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Session - 2015-16: Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 1

This document provides information about polynomials including definitions, types of polynomials based on the number of terms, and concepts like degree, standard form, remainder theorem, and factor theorem. It defines a polynomial as an expression containing variables, constants, and arithmetic operations. It explains that polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms). It also discusses how the degree of a polynomial is determined by the highest power of the variable and provides examples of different degree polynomials.

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133 views12 pages

Session - 2015-16: Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 1

This document provides information about polynomials including definitions, types of polynomials based on the number of terms, and concepts like degree, standard form, remainder theorem, and factor theorem. It defines a polynomial as an expression containing variables, constants, and arithmetic operations. It explains that polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms). It also discusses how the degree of a polynomial is determined by the highest power of the variable and provides examples of different degree polynomials.

Uploaded by

vishnu0751
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kendriya Vidyalaya No.

1
Session - 2015-16

Guided by :Mr. Avdesh Sir

Made by:Mukul
Shakya

Polynomials
An expression containing variables,
constant and any arithematic operation
is called polynomial.
Polynomialcomes
frompoly-(meaning "many")
and-nomial(in this case
meaning "term") ... so it says
"many terms"

Polynomials contain three types of


terms:(1) monomial :- A polynomial with one
term.
(2) binomial :- A polynomial with two
terms.
(3) trinomial :- A polynomial with
three terms.

Degree of polynomial :- the highest power of


the variable in a polynomial is termed as the
degree of polynomial.
Constant polynomial :- A polynomial of
degree zero is called constant polynomial.
Linear polynomial :- A polynomial of degree
one .
E.g. :-9x + 1
Quadratic polynomial :- A polynomial of
degree two. E.g. :-3/2y -3y + 3
Cubic polynomial :- A polynomial of degree
three.
E.g. :-12x -4x + 5x +1
Bi quadratic polynomial :- A polynomial of

. Standard Form
TheStandard Formfor writing a
polynomial is to put the terms with the
highest degree first.
Example: Put this in Standard Form:
3x2- 7 + 4x3+x6
The highest degree is 6, so that goes first,
then 3, 2 and then the constant last:
x6+ 4x3+ 3x2- 7

Reminder theorem
Let p(x) be any polynomial of
degree greater than or equal
to one and let a be any real
number. If p(x) is divided by
linear polynomial x-a then the
reminder is p(a).
Proof :- Let p(x) be any polynomial
of degree greater than or equal to
1. suppose that when p(x) is
divided by x-a, the quotient is q(x)
and the reminder is r(x), i.g;
p(x) = (x-a) q(x)
+r(x)

Since the degree of x-a is 1 and the degree


of r(x) is less than the degree of x-a ,the
degree of r(x) = 0.
This means that r(x) is a constant .say r.
So , for every value of x, r(x) = r.
Therefore, p(x) = (x-a) q(x) + r
In particular, if x = a, this equation gives us
p(a) =(a-a) q(a) + r
Which proves the theorem.

Factor Theorem
Let p(x) be a polynomial of
degree n > 1 and let a be
any real number. If p(a) = 0
then (x-a) is a factor of
p(x).
PROOF :-By the reminder
theorem ,
p(x) = (x-a) q(x) + p(a).

1. If p(a) = 0,then p(x) = (x-a)


q(x), which shows that x-a is a
factor of p(x).
2. Since x-a is a factor of p(x),
p(x) = (x-a) g(x) for same
polynomial g(x).
In this case , p(a) = (a-a) g(a) =0

ALGEBRIC IDENTITIES

THANKYOU

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