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Quality Control

The document discusses quality control processes including inspection, costs of inspection, variations in processes, control charts, and types of errors. Quality control aims to evaluate output against standards and take corrective action when needed. Inspection can occur before, during, or after production and involves determining inspection frequency, locations, and whether attributes or variables will be inspected. Control charts plot sample statistics over time to monitor processes and identify abnormal variations outside the upper and lower control limits.

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Rohit Garg
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34 views11 pages

Quality Control

The document discusses quality control processes including inspection, costs of inspection, variations in processes, control charts, and types of errors. Quality control aims to evaluate output against standards and take corrective action when needed. Inspection can occur before, during, or after production and involves determining inspection frequency, locations, and whether attributes or variables will be inspected. Control charts plot sample statistics over time to monitor processes and identify abnormal variations outside the upper and lower control limits.

Uploaded by

Rohit Garg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quality Control

Quality Control is a process that


evaluates output relative to a
standard and takes corrective action
when output doesnt meet standards
Acceptance Sampling vs Statistical
Process Control

Inspection
Its an appraisal activity that compares goods
or services to a standard
It can occur before production, during
production and after production
Basic issues in inspection
How much to inspect and how often
At what points in the process inspection should
occur
Whether to inspect in a centralized or on-site
location
Whether to inspect attributes or variables

Cost

Total Cost
Cost of
inspection
Cost of
passing
defectives

Optimal
Amount of Inspection

Variations and Control


Random variation: Natural variations
in the output of a process, created by
countless minor factors
Assignable variation: A variation
whose source can be identified

Control Chart
Purpose: to monitor process output
to see if it is random
A time ordered plot representative
sample statistics obtained from an on
going process (e.g. sample means)
Upper and lower control limits define
the range of acceptable variation

Abnormal variation
due to assignable sources

Out of
control

UCL
Mean

Normal variation
due to chance

LCL

Abnormal variation
due to assignable sources

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Sample number

The Control Process

Define
Measure
Compare
Evaluate
Correct
Monitor Results

Types of Errors
Type I error
Concluding a process is not in control
when it actually is.

Type II error
Concluding a process is in control when
it is not.

And the conclusion


is

If a
proce
ss is
actual
ly

Control Charts For Variables


Mean control charts
Used to monitor the central tendency of
a process.
X bar charts

Range control charts


Used to monitor the process dispersion
R charts

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