limited to the
following: general emergency signal, fire alarm signal and abandon unit
signal. These signals should be described in the muster list.
10.16.2 The warning signals given over the general alarm system should be
supplemented by instructions over a public address system.
10.17 Operating instructions
Illustrations and instructions should be provided on or in the vicinity of
survival craft and their launching controls and should:
.1

illustrate the purpose of controls and the procedures for

operating the appliance and give relevant instructions or
warnings;

.2

be easily seen under emergency lighting conditions; and

.3

use symbols in accordance with the recommendations of the

Organization.

10.18 Operational readiness, maintenance and inspections

Operational readiness
10.18.1 Before the unit leaves port and at all times during operation and
transit, all life-saving appliances should be in working order and ready for
immediate use.
Maintenance
10.18.2 Instructions for on-board maintenance of life-saving appliances
complying with the requirements of regulation III/52 should be provided
and maintenance should be carried out accordingly.
10.18.3 The Administration may accept, in lieu of the instructions in
10.18.2, a planned maintenance programme which includes the requirements of regulation III/52.
10.18.4 Falls used in launching should be turned end for end at intervals of
not more than 30 months and be renewed when necessary due to
deterioration of the falls or at intervals of not more than 5 years, whichever
is the earlier. Where a fall cannot be turned end for end a careful inspection
should take place after 24 months. If the inspection shows that the fall is
faultless it need not be changed for another period of 24 months. However,
a fall which cannot be turned end for end should always be changed at
intervals of not more than 4 years.

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Spares and repair equipment
10.18.5 Spares and repair equipment should be provided for life-saving
appliances and their components which are subject to excessive wear or
consumption and need to be replaced regularly.
Weekly inspections
10.18.6 The following tests and inspections should be carried out weekly:
.1
all survival craft, rescue boats and launching appliances should
be visually inspected to ensure that they are ready for use;
.2
all engines in lifeboats and rescue boats should be run ahead and
astern for a total period of not less than 3 min;
.3
the general alarm system should be tested.
Monthly inspections
10.18.7 Inspection of the life-saving appliances, including lifeboat equipment and emergency lighting, should be carried out monthly using the
checklist required by regulation III/52.1 to ensure that they are complete
and in good order. A report of the inspection should be entered in the logbook.
Servicing of inflatable liferafts, inflatable lifejackets and inflated rescue boats
10.18.8

Every inflatable liferaft and inflatable lifejacket should be serviced:

.1

at intervals not exceeding 12 months. However, in cases where

it appears proper and reasonable, the Administration may extend
this period to 17 months;

.2

at an approved servicing station which is competent to service

them, maintains proper servicing facilities and uses only properly
trained personnel.*

10.18.9 All repairs and maintenance of inflated rescue boats should be

carried out in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Emergency
repairs may be carried out on board the unit; however, permanent repairs
should be effected at an approved servicing station.
Periodic servicing of hydrostatic release units
10.18.10
.1

Hydrostatic release units should be serviced:

at intervals not exceeding 12 months. However, in cases where
it appears proper and reasonable, the Administration may extend
this period to 17 months;

Refer to the Recommendation on conditions for the approval of servicing stations for
inflatable liferafts, adopted by the Organization by resolution A.761(18).

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Chapter 10
.2

at a servicing station which is competent to service them,

maintains proper servicing facilities and uses only properly
trained personnel.

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Chapter 11
Radiocommunication installations
11.1 Application
11.1.1 The purpose of this chapter is to provide minimum requirements
for distress and safety radiocommunications between mobile offshore
drilling units and coast stations, ships and supporting aircraft in the maritime
mobile service.
11.1.2 The requirements are applicable to the following modes of
operation of mobile offshore drilling units:
.1

when under way self-propelled;

.2

when towed, or self-propelled and accompanied by escort ships;

and

.3

when stationary at the site or engaged in drilling operations.

11.2 General
Coastal States in common areas of interest should, to the extent possible,
establish similar radiocommunication requirements to avoid confusion in
case any ancillary craft have to divert to another coastal State in an
emergency.

11.3 Self-propelled units under way

Each unit, while under way at sea, should comply with the applicable
provisions concerning radiocommunications for ships prescribed in
chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments.*

11.4 Units when towed, or self-propelled and accompanied

by escort ships
11.4.1 The requirements for non-self-propelled units under tow when
manned depend upon the radio installations fitted in the towing ship, as set
out in paragraphs 11.4.2 and 11.4.3.
*
All requirements of chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments referred to from the
position the ship is normally navigated should be applied as meaning from the position the
MODU is normally navigated.

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Chapter 11
11.4.2 In cases where the towing ship complies fully with all applicable
requirements concerning radiocommunications for ships prescribed in
chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments, the non-self-propelled unit
under tow when manned should:
.1

be fitted with VHF facilities as required by regulations IV/7.1.1*

and 7.1.2 of the 1988 SOLAS amendments and with MF
facilities as required by regulations IV/9.1.1 and 9.1.2;

.2

be fitted with the satellite EPIRB or EPIRB required by

regulation IV/7.1.6, as appropriate, for the area in which the
MODU is being towed; and

.3

be fitted with equipment for automatic reception of navigational

and meteorological warnings in accordance with regulations
IV/7.1.4 and IV/7.1.5, as appropriate, of the 1988 SOLAS
amendments.

11.4.3 In cases where the towing ship does not comply fully with the
applicable requirements concerning radiocommunications for ships prescribed in chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments, the MODU under
tow when manned should comply with all the applicable provisions
concerning radiocommunications prescribed in chapter IV of the 1988
SOLAS amendments.*
11.4.4 Each self-propelled unit accompanied by one or more escort vessels
should comply with the provisions of 11.3.

11.5 Units stationary at the site or engaged in drilling operations

11.5.1 Each unit while stationary at the site, including when engaged in
drilling operations, should comply with all requirements prescribed in
chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments that are applicable to a ship
sailing through the same area.{
11.5.2 Taking into account the different types of accident which may occur
on the MODU, additional radio equipment should be installed in a room or
position, which could be the bridge or an emergency control room, situated
as far as practicable from the radio equipment fitted in compliance with
section 11.5.1, so that no single accident in any part of the MODU could
deprive the MODU of all facilities for radiocommunications.
*

All requirements of chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments referring to from the
position the ship is normally navigated should be applied as meaning from a position which is
continuously manned and which is controlling the MODU while under tow.
{
All requirements of chapter IV of the 1988 SOLAS amendments referring to from the
position at which the ship is normally navigated should be applied as meaning from a position
(or from the positions) which is continuously manned and which is controlling the MODU
while stationary at the site including its drilling operations (i.e. normally the control room).

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Radiocommunication installations
The additional radio equipment should comply with the following
regulations of the 1988 SOLAS amendment for MODUs drilling in:
.1
sea area A1, the equipment prescribed by regulation IV/7.1.1;
.2
sea area A2, the equipment prescribed by regulations IV/7.1.1
and IV/9.1.1;
.3
sea area A3, the equipment prescribed in regulations IV/7.1.1
and IV/10.1.1, plus 10.1.2; or alternatively, as required by
regulations IV/7.1.1 and 10.2.1;
.4
sea area A4, the equipment prescribed by regulations IV/7.1.1
and IV/10.2.1.
11.5.3 If the acoustic noise level in a room fitted with operating controls
for radio equipment is so high or could be so high, during particular
operating conditions, that it may disturb or prevent proper use of the radio
equipment, then adequate noise protection should be provided by
mechanical or other means, in association with the operating controls for
the radio equipment.
11.6 Helicopter communications
In order to ensure communication with helicopters, MODUs serviced by
helicopters should carry an aeromobile VHF radiotelephone station
complying with the relevant requirements of ICAO.
11.7 Internal communications
All types of MODUs should be fitted with efficient means of communication between the control room, the bridge (if provided) and position or
positions fitted with facilities for operation of radio equipment.
11.8 Performance standards
11.8.1 All radio equipment should be of a type approved by the
Administration issuing the licence. Subject to section 11.8.2, such
equipment should conform to appropriate performance standards not
inferior to those adopted by the Organization.*
*

Refer to the following resolutions adopted by the Organization:

.1 Resolution A.525(13): Performance standards for narrow-band direct-printing
telegraph equipment for the reception of navigational and meteorological
warnings and urgent information to ships.
.2 Resolution A.694(17): General requirements for shipborne radio equipment
forming part of the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and for
electronic navigational aids.
.3 Resolution A.808(19): Performance standards for ship earth stations capable of
two-way communications and resolution A.570(14): Type approval of ship earth
stations.
.4 Resolution A.803(19): Performance standards for shipborne VHF radio
installations capable of voice communication and digital selective calling, as
amended, and resolution MSC.68(68), annex 1 (valid for equipment installed on
or after 1 January 2000). (continued on following page)

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11.8.2 Equipment installed prior to 1 February 1992 may be exempted
from full compliance with the appropriate performance standards at the
discretion of the Administration, provided that the equipment is compatible
with equipment complying with the performance standards, having due
regard to the criteria which the Organization may adopt in connection with
such standards.

11.9 Gas explosion danger

Any radio equipment installed in a zone as defined in section 6.1 should
comply with regulation IV/14 of the 1988 SOLAS amendments.

_
(footnote continued from previous page)
.5 Resolution A.804(19): Performance standards for shipborne MF radio installations capable of voice communication and digital selective calling, as amended,
and resolution MSC.68(68), annex 2 (valid for equipment installed on or after
1 January 2000).
.6 Resolution A.806(19): Performance standards for shipborne MF/HF radio
installations capable of voice communication, narrow-band direct-printing and
digital selective calling, as amended, and resolution MSC.68(68), annex 3 (valid
for equipment installed on or after 1 January 2000).
.7 Resolution A.810(19): Performance standards for float-free satellite emergency
position-indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) operating on 406 MHz (see also
resolution A.696(17): Type approval of satellite emergency position-indicating
radio beacons (EPIRBs) operating in the COSPASSARSAT system).
.8 Resolution A.802(19): Performance standards for survival craft radar transponders for use in search and rescue operations.
.9 Resolution A.805(19): Performance standards for float-free VHF emergency
position-indicating radio beacons.
.10 Resolution A.807(19): Performance standards for Inmarsat-C ship earth stations
capable of transmitting and receiving direct-printing communications, as
amended, and resolution MSC.68(68), annex 3 (valid for equipment installed
on or after 1 January 2000), and resolution A.570(14): Type approval of ship
earth stations.
.11 Resolution A.664(16): Performance standards for enhanced group call equipment.
.12 Resolution A.812(19): Performance standards for float-free satellite emergency
position-indicating radio beacons operating through the geostationary Inmarsat
satellite system on 1.6 GHz.
.13 Resolution A.662(16): Performance standards for float-free release and activation
arrangements for emergency radio equipment.
.14 Resolution A.699(17): System performance standard for the promulgation and
co-ordination of maritime safety information using high-frequency narrow-band
direct printing.
.15 Resolution A.700(17): Performance standards for narrow-band direct-printing
telegraph equipment for the reception of navigational and meteorological
warnings and urgent information to ships (MSI) by HF.
.16 Resolution A.811(19): Performance standards for a shipborne integrated
radiocommunication system (IRCS) when used in the GMDSS.
.17 Resolution MSC.80(70), annex 1: Performance standards for on-scene
(aeronautical) two-way portable VHF radiotelephone apparatus.

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Radiocommunication installations
11.10

Survey of the radio station

11.10.1 The radio station of a unit should be subject to survey as specified

below:
.1

by the Administration which issues the licence or its authorized

representative before the radio station is put into service;

.2

when the unit is moved and comes under the administrative

control of another coastal State a survey may be carried out by
that State or its authorized representative;

.3

once every 12 months, carried out by an officer of the

Administration and/or the coastal State or their respective
authorized representative.

11.10.2 The Administration may recognize the coastal State as its

authorized representative.
11.10.3 In every case when an authorized representative of the coastal State
carries out an inspection, a report should be issued and kept with the radio
documents, and a copy, if requested, should be forwarded to the
Administration.

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Chapter 12
Lifting devices
12.1 Cranes
12.1.1 Each crane, including its supporting structure, which is used for the
transfer of material, equipment or personnel between the unit and attending
vessels should be of a design and construction to the satisfaction of the
Administration and adequate for the service intended in accordance with
the requirements of a recognized classification society or with national or
international standards or codes.
12.1.2 Cranes should be so located and protected as to reduce to a
minimum any danger to personnel, due regard being paid to moving parts
or other hazards. Their design should have regard to the materials used in
construction, the working conditions to which they will be subjected and
the environmental conditions. Adequate provisions should be made to
facilitate cleaning, inspection and maintenance.
12.1.3 Consideration should be given to the failure mode for each crane in
the event of extreme overload so that the crane operator is exposed to
minimum danger.
12.1.4 An officer of the Administration or a duly authorized person or
organization should survey the installation of each crane, with particular
regard to its supporting structure.
12.1.5 After each crane has been erected on board, and before it is placed in
service, operational and load tests should be conducted. These tests should
be witnessed and verified by an officer of the Administration or a duly
authorized person or organization. A record of these tests and other
information concerning initial certification should be readily available.
12.1.6 Each crane should be examined at intervals not exceeding 12
months. It should be further tested and recertified, at intervals not
exceeding 5 years, or after substantial alteration or repairs. These tests
should be witnessed and verified by an officer of the Administration or a
duly authorized person or organization. A record of these examinations,
tests and certifications should be readily available.
12.1.7 Cranes used for loading and discharging of offshore supply vessels
should be furnished with rating tables or curves which take into account the
dynamics associated with the units and vessels motions.
12.1.8 Except when loads are determined and marked prior to lifting, each
crane should be fitted, to the satisfaction of the Administration, with a safety
device to give the crane operator a continuous indication of hook load and
rated load for each radius. The indicator should give a clear and continuous
warning when approaching the rated capacity of the crane.

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Chapter 12
12.1.9 The Administration should give consideration to the installation of
limit switches to provide for the safe operation of the crane.
12.1.10 A crane manual should be provided for each crane and should be
readily available. This manual should contain full information concerning:
.1
design standard, operation, erection, dismantling and transportation;
.2
all limitations during normal and emergency operations with
respect to safe working load, safe working moment, maximum
wind, maximum heel and trim, design temperatures and braking
systems;
.3
.4
.5
.6

all safety devices;

diagrams for electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems and
equipment;
materials used in construction, welding procedures and extent
of non-destructive testing; and
guidance on maintenance and periodic inspection.

12.2 Personnel lifts

12.2.1 Personnel lifts should be of a design acceptable to the Administration and adequate for the service intended.
12.2.2 The construction and installation should be surveyed by an officer
of the Administration or a duly authorized person or organization. The
inspections should be carried out on installation and at intervals not
exceeding 12 months and certificates or reports should be readily available.
12.2.3 Each lift car in a column of a column-stabilized unit should provide
for an emergency exit with an escape ladder in the hoistway.
12.3 Drilling derricks
The design of each drilling derrick and its supporting structure should be to
the satisfaction of the Administration. The rated capacity for each reeving
should be included in the operating manual.

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Chapter 13
Helicopter facilities*
13.1 General
Each helicopter deck should be of sufficient size and located so as to provide
a clear take-off and approach to enable the largest helicopter using the
helideck to operate under the most severe conditions anticipated for
helicopter operations.
13.2 Definitions
13.2.1 Helideck is a purpose-built helicopter landing platform located on a
mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU).
13.2.2 RD means the main rotor diameter of the largest single-rotor
helicopter intended to use the facility.
13.2.3 LD means the largest dimension of the helicopter when the rotors
are turning.
13.2.4 Obstacle-free sector is a sector formed by an arc originating at the
reference point of the edge of a helideck and extending outward in the
horizontal plane level with the elevation of the helideck.
13.2.5 Limited obstacle sector is a sector extending outward which is formed
by that portion of the 3608 arc, excluding the obstacle-free sector, the centre
of which is the reference point from which the obstacle-free sector is
determined. Obstacles within the limited obstacle sector are limited to
specified heights.
13.3 Construction
13.3.1 The helideck should be of a design and construction, adequate for
the intended service and for the appropriate prevailing climatic conditions,
approved to the satisfaction of the Administration.
13.3.2 For adverse climates as determined by the coastal State, taking into
account the type of helicopter used, the conditions of wind, turbulence, sea
state, water temperature and icing conditions, the helideck should meet the
following requirements with reference to ICAO Annex 14, Volume II
(Heliports):
.1

the helideck should be of sufficient size to contain an area within

which can be drawn a circle of diameter not less than LD for

Reference is made to regulations of national civil aviation authorities in the units area of
operation, applicable international standards of the International Civil Aviation Organization
(ICAO) and recommended practices developed in accordance with the Memorandum of
Understanding between IMO and ICAO.

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Chapter 13
single main rotor helicopters and not less than 0.9LD for
tandem main rotor helicopters;
.2

where the provisions of 13.3.2.1 cannot be met for helicopters

having tandem main rotors, the helideck may be in the form of a
rectangle with a small side not less than 0.75LD and a long side
not less than 0.9LD, but within this rectangle, bidirectional
landings only should be permitted in the direction of the 0.9LD
dimension. Where necessary for design purposes, any corners of
the rectangle may be omitted, provided that neither of the two
sides forming the right angle of the omitted triangle exceeds 5 m
in length;

.3

the obstacle-free sector should be not less than 2108;

.4

for single main rotor and side-by-side twin main rotor

helicopters, within the 1508 limited obstacle sector out to a
distance of 0.62LD, measured from the centre of the helideck,
objects should not exceed a height of 0.05LD above the
helideck. Beyond that arc, out to an overall distance of 0.83LD,
the limited obstacle sector rises at a rate of one unit vertically for
each two units horizontally (see figure 13-1);

.5

for omnidirectional operations by tandem main rotor helicopters, within the 1508 limited obstacle-free sector out to a
distance of 0.62LD, measured from the centre of the helideck,
no fixed obstacles should be allowed. Beyond that arc, out to an
overall distance of 0.83LD, the obstacle height is limited to
0.05LD (see figure 13-2);

.6

for bidirectional operations by tandem main rotor helicopters,

within the 0.62LD arc in the 1508 limited obstacle-free sector,
objects should not penetrate a level surface which has a height
equivalent to 1.1 m above the helideck (see figure 13-3);

.7

in the immediate vicinity of the helideck, over an area of at least

1808 with the origin at the centre of the helideck, obstacles such
as booms, derricks, sponsons, etc., should not protrude beyond
a descending gradient having a ratio of one unit horizontal to
five units vertically measured from the edge of the helideck
downward.

13.3.3 For moderate climates as determined by the coastal State, taking

into account the type of helicopter used, the conditions of wind,
turbulence, sea state, water temperature and icing conditions, the helideck
should meet the following requirements:
.1

the helideck should be of sufficient size to contain a circle of

diameter equal to RD. In the case of MODUs expected to be
routinely serviced by tandem main rotor helicopters, the
helideck should be of sufficient size to contain a circle of
diameter equal to at least 0.75LD;

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Helicopter facilities
.2

the helicopter deck should have an obstacle-free sector of at least

1808 free of obstructions. The reference point for this sector
should be a point on the periphery of the circle referenced in
paragraph 13.3.3.1, as shown in figure 13-4;

.3

the limited obstacle sector should extend out to a distance of

0.83RD for general operating areas. This distance should be
measured from the centre of the helicopter deck. Obstructions
in the limited obstacle sector should not extend above a plane
measured vertically from the edge of the deck with rise at a rate
not exceeding one unit vertically for each two units horizontally
from the edge of the helideck (see figure 13-4).
The helideck should have a skid-resistant surface.

13.3.4

13.3.5 Where the helideck is constructed in the form of a grating, the

underdeck should be such that the ground effect is maintained.
13.4 Arrangements
13.4.1 The helideck should be free of projections except that landing lights
or other essential projections may be installed around the periphery of the
deck provided they do not rise more than 0.15 m above the level of the
deck.
13.4.2 The helideck should have recessed tie-down points for securing a
helicopter.
13.4.3 The periphery of the helideck should be fitted with a safety net
except where structural protection exists. The net should be inclined
upwards and outwards from below the edge of the helideck to a horizontal
distance of 1.5 m and should not rise more than 0.15 m above the edge of
the deck.
13.4.4 The helideck should have both a main and an emergency personnel
access route located as far apart from each other as practicable.
Reference should be made to 9.11.1 concerning helideck drainage.

13.4.5

13.5 Visual aids

13.5.1 A wind direction indicator should be located on the unit which, in
so far as is practicable, indicates the actual wind conditions over the
helideck. Units on which night helicopter operations take place should have
provisions to illuminate the wind direction indicator.
The helideck should be marked as follows:

13.5.2
.1

the perimeter with a continuous white line with a width of

0.3 m;

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Chapter 13
.2

the units name should be provided on the helideck and be

positioned on the obstacle side with characters not less than
1.2 m in height and in a colour contrasting with the
background;

.3

an aiming circle, concentric to the helideck, painted yellow with

an inside diameter equal to 0.5LD. The width of the line should
be 1 m;

.4

a white H centred on the landing area with the horizontal on

the bisector of the obstacle-free sector. The H should be 3 m
high, 1.8 m wide with 0.4 m wide lines; and
the helideck obstacle-free sector marking should indicate the
origin of the obstacle-free sector, the direction of the limits of
the sector and the design dimensions (the LD or RD value) of
the helideck, as shown in figure 13-5.

.5

13.5.3.1 The helideck should be fitted with omnidirectional yellow lights

in order to enable the landing area to be easily identified at night. These
lights should be uniformly positioned along the perimeter of the helideck
and not more than 3 m apart. The Administration may allow the
substitution of red lights for yellow lights to indicate the position of cranes,
and in the case of self-elevating units legs.
13.5.3.2 Helideck floodlights, where fitted, should be located so as to avoid
glare to pilots. The arrangements and aiming of floodlights should be such
that helideck markings are illuminated and that shadows are kept to a
minimum.

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Helicopter facilities

15
210 obstacle-free sector
for take-off and approach

LD

Limited obstacle sector

of 150 (Alternative
positions on the periphery
and swinging the whole
sector 15 from that
shown may be used in
satisfying the requirements)

Point
of
origin

PLAN VIEW
Obstacle limited
to 1:2 slope

15

Object height
limited to
0.05LD

0.83LD
0.62LD
Landing area level
LD
00091

PROFILE VIEW

Figure 13-1 Helideck obstacle limitation sector:

single main and side-by-side twin rotor helicopters in adverse climate

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Chapter 13

15

Obstacle-free

150 sector
(Alternative positions on
the periphery and swinging
the whole sector 15 from
that shown may be used in
satisfying requirements)

ee

-fr

le
ac

bs

Final approach and

take-off area

A
0.
9L

Obstacle-free

Obstacles limited
to 0.05LD

LD = Helicopter largest
overall dimension

Obstacle-free

15

Landing area level

00092

0.83LD
0.62LD
Section AA

Figure 13-2 Helideck obstacle limitation sectors:

tandem main rotor helicopters omnidirectional operations
in adverse climate conditions

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Helicopter facilities

210 obstacle-free sector

for take-off and approach

Limited obstacle sector

of 150. No alternative
position allowed

0.9LD
Point
of
origin
0.75LD

[5 m max]
[5 m max]

PLAN VIEW
Obstacles limited
to 1.1 m

0.62LD
Landing area level
PROFILE VIEW
00093

0.75LD

Figure 13-3 Helideck obstacle limitation sector:

tandem main rotor helicopter bidirectional operations in adverse climate

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Chapter 13

180 obstacle-free sector

for take-off and approach
Limited obstacle
sector of 180

Point
of
origin

RD
(or 0.75LD for
tandem main rotor
helicopters)

PLAN VIEW
Obstacles limited
to 1:2 slope

Landing area level

0.83RD

PROFILE VIEW

Figure 13-4 Helideck obstacle limitation sector:

1808 for moderate climate

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00094

RD

Helicopter facilities
white perimeter marking

0.30

NOTE: The chevron marking shown

is applicable to adverse climates.
For moderate climates this should
be replaced by a straight bar.
1.00
15

210 Sector origin

black

18

0.10

18

0.79

15

1.00

Take-off and approach

area marking

30 cm

18

white perimeter marking

00095

60 cm

Figure 13-5 Obstacle-free sector marking

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Chapter 14
Operating requirements
14.1 Operating manuals
14.1.1 Operating manuals containing guidance for the safe operation of the
unit for both normal and envisaged emergency conditions, to the
satisfaction of the Administration, should be provided on board and be
readily available to all concerned. The manuals should, in addition to
providing the necessary general information about the unit, contain
guidance on and procedures for the operations that are vital to the safety
of personnel and the unit. The manuals should be concise and be compiled
in such a manner that they are easily understood. Each manual should be
provided with a contents list, an index and wherever possible be crossreferenced to additional detailed information which should be readily
available on board.
14.1.2 The operating manual for normal operations should include the
following general descriptive information, where applicable:
.1

a description and particulars of the unit;

.2

a chain of command with general responsibilities during normal

operation;

.3

limiting design data for each mode of operation, including

draughts, air gap, wave height, wave period, wind, current, sea
and air temperatures, assumed sea-bed conditions, and any other
applicable environmental factors, such as icing;

.4

a description of any inherent operational limitations for each

mode of operation and for each change in mode of operation;

.5

the location of watertight and weathertight boundaries, the

location and type of watertight and weathertight closures and
the location of downflooding points;

.6

the location, type and quantities of permanent ballast installed

on the unit;

.7

a description of the signals used in the general alarm, public

address, fire and gas alarm systems;

.8

for self-elevating units, information regarding the preparation of

the unit to avoid structural damage during the setting or
retraction of legs on or from the sea-bed or during extreme
weather conditions while in transit, including the positioning
and securing of legs, cantilever drill floor structures and heavy
cargo which might shift position;

.9

lightship data together with a comprehensive listing of the

inclusions and exclusions of semi-permanent equipment;

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Chapter 14
.10

stability information setting forth the allowable maximum

height of the centre of gravity in relation to draught data or
other parameters based upon compliance with the intact and
damage criteria;

.11

a capacity plan showing the capacities and the vertical,

longitudinal and transverse centres of gravity of tanks and bulk
material stowage spaces;

.12

tank sounding tables or curves showing capacities, the vertical,

longitudinal and transverse centres of gravity in graduated
intervals and the free surface data of each tank;

.13

acceptable structural deck loadings;

.14

identification of helicopters suited for the design of the helideck

and any limiting conditions of operation;

.15

identification and classification of hazardous areas on the unit;

.16

description and limitations of any on-board computer used in

operations such as ballasting, anchoring, dynamic positioning
and in trim and stability calculations;

.17

description of towing arrangements and limiting conditions of

operation;

.18

description of the main power system and limiting conditions of

operation;

.19

a list of key plans and schematics.

14.1.3 The operating manual for normal operations should also include,
where applicable:
.1

guidance for the maintenance of adequate stability and the use of

the stability data;

.2

guidance for the routine recording of lightweight alterations;

.3

examples of loading conditions for each mode of operation and

instructions for developing other acceptable loading conditions,
including the vertical components of the forces in the anchor
cables;

.4

for column-stabilized units, a description, schematic diagram

and guidance for the operation of the ballast system and of the
alternative means of ballast system operation, together with a
description of its limitations, such as pumping capacities at
various angles of heel and trim;

.5

a description, schematic diagram, guidance for the operation of

the bilge system and of the alternative means of bilge system
operation, together with a description of its limitations, such as
draining of spaces not directly connected to the bilge system;

.6

fuel oil storage and transfer procedures;

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Operating requirements
.7

procedures for changing modes of operation;

.8

guidance on severe weather operations and time required to

meet severe storm conditions and any inherent operational
limitations;

.9

description of the anchoring arrangements and anchoring or

mooring procedures and any limiting factors;

.10

personnel transfer procedures;

.11

procedures for the arrival, departure and fuelling of helicopters;

.12

limiting conditions of crane operations;

.13

description of the dynamic positioning systems and limiting

conditions of operation;

.14

procedures for ensuring that the requirements of applicable

international codes for the stowage and handling of dangerous
and radioactive materials are met;

.15

guidance for the placement and safe operation of the well testing
equipment. The areas around possible sources of gas release
should be classified in accordance with 6.1 for the duration of
well test operations;

.16

procedures for receiving vessels alongside;

.17

guidance on safe towing operations.

14.1.4 The operating manual for emergency operations should include,

where applicable:
.1

description of fire-extinguishing systems and equipment;

.2

description of the life-saving appliances and means of escape;

.3

description of the emergency power system and limiting

conditions of operation;

.4

a list of key plans and schematics which may be useful during

emergency situations;

.5

general procedures for deballasting or counterflooding and the

closure of all openings which may lead to progressive flooding in
the event of damage;

.6

guidance for the person in charge in determining the cause of

unexpected list and trim and assessing the potential affects of
corrective measures on unit survivability, i.e. strength, stability,
buoyancy, etc.;

.7

special procedures in the event of an uncontrolled escape of

hydrocarbons or hydrogen sulphide, including emergency
shutdown;

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Chapter 14
.8

guidance on the restoration of mechanical, electrical and

ventilation systems after main power failure or emergency
shutdown;

.9

ice alert procedures.

14.1.5 The information provided in the operating manuals should, where

necessary, be supported by additional material provided in the form of plans,
manufacturers manuals and other data necessary for the efficient operation
and maintenance of the unit. Detailed information provided in manufacturers manuals need not be repeated in the operating manuals. The
information should be referenced in the operating manual, readily
identified, located in an easily accessible place on the unit and be available
at all times.
14.2 Dangerous goods
14.2.1 Dangerous goods should be stored safely and appropriately
according to the nature of the goods. Incompatible goods should be
segregated from one another.
14.2.2 Explosives which present a serious risk should be stored in a suitable
magazine which should be kept securely closed. Such explosives should be
segregated from detonators. Electrical apparatus and cables in any
compartment in which it is intended to store explosives should be designed
and used so as to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.
14.2.3 Flammable liquids which give off dangerous vapours and flammable
gases should be stored in a well-ventilated space or on deck.
14.2.4 Substances which are liable to spontaneous heating or combustion
should not be carried unless adequate precautions have been taken to
prevent the outbreak of fire.
14.2.5 Radioactive substances should be stored and handled in a safe
manner.
14.3 Pollution prevention
Provision should be made such that the unit can comply with the
requirements of international conventions in force.
14.4 Towing
Towing arrangements and procedures should be such as to reduce to a
minimum any danger to personnel during towing operations. The design
and arrangement of towing fittings should have regard to both normal and
emergency conditions.

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Operating requirements
14.5 Transfer of material, equipment or personnel
14.5.1 Transfer operations, including the weights of loads to be handled,
any limiting conditions of operation and emergency procedures should be
discussed and agreed between personnel on the unit and on attending
vessels prior to commencement of such transfers. Direct communications
should be maintained with the crane operator throughout such operations.
14.5.2 The unit should be equipped with at least two independent means
for mooring attending vessels. The mooring positions should be such that
sufficient crane capacity in terms of lift and outreach is available to handle
loads in a safe manner.
14.5.3 The arrangement of mooring attachments on the unit to facilitate
transfer operations should have regard to the risk of damage should the
attending vessel come in contact with the unit.
14.5.4 The mooring arrangements and procedures should be such as to
reduce to a minimum any danger to personnel during mooring operations.
14.5.5 The mooring lines between the unit and the attending vessel
should, as far as practicable, be arranged so that if a line breaks, danger to
personnel on both the attending vessel and the unit is minimized.
14.5.6 Discharges from the unit, such as those from the sewage system or
ventilation from bulk tanks, should be arranged so that they minimize
danger to personnel on the deck of attending vessels.
14.6 Diving systems
14.6.1 Diving systems, if provided, should be installed, protected and
maintained so as to minimize, so far as practicable, any danger to personnel
or the unit, due regard being paid to fire, explosion or other hazards.
14.6.2 Diving systems should be designed, constructed, maintained and
certified in accordance with a national or international standard or code
acceptable to the Administration, such as the Code of Safety for Diving
Systems (resolution A.536(13)), which may be employed for fixed diving
systems, if provided.
14.7 Safety of navigation
14.7.1 The requirements of the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea in force should apply to each unit
except when stationary and engaged in drilling operations.
14.7.2 Each unit when stationary and engaged in drilling operations should
comply with the requirements for the safety of navigation of the coastal
State in whose territorial sea or on whose continental shelf the unit is
operating.

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Chapter 14
14.7.3 Each unit when stationary and engaged in drilling operations should
inform the national hydrographic office concerned about its position in
latitude and longitude, together with the approximate duration of the
operation so as to facilitate the promulgation of a temporary Notice to
Mariners. Details of future movements of units should also be passed to
national hydrographic offices so that temporary Notices may be promulgated before a unit gets under way.
14.8 Emergency procedures
Person in charge
14.8.1 The person on each unit to whom all personnel on board are
responsible in an emergency should be clearly defined. This person should
be designated by title by the owner or operator of the unit or the agent of
either of them.
14.8.2 The person in charge should be well acquainted with the
characteristics, capabilities and limitations of the unit. This person should
be fully cognizant of his responsibilities for emergency organization and
action, for conducting emergency drills and training, and for keeping
records of such drills.
Manning of survival craft and supervision
14.8.3 There should be a sufficient number of trained persons on board for
mustering and assisting untrained persons.
14.8.4 There should be a sufficient number of certificated persons on board
for launching and operating the survival craft to which personnel are
assigned.
14.8.5 Certificated persons should be placed in command and as secondin-command of each lifeboat.
14.8.6 The person in command of the lifeboat and the second-incommand should have a list of all persons assigned to the boat and should
see that persons under their command are acquainted with their duties.
14.8.7 Every lifeboat should have a person assigned who is capable of
operating the lifeboat radio equipment.
14.8.8 Every lifeboat should have a person assigned who is capable of
operating the engine and carrying out minor adjustments.
14.8.9 The person in charge of the unit should ensure the equitable
distribution of persons referred to in 14.8.3, 14.8.4 and 14.8.5 among the
units survival craft.
Muster list
14.8.10 Muster lists should be exhibited in conspicuous places throughout
the unit including the control rooms and accommodation spaces.

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Operating requirements
14.8.11 The muster list should specify details of the general alarm system
signals and also the action to be taken in all operating modes by every person
when these alarms are sounded, indicating the location to which they
should go and the general duties, if any, they would be expected to perform.
14.8.12

The following duties should be included in the muster list:

.1

closing of the watertight doors, fire doors, valves, vent inlets and
outlets, scuppers, sidescuttles, skylights, portholes and other
similar openings in the unit;

.2

equipping of the survival craft and other life-saving appliances;

.3

preparation and launching of survival craft;

.4

general preparation of other life-saving appliances;

.5

muster of visitors;

.6

use of communication equipment;

.7

manning of fire parties assigned to deal with fires;

.8

special duties assigned in respect to the use of fire-fighting

equipment and installations;

.9

emergency duties on the helicopter deck;

.10

special duties assigned in the event of an uncontrolled escape of

hydrocarbons or hydrogen sulphide, including emergency
shutdown.

14.8.13 The muster list should specify substitutes for key persons who may
become disabled, taking into account that different emergencies may call for
different actions.
14.8.14 The muster list should show the duties assigned to regularly
assigned personnel in relation to visitors in case of emergency.
14.8.15 Each unit should have a current muster list revised as necessary to
reflect any procedural changes.
14.8.16 In deciding on the level of detail to be included in the muster list,
account should be taken of information available in other documents, e.g.
operating manual.
14.9 Emergency instructions
14.9.1 Illustrations and instructions should be conspicuously displayed at
muster stations, control positions, working spaces and accommodation
spaces to inform all on board of:
.1

the method of donning lifejackets; and

.2

the method of donning immersion suits, if applicable.

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Chapter 14
14.9.2 All persons arriving on a unit for the first time, including visitors,
should upon arrival on board the unit be properly instructed in the
following:
.1

the need to be prepared for an emergency;

.2

the need to observe strictly the requirements of the muster list,

in particular those relating to:
their specific conduct in any emergency,
their survival craft station,
the general emergency and fire alarm signals calling all
personnel to their assigned stations,
how the order to abandon the unit will be given;

.3

the need to be alert for the sounding of alarm signals and to

respond to them in emergencies;

.4

the location of their own and spare lifejackets and, if provided,

immersion suits and the method of properly donning them;

.5

the dangers and preferred method of jumping into the sea from a
height, particularly when wearing a lifejacket;

.6

the location of means of escape including those leading to

survival craft stations;

.7

the need to participate in any drills held during the time they are
on board; and

.8

essential fire precautions.

14.10 Training manuals

A training manual complying with the requirements of regulation III/51* of
the 1974 SOLAS Convention should be provided and relevant information
made available to each person on board.
14.11 Practice musters and drills
14.11.1 One abandon unit drill and one fire drill should be conducted
every week. Drills should be so arranged that all personnel participate in a
drill at least once a month. A drill should take place within 24 hours after a
personnel change if more than 25% of the personnel have not participated
in abandon unit and fire drills on board that particular unit in the previous
month. The Administration may accept other arrangements that are at least
equivalent for those units for which this is impracticable.
*
Since 1 July 1998, the SOLAS requirements concerning the training manual are contained in
regulation 35 of new chapter III, as adopted by resolution MSC.47(66).

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Operating requirements
Each abandon unit drill should include:

14.11.2
.1

.2

summoning of all on board to muster stations with the general

emergency signal and ensuring that they are aware of how the
order to abandon the unit will be given;
reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in
the muster list;

.3

checking that every person is suitably dressed;

.4

checking that lifejackets and immersion suits are correctly

donned;

.5
.6

lowering of at least one lifeboat as far as reasonably practicable,

after any necessary preparation for launching;
starting and operating the lifeboat engine; and

.7

operation of davits used for launching liferafts.

14.11.3 Different lifeboats should, as far as practicable, be lowered in

compliance with the requirements of 14.11.2.5 at successive drills.
14.11.4 Drills should, as far as practicable, be conducted as if there were an
actual emergency.
14.11.5 Each lifeboat should, as far as reasonably practicable, be launched
with its assigned operating crew aboard and manoeuvred in the water at least
once every 3 months.
14.11.6 As far as is reasonably practicable, rescue boats, including lifeboats
which are also rescue boats, should be launched each month with their
assigned crew aboard and manoeuvred in the water. In all cases this
requirement should be complied with at least once every 3 months.
14.12

On-board training and instructions

14.12.1 On-board training in the use of the units life-saving appliances,

including survival craft equipment, should be given as soon as possible but
not later than one week after a person joins the unit. However, if the person
is on a regularly scheduled rotating assignment to the unit, such training
should be given not later than one week after the time of first joining the
unit.
14.12.2 Instructions in the use of the units life-saving appliances and in
survival at sea should be given at the same interval as the drills. Individual
instruction may cover different parts of the units life-saving system, but all
the units life-saving equipment and appliances should be covered within
any period of 2 months. Each regularly assigned person should be given
instructions which should include but not necessarily be limited to:
.1

operation and use of the units inflatable liferafts;

.2

problems of hypothermia, first-aid treatment for hypothermia

and other appropriate first-aid procedures;

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Chapter 14
.3

special instructions necessary for use of the units life-saving

appliances in severe weather and severe sea conditions.

14.12.3 On-board training in the use of davit-launched liferafts should take

place at intervals of not more than 4 months on every unit fitted with such
appliances. Whenever practicable this should include the inflation and
lowering of a liferaft. This liferaft may be a special liferaft intended for
training purposes only, which is not part of the units life-saving equipment;
such a special liferaft should be conspicuously marked.
14.13

Records

The date when musters are held, details of abandonment drills, drills of
other life-saving appliances and on-board training should be recorded in
such log-book as may be prescribed by the Administration. If a full muster,
drill or training session is not held at the appointed time, an entry should be
made in the log-book stating the circumstances and the extent of the
muster, drill or training session held.

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Appendix
Model form of Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
Safety Certificate (1989)
MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNIT
SAFETY CERTIFICATE (1989)
(Official seal)

(State)
Issued under the provisions of the

IMO CODE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT

OF MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS, 1989
as amended
under the authority of the Government of
....................................................
(full designation of the State)
by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(full official designation of the competent person or
organization authorized by the Administration)
Distinctive identification
(name or number)

Type
(1.3 of the Code)

Port of registry

Date on which keel was laid or unit was at

a similar stage of construction or on which
major conversion was commenced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
THIS IS TO CERTIFY:
1

That the above-mentioned unit has been duly surveyed in accordance

with the applicable provisions of the Code for the Construction and
Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, 1989.

That the survey showed that the structure, equipment, fittings, radio
station arrangements and materials of the unit and the condition
thereof are in all respects satisfactory and that the unit complies with
the relevant provisions of the Code.

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Appendix
3

That the life-saving appliances provide for a total number of .......

persons and no more as follows:
................................................

That, in accordance with 1.4 of the Code, the provisions of the Code
are modified in respect of the unit in the following manner:
................................................

That this unit has been issued with an approval for the continuous
survey techniques under 1.6.4 of the Code in lieu of renewal and
intermediate surveys in respect of:
Hull

Machinery

&

.....................
signature and seal of approving
authority

&

.....................
date of continuous survey
programme approval

This certificate is valid until . . . . . . . . . . . day of . . . . . . . . . . . 20. . ..

Issued at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(place of issue of certificate)
.....................
(date of issue)

.....................
(signature of authorized official
issuing the certificate)

....................................................
(seal or stamp of the issuing authority, as appropriate)

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Certificates

Endorsement for annual and intermediate surveys

This is to certify that, at a survey required by 1.6 of the Code, this unit was
found to comply with the relevant provisions of the Code.
Annual survey:

signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Annual/intermediate survey:

signed: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Annual/intermediate survey:

signed: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Annual survey:

signed: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

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Appendix

Annual/intermediate survey in accordance with

1.6.11.7.3 of the Code
Annual survey:

signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Endorsement for the drydock survey

This is to certify that, at a survey required by 1.6 of the Code, this unit was
found to comply with the relevant provisions of the Code.
First inspection:

signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Second inspection:

signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

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Certificates

Endorsement to extend the certificate if valid for less

than 5 years where 1.6.11.3 of the Code applies
This unit complies with the relevant requirements of the Code, and this
certificate should, in accordance with 1.6.11.3 of the Code, be accepted as
valid until . . . . . . . . . . . .
signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Endorsement where the renewal survey has been

completed and 1.6.11.4 of the Code applies
This unit complies with the relevant requirements of the Code, and this
certificate should, in accordance with 1.6.11.4 of the Code, be accepted as
valid until . . . . . . . . . . . . .
signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

Endorsement to extend the validity of the certificate

until reaching the port of survey where 1.6.11.5
of the Code applies
This certificate should, in accordance with 1.6.11.5 of the Code, be
accepted until . . . . . . . . . . . . .
signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

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Appendix

Endorsement for the advancement of the

anniversary date where 1.6.11.7 of the Code applies
In accordance with 1.6.11.7 of the Code, the new anniversary date is
.................
signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)
In accordance with 1.6.11.7 of the Code, the new anniversary date is
.................
signed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(signature of authorized official)
place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seal or stamp of authority, as appropriate)

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