PHYSICS SOLUTIONS

ADVANCE LEVEL PROBLEMS

TARGET : JEE (IITs)

TOPIC : WORK, POWER & ENERGY

PART - I
1.

W=

F . ds = (3t i 5 j) . (4t dt i )
2

12 t 2 dt

2.

12 t 3
=
3

= 32 J

dW
=0;
dx
i.e.
F(x) = 0
x=,x=0
Clearly for d = ,the work done is maximum.

For W to be maximum ;

Alternate Solution :
External force and displacement are in the same direction

Work will be positive

continuously so it will be maximum when displacement is maximum.
3.

Work done in changing speed from 0 to V is

1
mV2
2
work done in changing the speed from V to 2V is
W1 =

W2 =

4.

1
1
1
m (2V)2
mV2 =
3 mV2
2
2
2

W1
1
W2 = 3

Applying work energy theorem on block

WF + WS = 0
F

1
k2 = 0
2

work done
5.

2F
k

= F =

or
2F2
k

In the frame (inertial w.r.t earth) of free end of spring, the initial velocity of block is 3 m/s to left and the spring
unstretched .

RESONANCE

WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 1

Applying conservation of energy between initial and maximum extension state.

1
1
mv2 = kA2
2
2
6.

7.

or

m
v=
k

A=

Work done :
= Mgh1 + Mgh2 + Mgh3 + 1 Mg1 + 2 Mg2 + 3Mg3
= Mg (h1 + h2 + h3) + Mg (11 + 22 + 33)
= Mg (8 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.4)
= 90 J
From conservation of energy
K.E. + P.E. = E

or K.E. = E

2E
1
=0
k
k
2

After the top end of chain falls down by

2g

=
8

g
2

7
M.
8

momentum of chain is
7
M
8

9.

, the speed of chain is

8

The mass of chain above table is

2E
is zero.
k

The speed of particle at x =

v=

1
kx 2
2

2E
is
k

K.E. at x =

8.

4
3 = 6cm.
10000

g
2

7
M
16

Let v be the speed of B at lowermost position, the speed of A at lowermost position is 2v.
From conservation of energy

1
1
m (2v)2 +
mv2 = mg (2) + mg.
2
2
Solving we get v =
10.

6 g
5

Let h be the height of water surface, finally

a 2h = a .

a
a
a
.
; h=
2
2
4

a a
3a
5a
C.M. gets lowered by a = a
=
8
8
4 8

Work done by gravity = mg

RESONANCE

5a
8
WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 2

11.

It can be observed that power delivered to particle by force F is P = Fv = K.

The power is constant. Hence work done by force in time t is W = Pt = Kt

12.

The work done by force from time t = 0 to t = t sec. is given by shaded area in graph below.
Hence as t increases, this area increases.

Work done by force keeps on increasing.

13.

Power

P = F . V = FV

dm

F=V
dt

= V d( volume
dt

= density

d( volume
= V

dt

= V (AV)

= AV2
Power P = AV3
or
P V3
14.

P=

d
(mgh)
dt

1000 10 100
50
Pact = 2000 W
Pact =

Pconsumption =
15.

2000
W = 16 kW..
0.25

When 4 coaches (m each) are attached with engine (2m)

according to question P = K 6mgv
..............(1)
(constant power), (K being proportionality constant)
Since resistive force is proportional to weight
Now if 12 coaches are attached
P = K.14mg.v1 ............(2)
Since engine power is constant
So by equation (1) and (2)
6Kmgv = 14Kmgv1

6
20
14
=
v1 = 8.5 m/sec
Similarly for 6 coaches
=

v2 =

6
20
8

RESONANCE

v1 =

6
v
14

6 10
60
=
7
7

K6mgv = K8mgv2

3
20 = 15 m/sec
4
WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 3

16.

Let F the force with which man pulls the block.

Fv = 500

F = 50 N
(F - mg) v = 100
solving m = 4 kg

17.

At point 'C', the potential energy is minimum, hence it is a point of stable equilibrium.
Also, from E to F, the slope is negative i.e.,

F=

dU
0
dr

F is +ve so repulsive

Hence, the force of interaction between the particles is repulsive between points E and F.
t

PART - II
1.

(a) Assume 20 kg and 30 kg block to move together

50
= 1 m/s 2
50

a=

frictional force on 20 kg block is

f = 20 1 = 20 N

The maximum value of frictional force is

f max =

1
200 = 100 N
2

Hence no slipping is occurring.

The value of frictional force is f = 20 N.

Distance travelled in t = 2 seconds.

1
1 4 = 2m.
2
Work done by frictional force on upper block is
W fri = 20 2 = 40 J
Ans.
Work done by frictional force on lower block is = 20 2 = 40 J Ans.
(b) Yes Ans.
(c) Work done by frictional force on the upper block is converted to its kinetic energy. Ans.
S=

2.

1 3 L0
k

2 4

v=

1
1
mv2 + k (L0 x)2
2
2

when x < L0

k 3 L0
2

L 0 x
m 4

when x

1 3L 0
1
= mv2
L0 K
2 4
2

v=

3L 0
4

k
m

which is also the maximum speed of the block. Thus, vmax =

3.

(a)

3 L0
4

k
m

For motion to start

5 k mg
> smg
4

RESONANCE

or

5k > 4s

WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 4

(b)

At the final position of the block extension in spring is maximum and the speed of the block is
v = 0. Hence the net work done in taking the block from initial to final position
W = work done by P + work done by spring force F + work done by friction = K = 0
x

= P x Kx 3 . dx kmgx =

5 k mg
Kx 4
x
kmgx = 0
4
4
1/ 3

K mg

solving we get x =
K

4.

At the moment, elongation is maximum, speed of the block becomes zero.

Applying W/E theorem on system

1
. mv2 = W g + W s
2

1
1
. 2.4 = 2.10 . x
. 100 . x2
2
2

3 1

Solving x = 5 m

5.

Applying work-energy theorem between A and B.

3m

37
3m

1
1
mVB2
mVA2 = W gravity + W friction
2
2

1
1
mVB2 m (136) = mg(3 + 3 sin 37) mg cos 37 x 3
2
2

136
VB2

= 48 12
2
2

RESONANCE

VB = 4 m/s

WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 5

6.

Maximum chance of slipping occurs when spring is maximum compressed. At this moment, as force exerted by the spring is maximum, acceleration of the system is maximum. Hence maximum friction force is
required at this moment.
By W/E theorem

1
1
(M + m) V2 =
Kxm2
2
2
Now for upper block

am =

xm =

(M m) V 2
K

kx m
Mm

force on upper block is provided by the friction force. Therefore mg >

For limiting value

V = g

kx m .m
Mm

Mm
k

using values Vmaximum = 20 cm/s

7.

The speed is maximum when acceleration is least

Let displacement of block is x0 when the speed of block is maximum.
At equilibrium, applying Newtons law to the block along the incline
mg sin = mg cos + kx0
..................(1)
Applying work energy theorem to block between initial and final position is
Kf = Ki + mg x0 sin

1
kx02 mg x0 cos ...........(2)
2

Solving (1) and (2) we get,

8.

Vmax = (sin cos) g

m
k

Ans.

Vmax = (sin cos) g

m
K

(i)

Velocity will be maximum when net force = 0.

k.x = N = mg

x=

mg
k

W s + W f = K
2

1 2mg
1 mg
mg
1
k
k
mg
= mv2
2 k
2 k
k
2
On solving

v = g

m
.
k

RESONANCE

WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 6

(ii)

When the particle have velocity equal to zero, then let extension in spring be ' x '.

1 2 mg
k

2 k
2

2 mg

x + 1 k x2
k
2

= mg

2 m 2 g2
2 m 2 g2
1
=2
+ x mg + k x2
k
k
2

x = 0 (at natural length) or x =

2 mg

x = 0
k

2 mg
2 mg
when compression in spring is
i.e. initially
k
k

So at natural length, velocity is zero and spring force is also zero. The block will not return or have velocity
towards left.
9.

(a)

The particle is at equilibrium when F = 0

x (3x 2) = 0

x = 0 and x =

2
m
3

(b)

The particle is in stable equilibrium at x = 0 metre and unstable equilibrium at x =

Since at

(c)

x=0

d 2U

dF
0
dx

dx 2

0 and at

x=

2
m
3

dF
0
dx

The minimum speed imparted to the particle should be such that it just reaches x =

2
metre
3

d 2U
dx 2

2
from there on
3

it shall automatically reach x = 0

2/3

1
mv2 =
2

10.

F=

2/3

F dx = x (3x 2) dx = 1300
27
4

or

v=

2600
m/s
27

U
U
j = [6 i ] + [8] j = 6 i + 8 j
i
y
x

a = 3 i + 4 j

3i 4j a

has same direction as that of u
2
2

|a| = 5
| u | = 5/2

Since u and a are in same direction, particle will move along a straight line
S=
11.

5
1
2+
5 22
2
2

= 5 + 10 = 15 m.

According to W.E. theorem

5
1
mV2 - 0 = (10 4 x ) dx
0
2
V = 10m/s
Force at that moment = (10 + 20) = 30 N
Instantaneous power = 30 10 = 300W

RESONANCE

WORK, POWER & ENERGY - 7