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Synthetic Rubber

This document discusses two common synthetic rubbers: Buna-S and phenol formaldehyde. Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene that is used in floor tiles, shoe soles, and insulation due to its high abrasion resistance and ease of oxidation. Phenol formaldehyde can be produced through reactions of phenol and formaldehyde in different ratios to form novolac or resole polymers. Novolac is a low molecular weight polymer with methylene linkages, while resole contains ether linkages. Upon heating, these polymers cross-link to form bakelite, an infusible and insoluble thermoset material.

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556 views3 pages

Synthetic Rubber

This document discusses two common synthetic rubbers: Buna-S and phenol formaldehyde. Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene that is used in floor tiles, shoe soles, and insulation due to its high abrasion resistance and ease of oxidation. Phenol formaldehyde can be produced through reactions of phenol and formaldehyde in different ratios to form novolac or resole polymers. Novolac is a low molecular weight polymer with methylene linkages, while resole contains ether linkages. Upon heating, these polymers cross-link to form bakelite, an infusible and insoluble thermoset material.

Uploaded by

slchem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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POLYMER

SYNTHETIC RUBBER

THEORY

SYNTHETIC RUBBERS :
Synthetic rubber is any vulcanizable artificially prepared rubber
like product which can be stretched more of its original length, but
it returns rapidly to its original shape when the stretching force is
released. It is differ in chemical composition and properties from
those of the natural rubber.
Most commonly produced synthetic rubbers are:

(1) Buna S (SBR) :

n[CH 2 = CH CH CH2 ] + n[CH = CH2 ]


C6 H 5
Stvrene 25%

Butadiene 75%
Catalyst Na

[CH2 CH = CH CH 2 CH CH 2 ] n
C6H5
Buna s rubber

Properties
I.
II.
III.
IV.

It was manufactured in USA for govt and is called


as GSR.
It has high abrasion resistance.
It is easily oxidizes / ozonised.
It is swells in oil and solvents.

Uses :
It is used for Floor tiles, Shoe soles, Insulations, etc.
1

POLYMER

SYNTHETIC RUBBER

THEORY

(2) Phenol formaldehyde :


Phenol and Formaldehyde react with each other to give
differed products depending upon the ratio of the reactant as
shown be
OH

OH

OH

1:1

CH 2 OH

+ HCHO

Phenol

+
CH 2 OH

Formal
dehyde

P - methylol
phenol

O - methylol
phenol

1:3

:2
OH
CH 2 OH

OH
HOH 2 C

CH 2 OH
CH 2 OH
O, P - methylol
phenol

CH 2 OH
O, O, P - tri methylol
phenol

Mono methylol phenol can undergo polymerisation to give


low molecular weight polymer with methylene linkage known
as Novolac.
OH

OH
CH 2 OH H

OH
CH 2 OH

OH
CH 2

Acidic PH H2 O

Novolac

CH 2 OH

POLYMER

SYNTHETIC RUBBER

THEORY

The product with ether linkage gives a polymer is called a


Resole.
OH

OH
CH 2 O H HO H2 C

OH
D

OH
CH 2 O CH2

H2 O

Rosele

In the final stage whether with acidic or alkaline media the


initial methylene linked ether linked compounds, cross link
on being heated to form the (stage resin which is infusible
and insoluble in all solvents. This is called bakelite.)
Ideal crystalline polymer is obtained by very slow cooling of
its melt Zigzag polymer chain is most favored structure.

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