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ATP Quick Reference: Formulae: Formulae Used in Performance Calculations

This document provides formulae for calculating various speeds and points used in aviation performance calculations. It includes formulae for calculating maneuvering speed, lead intercepts for DME arcs and courses, rate of descent to track glideslope, initiating level-off from climbs or descents, bank angles for standard rate turns, rollout from steep turns, and distance-based and time-based visual descent points. Worked examples are provided for each formula to demonstrate how to apply them for specific aircraft speeds and weights.

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99 views2 pages

ATP Quick Reference: Formulae: Formulae Used in Performance Calculations

This document provides formulae for calculating various speeds and points used in aviation performance calculations. It includes formulae for calculating maneuvering speed, lead intercepts for DME arcs and courses, rate of descent to track glideslope, initiating level-off from climbs or descents, bank angles for standard rate turns, rollout from steep turns, and distance-based and time-based visual descent points. Worked examples are provided for each formula to demonstrate how to apply them for specific aircraft speeds and weights.

Uploaded by

Jehan Ichhaporia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ATP Quick Reference: Formulae

Formulae used in Performance Calculations

All examples reference Piper PA-30B speeds/weights.


Calculating Va: (maneuvering speed)
Sqrt of (TOW / MGTOW) * published Va (162mph)
Example:
Actual weight: 3400
MGTOW: 3600
Sqrt of 3400/3600 = 0.972 * 162 (published Va) = 157.44
Calculating lead intercepts for DME arcs and any selected course
TAS / 200
Example:
120KTAS / 200 = 0.6
Therefore, initiate a standard rate turn 0.6nm prior to arriving at the arc.
For a 45 degree intercept to the final approach course, 0.3nm
(use GPS for XTRK information.)
For a 30 degree intercept, initiate at 0.2nm.
Calculating Rate of Descent to track glideslope
(Groundspeed / 60) * 300
Example:
105 knots GS
105/60 = 1.75
1.75 * 300 = 525FPM
Note: 300 is used because flying a 3-degree glideslope will cause the aircraft to descend
300 feet per nautical mile (FPNM.) If a nonstandard glideslope angle is published on the IAP, use
that number instead (i.e. if 3.24 degrees, use 324.)
Alternate method (rule of thumb):
Use 10% of groundspeed, and multiply times 5.
Example:
90 knots GS

90 * 5 = 450FPM
This method is quite accurate, provided a standard 3.00 degree glideslope.
Initiating level-off from climb or descent
10% of Rate of Climb/Descent
Example:
If climbing at 500FPM, initiate level-off 50 feet below target altitude.
Calculating bank angles for standard rate turns
10% of TAS / of that number
Example:
120KTAS
12 + 6 = 18 degrees angle of bank
Calculating roll-out from steep (45 degree bank angle) turns
Initiate roll-out at a heading equivalent to the bank angle.
Example:
45 degree bank
Turn initiated at 360 degrees to the left
Initiate rollout at (45 / 2) 22.5 degrees prior to reaching 360, i.e. 023 degrees.
Calculating VDP (or PDP, Planned Descent Point)
Distance-based VDP/PDP:
MDA (HAT) / 300
Example:
MDA is 430 ft. AGL. 430/300 = 1.4nm
Time-based VDP/PDP:
Subtract 10% of the MDA (HAT) from the time between FAF and MAP
Example:
MDA is 430 ft. AGL
Time between FAF and MAP is 3:54
10% of 430 = 43
Subtract 43 seconds from 3:54 = 3:11 to VDP/PDP

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