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Control Element For Installation in Operation The Reactor

This document describes the transfer function for a reactor control system. It presents equations modeling the dynamic relationship between the reactor level (h) and input flow rate (qi), and derives the first order transfer function relating level (H) to flow rate input (Q). A PI controller is recommended to control the reactor level by eliminating steady state error and forced oscillations while handling disturbances and delays in the system.

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Hisyamuddin Aliah
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39 views7 pages

Control Element For Installation in Operation The Reactor

This document describes the transfer function for a reactor control system. It presents equations modeling the dynamic relationship between the reactor level (h) and input flow rate (qi), and derives the first order transfer function relating level (H) to flow rate input (Q). A PI controller is recommended to control the reactor level by eliminating steady state error and forced oscillations while handling disturbances and delays in the system.

Uploaded by

Hisyamuddin Aliah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Element For Installation

in Operation the Reactor

The transfer function for the reactor

Consider a more relevant situation -> if q is manipulated by a flow


control valve rather than a pump. Let Level = h.

Let the flow rate represnted by the linear element

The dynamic equation is given by


dh
(1)
A
qi q
dt
d
(2)
qi q
dt
d
dh
(3)
qi q
A
dt
dt

dh
A
Rh q
dt
The steady-state version of (2) is:

0 Rh q
d (h h )
A
R(h h ) (q q )
dt

dH (t )
A
RH (t ) Q(t )
D(t )
Change from s to t form :

H(0) is equal to zero:

A( SH ( s ) H (0)) RH ( s ) Q( s )

A( SH ( s )) RH ( s ) Q( s )
Q( s ) RH ( s ) A( SH ( s ))

Q( s ) H ( s )( R AS )
The transfer function relating H
(s) to Q (s) is found by
transforming the equation and
rearranging to obtain :

H (s)
1
R
K

Q( s ) ( R AS ) (1 A S ) 1 s
R
A
,K R
Area = A = 95 liters = 95000.00cm
R

The order of transfer function : First order


Controlled Variable :
Level , h
Manipulated Variable :
Input Flow Rate (qi)
Disturbance Variable:
Temperature ,T
Pressure ,P
Output Flow Rate (q)

Type of control algorithm : PI Controllers


PI controller will eliminate forced oscillations and steady state error
resulting in operation of on -off controller and P controller respectively.
However, introducing integral mode has a negative effect on speed of the
response and overall stability of the system.
PI controllers are very often used in industry, especially when speed of the
response is not an issue.

We choose PI controller for this process because :


a) fast response of the system is not required
b) large disturbances and noise are present during operation of the process
c) there is only one energy storage in process (capacitive or inductive)
d) there are large transport delays in the system

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