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Physical and Logical Structures

An Oracle database system comprises at least one instance of the application and data storage. An instance includes a set of operating system processes and memory structures that interact with storage. The system global area in memory typically holds cache like data buffers, SQL commands, and user information. The database also consists of online redo logs that record transactions and can archive to offline redo logs for recovery or replication purposes. Multiple instances on different servers can attach to a central storage array in a Real Application Clusters configuration for advantages like performance, scalability, and redundancy.

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19 views1 page

Physical and Logical Structures

An Oracle database system comprises at least one instance of the application and data storage. An instance includes a set of operating system processes and memory structures that interact with storage. The system global area in memory typically holds cache like data buffers, SQL commands, and user information. The database also consists of online redo logs that record transactions and can archive to offline redo logs for recovery or replication purposes. Multiple instances on different servers can attach to a central storage array in a Real Application Clusters configuration for advantages like performance, scalability, and redundancy.

Uploaded by

sanakshi23
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical and logical structures

An Oracle database system—identified by an alphanumeric system identifier or SID[3]—comprises at least

one instance of the application, along with data storage. An instance—identified persistently by an instantiation

number (or activation id: SYS.V_$DATABASE.ACTIVATION#)—comprises a set of operating-

system processes and memory-structures that interact with the storage. Typical processes include PMON (the

process monitor) and SMON (the system monitor).

Users of the Oracle databases refer to the server-side memory-structure as the SGA (System Global Area). The SGA

typically holds cache information such as data-buffers, SQLcommands, and user information. In addition to storage,

the database consists of online redo logs (or logs), which hold transactional history. Processes can in turn archive the

online redo logs into archive logs (offline redo logs), which provide the basis (if necessary) for data recovery and for

some forms of data replication.

If the Oracle database administrator has implemented Oracle RAC (Real Application Clusters), then multiple

instances, usually on different servers, attach to a central storage array. This scenario offers advantages such as

better performance, scalability and redundancy. However, support becomes more complex, and many sites do not

use RAC. In version 10g, grid computing introduced shared resources where an instance can use (for

example) CPU resources from another node (computer) in the grid.

The Oracle DBMS can store and execute stored procedures and functions within itself. PL/SQL (Oracle Corporation's

proprietary procedural extension to SQL), or the object-oriented language Java can invoke such code objects and/or

provide the programming structures for writing them.

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