Scarlatti K 208 Analysis
Scarlatti K 208 Analysis
Scarlatti K 208 Analysis
Domenico Scarlatti was exclusively known for his 555 harpsichord sonatas,
which display musical style and melodic brilliance. When we say Scarlattis
sonatas display musical style, we are saying that the sonatas are based on the
period in which the music was written, which is Baroque style. However, to
say Scarlatti was a Baroque composer is an oversimplification. A better
description of him is Rococo, a transitory era linking the Baroque to the
Classical period. Strictly speaking, Scarlattis lifespan puts him firmly in the
Baroque period, though his musical style has the lightness and simplicity,
along with the insistently ornamented figures common to the Rococo period.
Most of his sonatas are predecessors to the Classical and Romantic sonatas
written later by composers such as Hayden, Mozart, Beethoven or Brahms.
Sonata L. 238 will also be called K. 208. The L. 238 comes from the
numbering system developed by Alessandro Longo (L. for Longo). Ralph
Kirkpatrick, a harpsichordist and musicologist of the middle 20th century,
produced an edition of the sonatas by Scarlatti in 1953, replacing the L. with
a K.for Kirkpatrick.
It is important to remember that the stylistic interpretation of this piece
should be firmly fixed in the Baroque, but remember, he is Spanish, which
means the music should be lyrical, whimsical, and never heavy, even when
incredibly sentimental, as this particular sonata is. The tempo marking of this
piece is Andante cantabile. Andante is Italian for to walk. Cantabile
means flowing. Effectively, the tempo marking of this piece is telling us to
play it as if walking with a flowing gate. Keep it even, steady, and in this
case, slower is better.
The opening theme is three measures long. The essential shape of this
melody is repeated. The second section after the repeat is a little tricky;
figure out before playing this piece, how quickly you can play this section,
and then come back to the beginning and begin the piece at that speed. The
ornaments (trills, mordents, and turns) are suggestive. This does not mean
that they are optional, but the type of ornament you place in each case is your
choice to a certain extent. For a clear and comprehensive study on
ornamentation in the Baroque and Rococo periods, see Frank Koonces
book Johann Sebastian Bach: The Solo Lute Music.