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40 Functional Equations

The document contains 40 functional equations describing various functions f from the real numbers to the real numbers. Some key examples include: - Equation 1 describes a function f from the natural numbers to itself such that f(n+1) is greater than f(f(n)) for all n. - Equation 5 describes a function f from the natural numbers to itself such that for all a,b there exists a triangle with sides a, f(b), and f(b+f(a)-1). - Equation 12 proves that there are no functions f and g such that f(g(x)) = x^2 and g(f(x)) = x^3 for all x.

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189 views2 pages

40 Functional Equations

The document contains 40 functional equations describing various functions f from the real numbers to the real numbers. Some key examples include: - Equation 1 describes a function f from the natural numbers to itself such that f(n+1) is greater than f(f(n)) for all n. - Equation 5 describes a function f from the natural numbers to itself such that for all a,b there exists a triangle with sides a, f(b), and f(b+f(a)-1). - Equation 12 proves that there are no functions f and g such that f(g(x)) = x^2 and g(f(x)) = x^3 for all x.

Uploaded by

Toaster97
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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40 Functional Equations

1 Favorites
1. f : N






2. Find a function f : N
3. f : N
4. f : N

N, f (n + 1) > f (f (n)) for all n N


N such that, f (f (n)) = 2n for all n N

N, f (m)2 + f (n) | (m2 + n)2 for all m, n N


N, f (f (a) + f (b)) = a + b 1 for all a, b N

5. f : N
N, for all a, b N there exists a non-degenerate triangle with side length a, f (b),
f (b + f (a) 1).

6. Let g : R
R, such that g(x) = x [x].
R such that, g(f (x + y)) = g(f (x)) + g(f (y)) for all x, y R.
Find all functions f : R
7. f : R







8. f : R+
9. f : R
10. f : R
11. f : R

R, (f (x) + f (z))(f (y) + f (t)) = f (xy zt) + f (xt yz) for all x, y, z, t R.


2xy
x+y
R+, f continuous, f (x) + f (y) = f 2 + f x + y for all x, y R+.
R, f (x + y) = max {f (x), y } + min {f (y), x} for all x, y R.
R, f (x f (y)) = f (f (y)) + xf (y) + f (x) 1 for all x, y R.
R, f (x) ex for all x R and f (x + y) f (x)f (y) for all x, y R.

12. Prove that there are no functions f , g such that, f (g(x)) = x2 and g(f (x)) = x3 for all x R.
13. Does there exist any continuous function f : R
R such that, f (x) Q
  
4
x
x
= f (y) for all x, y R+.
R+, f yf y
14. f : R+
15. f : R




















x Q ?

R, |f (x) f (y)| (x y)2 for all x, y R.

18. f : R+


o
n
x
R, f (x + f (y)) = y + f (x) for all x, y R and the set f (x) x R is finite.
y
x
R, f (x)f (y) = y f 2 + x f 2 for some constant , R and for all x, y R+
 
x
R, xf (y) yf (x) = f y for all x, y R+

19. f : R

R, f (f (x) y 2) = f (x)2 2 f (x)y 2 + f (f (y)) for all x, y R

16. f : R

17. f : R+

20. f : R
21. f : R
22. f : R
23. f : R
24. f : R
25. f : R
26. f : R
27. f : R

R, f (f (x) + y) = xf (1 + xy) for all x, y R




x + f (x)
R, f
+
y
+
f
(2z)
= 2x f (x) + f (f (y)) + 2f (z) for all x, y, z R
2
R, f surjective and strictly increasing, f (f (x)) = f (x) + 12x for all x R
R, f (x + y 2) (y + 1)f (x)2 for all x, y R
R, f (y)f (xf (y)) = f (xy) for all x, y R
R, f (x)f (y) |x y | for all x Q and y  Q
R, f (x + y) yf (x) + f (f (x)), Prove that f (x) = 0 for all x 0
R, f ((x + 1)f (y)) = y(f (x) + 1) for all x, y R

R+, f (x + y) f (x) + yf (f (x)) for all x, y R+


1
R+, xf (x, y)f y, x = yf (y, x) for all x, y R+
29. f : R+ R+

28. f : R+

30. f : R+
31. f : R

R+, f (x)2 f (x + y)(f (x) + y) for all x, y R+

R, f (xy)(f (x) f (y)) = f (x)f (y)(x y) for all x, y R


1

Section 2

32. Prove that there doesnt exist any function f : R

f (1) = 1

R, such that,

M R+ s.t. |f (x)| M x R
1
1 
f x + x2 = f (x) + f x 2 for all x R
R x
33. f : R0
R and f (x) 0 f (t) dt for all x 0. Prove that, f (x) = 0 for all x 0





f (x) + xn
f (y) + y n

34. f : R+

R+, f (x + yn + f (x)) = f (x) ,

35. f : R+

R+, f (x + yn + f (x)) = f (x) for all x, y R+

2 Most Favorites

Q for all x, y R+

1. Find all functions f : R+


R+, such that,
f (x f (y)) = f (x + yn) + f (y + f (y)) for all x, y R+ and a fixed positive integer n 2.
2. Find all continuous functions f : R+
all x, y R+

R+, such that, f (xf (y) + y f (x)) = f (f (xy)) for

x2 f (x)2

3. f is a function such that f (x) = x2(f (x)2 + 1) for all x > 1. Prove that, limx

4. Is there any strictly increasing function f : R+


5. f : R+

R+ such that,

f (x) =

R+, such that, f (x) = f (f (x)) ?

f (x) = x if x e

f (x) = xf (ln x) if x > e


P
1
Prove that
n=1 f (x) diverges.
Dhananjoy Biswas
[email protected]

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