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* Level - 1
* Level - 2
* Level - 3

UNIT - 4
Indefinite - Integration

TRIVANDRUM: T.C.No: 5/1703/30, Golf Links Road, Kowdiar Gardens, H.B. Colony, TVM, 0471-2438271
KOCHI: Bldg.No.41/352, Mulloth Ambady Lane, Chittoor Road, Kochi - 11, Ph: 0484-2370094
 SOLUTIONS
L E V E L - 1 (Objective) w w w. m a t h i i t . i n

2sin x − sin 2 x 2sin x − sin 2x

1. f (x) = ∫ 3
, x ≠ 0. ⇒ f ' ( x) =
x x3
2sin x − sin 2 x  0 
Lim f ′ ( x ) = Lim  form  . Applying L’Hospital’s rule,
0 
x →0 x →0 3
x

2 cos x − 2 cos 2 x  0 
Lim  form  . Again applying L’Hospital’s rule.
0 
x →0 2
3x

−2sin x + 4sin 2 x  0 
= Lim  form  . Again applying L’Hospital’s rule.
x →0 6x 0 
−2 cos x + 8 cos 2 x −2 + 8
= Lim = = 1.
x →0 6 6

x  2x 2 x x x
2. ∫ 1 + sin dx =
2
∫  sin + cos + 2sin cos  dx .
 4 4 4 4

 x x  x x
= ∫  sin + cos  dx = 4  sin − cos  . Comparing 4  sin x − cos x  = A sin  x − π  . ⇒ A = 4 2.
 4 4  4 4    
 4 4 4 4
dx
3.. y = ∫ Let x = tan θ ⇒ dx = sec θ dθ
2

(1 + x )
3/ 2
2

sec2 θ dθ sec2 θ dθ
⇒y=∫ =∫
(1 + tan θ ) 2
1 + tan 2 θ sec2 θ secθ

y = ∫ cos θ dθ ⇒ y = sin θ + c ⇒ y = sin ( tan −1 x ) + c

Putting y = 0, x = 0 ⇒0 = 0 + c ⇒ c = 0 y = sin ( tan 1 x )

−

π 1
−1
when x = 1, y =sin tan 1 = sin ( ) 4
=
2
∴ (D)

cos 4 x + 1 2 cos 2 2 x
4. ∫ cot x − tan x dx = ∫ cos2 x − sin 2 x sin x cos x dx. = ∫ sin 2 x cos 2 x dx. Let sin 2 x = t , 2cos 2 xdx = dt.
1 sin 2 2 x sin 2 2 x 1 1
⇒ − cos4x + c ...........(1).
1
2∫
tdt ⇒ . ⇒ + c.
2 2 4 8 8
1
Comparing ( 1 ) with A cos 4 x + B, we get. A = − & B may have only value.
8

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 dx dx sec 2 x / 2
5. ∫ 5 + 4 cos x =∫
 1 − tan 2 x / 2 
=∫
9 + tan 2 x / 2
dx
5 + 4 
 1 + tan x / 2 
2

1 2x dt 2 1 x
Put tan x / 2 = t , sec dx = dt , 2∫ = tan −1  tan  + c..... ( A ).
2 2 3 +t
2 2
3 3 2

 x 2
Comparing ( A ) with I tan −1  m tan  + c, I = .
 2 3
1 log e a dx
∫ x log a x dx = ∫ x log = log e a ∫ 1
6. dx. Put loge x = t, ⇒ dx = dt.
e x x log e x x
1
log e a ∫ dt = log e a log e (log e x ) + c. is true when x > e.
t

cot −1 (e x ) cot −1 t
7. ∫ dx . Let e x = t then e x dx = dt. ∴∫ dt.
ex t2

cot (e −1 x
) − x + c.
t .t dt . Apply Integration by parts ln (e2 x + 1) −
1
∫ cot
−1 −2
( Ans ).
2 ex

tan −1 x − cot −1 x 2  π  2
∫ tan −1 x + cot −1 x dx. ⇒ π ∫  tan−1 x −  2 − tan−1 x   dx, ∫ 2 tan x dx − ∫ dx.
−1
=
π

2  
dx  − x + c. = .2 x tan −1 x − ln (1 + x 2 ) − x + c. ( Ans : D)
x 4 2
= .2  x tan −1 x ∫
π  1+ x 2
 π π

x4 + 1 B x4 + 1
∫x dx = Al n x + +c A B.2 x
9. Diff both sides w.r.t.' x '. = − .
(x + 1) 1 + x2 x ( x + 1) x (1 + x 2 )2
2 2 2
2

x4 + 1 a bx + c dx + e
Now = + 2 + .
x ( x 2 + 1) x x + 1 ( x 2 + 1)2
2

∴ x4 +1 = a ( x2 +1) + (bx + c) ( x2 +1) x + x + dx2 + ex ..........(1)

2

Putting x = 0 in (1) . α = 1. Comparing coeff of x4 , 1 = a + b ⇒ b = 0.

Comparing coeff of x 3 , 0 = c. Comparing coeff of x 2 , 0 = 2a + b + d ⇒ d = −2.

Comparing coeff of x, 0 = c + e ⇒ e = 0.

x4 + 1 1 2x A 2 Bx
∴ = − = − ∴ A = 1, B = 1
x ( x 2 + 1) x ( x 2 + 1 )2 x ( x 2 + 1)2
2

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 ln x ln x t dt
10. ∫x dx Let t = l n | x |⇒ dt =
dx ∴∫ dx = ∫
1+ l n x x x 1+ l n x 1+ t

t +1 −1  1  (1 + t ) (1 + t )
3/ 2 1/ 2
=∫ dt = ∫  1 + t −  dt = − +c
1+ t  1+ t  3/ 2 1/ 2

2
= (1 + t ) − 3 (1 + t )  + c
3/ 2 1/ 2

3 

1 + l n x (l n x − 2) + c
2
1 + t [1 + t − 3] + c replacing t by l n x
2
= = ∴ ( A ).
3 3

sin 2 x  1 + sin 2 x − 1 
11. ∫ dx. Adding & subtracting 1 we get, ∫  1 + sin 2 x dx
1 + sin 2 x

1 + sin 2 x 1 1
dx.......... ( A) Let I = ∫
1
=∫ dx − ∫ dx = x − ∫ dx.
1 + sin x
2
1 + sin x
2
1 + sin x
2
1 + sin 2 x

sec 2 x sec 2 x dx
Divide both N r & D r by cos 2 x I = ∫ dx, I =∫ .
1 + tan 2 x + tan 2 x 1 + 2 tan 2 x

Put tan x = t , sec2 xdx = dt I = ∫ dt dt

⇒ I =∫
1    1 
2

2 + t2   + 2

 
2 t
2  
 2  
(or )
1
I = . 2 tan −1 2 t or I =
2 2
2 −1
tan ( 2 tan x )
1
12. ∫ sin x.cos x.cos 2 x cos 4 x cos8 x cos16 x dx. =
4∫
sin 4 x cos 4 x cos8 x cos16 x dx

1 1
=
8 ∫ sin 8 x cos8 x cos16 x dx = ∫ sin16 x cos16 x dx.
16

1 − cos 32 x
=
32 ∫ sin 32 x dx =
1024
+ c.

Now ( A) becomes x −
2
2
tan −1 ( )
2 tan x + c, ( Ans : A )

x 2 + cos 2 x 1 + x 2 − (1 − cos 2 x )
13. ∫ . cos ec 2 x dx. =∫ cos ec 2 x dx.
1+ x2 1+ x2

1 + x2 1 − cos 2 x
=∫ .cos ec 2
x dx − ∫ .cos ec 2 x dx = − cot x − tan −1 + c ⇒ ( D ).
1+ x 2
1+ x 2

(or ) − cot x + cot −1 x + c ⇒ ( B ) or − tan −1 x −

cos ec x
+ c ⇒ ( c ).
sec x

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 3e x + 5e − x
14. ∫ 4e x − 5e− x dx . Let 3e x + 5e − x = l ( D r ) + m ( Diff of D r ).

3e x + 5e − x = l ( 4e x − 5e − x ) + m ( 4e x + 5e − x ). Comparing, the coeff of e x & e − x ,

4l + 4m = 3 .......... (1) ×5 −5l + 5m = 5 ............. (2)×4.

7
20l + 20m = 15 or − 20l + 20m = 20 Solving 40m = 35 ⇒ m =
8
7 −1 −1 3e x + 5e− x −1 4e x − 5e− x 7 4e x + 5e− x
4l = 3 −
2
or 4l =
2
. or l =
8 ∫ 4e x − 5e− x dx =
8 ∫ 4e x − 5e− x
dx +
8 ∫ 4e x − 5e − x
dx

−1 −1 7  4e2 x − 5  −1
x + l n ( 4e − 5e ) + c x + l n ( 4 e 2 x − 5 ) − x + c.
7 7 7
= x −x
= x + l n x +c =
8 8 8 8  e  8 8 8

= − x + l n ( 4e 2 x − 5) + c
7
⇒ A = −1, B = 7 / 8 Ans ( D )
8

x −1 1
15. ∫ x + 1 x2
dx Let x = sec θ (Q x should be greater than1) ⇒ θ = sec−1 x ⇒ dx = secθ tan θ dθ .

x −1 1 sec θ − 1 1
∴ ∫ . 2 dx = ∫
x +1 x
.
sec θ + 1 sec2 θ
.sec θ tan θ dθ

θ
1 − cos θ 1 sin θ θ
2 tan
=∫ .cos 2 θ . . dθ = ∫ tan × 2 dθ
1 + cos θ cos θ cos θ 2 1 + tan 2 θ / 2

tan 2 θ / 2 1 − cos θ 
= 2∫ dθ = 2 ∫ sin 2 θ / 2 dθ = 2∫  dθ .
sec θ / 2  2 
2

 
= θ − sin θ + c = sec −1 x − sin (sec −1 x ) + c = sec −1 x − sin  sin −1 x − 1  + c
2

 x 
 

x2 − 1
= sec −1 x − +c ∴ (c )
x
 1
dx dx  x− 
2 + c = sin −1 ( 2 x − 1) + c ⇒ ( B ).
16. ∫ x − x2
=∫
2 2
= sin −1 
1 
1  1  
  − x−   2 
  
2 2
dx dx
(or ) ∫ =∫
x−x 2
x ( 1− x . )
2t dt dt
Put x = t 2 dx = 2t dt ⇒ ∫ = 2∫ = 2sin −1 t + c
t 1− t 2
1− t 2

= 2sin −1 x + c ⇒ ( A ) . Similarly we can check for ( D ) .

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 ∫2 Let y = 2mx . 3nx
mx
17. .3nx dx Taking loge on both sides.

l n y = l n ( 2mx.3nx ) or l n y = mxl n 2 + nxl n 3. or y = e(ml n2+nl n3) x ...........(1) y = ∫ e(

ml n2+nl n3) x
dx.

e(ml n 2+ nl n 3)x 2mx.3nx

y= + c ⇒ (B) (or ) from (1) y= + c ⇒ (c ) .
ml n 2 + nl n 3 l n ( 2 m.3n )
dx 1 dx
18. ∫ cos 3
x sin 2 x
= ∫ 7/ 2
2 cos x sin x
1/2 . Put tan x = t , sec2 xdx = dt.

dt / (1 + t ) 2
1 1+ t2 1  1/2 2 5/2 
=
1
∫ 7/2
2  1   t 
1/ 2
= ∫ 1/ 2 dt
2 t
=
1
2
∫ ( t −1/2 + t 3/2 ) dt =  2t + t  + c
2 5 
   
 1+ t   1+ t 
2 2

=
5
2
( tan 2 x + 5 ) tan x + c ( Ans : B )

dx
19. ∫ 3
sin x cos x 5
= a cot x + b tan 3 x + c Differentiating w.r.t.x

1 ax b
⇒ = . − cos ec 2 x + .3 tan 2 x sec 2 x
3 5 3
sin x cos x 2 cot x 2 tan x

−a cos ec2 x 3b tan2 x sec2 x

⇒1 = sin3 x cos5 x + sin3 x cos5 x
2 cot x 2 tan x + tan x
3

a sin x 1 3b cos x sin x 1

⇒ − × 2 .sin x.cos2 x sin x cos x + . . 2 .sin x.cos2 x sin x cos x = 1
2 cos x sin x 2 sin x cos x cos x
a 3b
⇒ − cos2 x + sin2 x = 1 . Comparing with cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 1
2 2
a 3b 2
⇒− = 1 ⇒ a = −2 & =1⇒ b = ∴ ( A)
2 2 3

cos3 x + cos5 x cos3 x (1+ cos2 x)

21. ∫
sin 2 x + sin 4 x
dx. ∫ sin x (1+ sin x) dx ...........( A).
2 2

Eqn ( A ) becomes
(1 − t )(2 − t )
2 2

Put sin x = t ∴ cos x dx = dt. ∫ t (1 + t ) dt.

2 2

t 4 − 3t 2 + 2 t 4 + t 2 − 4t 2 + 2 t4 + t2 2t 2 − 1
=∫ dt =∫ dt . = ∫ t 4 + t 2 2∫ t 4 + t 2 dt
dt −
t4 + t2 t4 + t2

2t 2 − 1
dt = 1 − 2 ∫  − 12 + 2 3  dt. = t − − 6 tan −1 t
= ∫ dt − 2 ∫
2
t (t + 1)
2 2
 t t +1  t
Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094
 l n ( tan x ) sec2 x 1
22. ∫ sin x cos x dx. Put l n ( tan x) = t , dx = dt or dx = dt
tan x sin x cos x

t2 l n2 ( tan x) l n2 (sin xsec x)

⇒ ∫ tdt = + c ⇒ +c ⇒ + c ⇒(c)
2 2 2

 1  l n 2 (cot x )
 = (l n 1 − l n cot x ) = + c ⇒ ( A) and ( D ).
2
l n2  Ans : A, C , D.
 cot x  2

π π
23. ∫ sec
2 
 2x −
 4


1
2

 dx = tan  2 x −
 4

+c

(Q ∫ sec 2
xdx = tan x ) ∴(B )

 π  π π π
∫ sec  2 x − 4  dx = ∫ sec  2 x − 4 + 2 − 2 dx
2 2

   

 π  π  π  π 
= ∫ sec  −  −  2 x +    dx = ∫ sec  −  2 x +  dx
2 2

 2  4  2  4 

π π

 4
1 
= ∫ cos ec2  2x +  dx = − cot  2x +  + c
2  4
(Q ∫ cos ec xdx = −cot x)
2
∴ ( A)

 π
∫ sec
1 1
 2 x − 4 dx =∫ dx = ∫
2
dx
   π  π
cos 2  2 x −  1 + cos  4 x − 
 4  2
2

dx 1 − sin 4 x (1 − sin 4 x ) dx = 2 1 − sin 4 x

= 2∫ = 2∫
1 + sin 4 x 1 + sin 4 x 1 − sin 4 x
2 ∫ cos 2 4 x
dx

 tan 4 x sec 4 x 
= 2 ∫ (sec 4 x − sec 4 x tan 4 x ) dx = 2 
1
−  + c = ( tan 4 x − sec 4 x ) + c ∴ (C )
2

 4 4  2

3x 4 − 1 ax + b
24. I = ∫ dx . Let I = +c
(x + x + 1)
2
4
x + x +1
4

( Numerator is linear, because after quotient rule, the degree of Nr will become 4, which is required )
d  ax + b  3x 4 − 1
∴   =
dx  x 4 + x + 1  ( x 4 + x + 1) 2

⇒
3x 4 − 1
=
( x4 + x + 1) a − ( ax + b ) ( 4 x3 + 1)
x4 + x + 1 ( x4 + x + 1)
2

−3ax 4 − 4b x3 + a − b
= −x
By comparing coeff ., a = −1, b = 0 ∴ I = +c
( x4 + x + 1) .
2
x + x +1
4

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 SOLUTIONS

L E V E L - 2 (Subjective) w w w. m a t h i i t . i n

9x x 9x x
2 cos cos
cos 5 x + cos 4 x 2 cos cos
1. ∫ 1 − 2 cos 3x dx = ∫ 
2
2 3x
2

dx = ∫ 2 2 dx
2  3 x 
1 − 2  2 cos − 1 3 − 4 cos  
 2   2 

3x
( Now multiply & divide by cos )
2
3x 9x x  3x   9x   x
2 cos cos cos 2 cos   cos   cos  
     2  dx sin2x
= −∫ cos2xdx − ∫ cos xdx =−
2 2
=∫ 2
 3x 
2
 3
2 dx = −
x  ∫  9 x 
− sin x + c
3cos   − 4 cos3   − cos   2
 2   2   2 

ex ex
∫ cos x.e .x dx = x . (cos x + sin x) − ∫ (cos x + sin x ).2 xdx
x 2 2
2.
2 2

x 2e x x 2e x ex
= (cos x + sin x) − xe x sin x + ∫ e x sin x dx = (cos x + sin x) − xe x sin x + (sin x − cos x)
2 2 2

ex  2
=
2  ( x − 1) cos x + ( x − 1) sin x  + c
2


sin ( x − a ) sin ( x − a ) sin x cos a − sin a cos x

3. ∫ sin ( x + a )
dx = ∫ sin ( x − a ) sin ( x + a )
dx = ∫
sin 2 x − sin 2 a
dx

cos a sin x sin a cos x

∫
1− cos 2 x −1+ cos 2 a
dx − ∫ sin2 x − sin2 a
dx

Put u = cos x ⇒ du = − sin xdx Put v = sin x ⇒ dv = cos xdx

− cos a sin a
= ∫ cos a − u
2 2
du − ∫
v − sin 2 a
2
dv

 u 
= cos a cos −1   − sin al n v + v − sin a + c
2 2

 cos a 

 cos x 
= cos a cos −1   − sin a l n sin x + sin x − sin a + c
2 2

 cos a 
Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094
 cot x dx cot x dx cot x dx
4. ∫ (1 − sin x )(sec x + 1) = ∫ (1 − sin x )(1 + cos x ) =∫
(sec x − tan x )(1 + cos x )
cos x

Multiply & divide by sec x + tan x =∫

cot x (sec x + tan x ) dx 1 1 + sin x
=∫ dx
2
(sec 2
x − tan 2 x ) (1 + cos x ) sin x 1 + cos x
 x x
cos + sin 
1 
2
2 2 1  x
=∫ dx = ∫ 1 + tan  dx
sin x 2 cos 2
x 2sin x  2
2 2
 x
(1 + tan 2
x / 2 ) (1 + tan x / 2 )
2
1 + tan 
dx = ∫   sec 2 x dx
2
=∫
4 tan x / 2 x 2
4 tan
2

x 1
Let t = tan ⇒ dt = sec2 x / 2 dx ⇒ 2dt = sec2 x / 2 dx
2 2

(1+ t ) .2dt = 1  1 + 2 + t  dt
2
1 t2
=∫   ⇒ lnt+t+
4t 2t  2 2

1 x x tan 2 x / 2 1 x x 1 x
= l n tan + tan + + c = l n tan + tan + sec 2 + c′ .
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

cos ec x − cot x sec x cos ec x − cot x sec x

5. ∫ cos ec x + cot x
.
1 + 2 sec x
dx = ∫ cos ec 2 x − cot 2 x
.
1 + 2 sec x
dx

1 − cos x cos x
= ∫ s in x c o s x
.
2 + cos x
dx

2sin 2 x / 2 1 + tan 2 x / 2 1 + tan 2 x / 2 tan x / 2 sec 2 x / 2

=∫ . . dx , ∫ dx
x x 1 − tan 2 x / 2 2 + 2 tan 2 x / 2 + 1 − tan 2 x / 2 1 − tan 2 x / 2 3 + tan 2 x / 2
2sin cos
2 2
x 2 x x x x
Let t = sec2 ⇒ dt = sec2 tan dx or tan 2 = sec2 −1
2 2 2 2 2 2

dt dt t 1 x
=∫ =∫ = sin−1   = sin−1  sec2  + c
2 −t 2 +t 4 −t2  2 2 2

dx 2 cos x dx cos x − sin x + cos x + sin x

6. ∫ sin x + sec x = ∫ sin 2 x + 2 =∫
2 + sin 2 x
dx

c o s x − s in x c o s x + sin x
∫ dx − ∫ dx
1 + (s i n x + c o s x ) − 3 + (s i n x − c o s x )2
2
↓ ↓

Let u = sinx + cosx ⇒ du = (cosx - sinx) dx Let v = sinx - cosx ⇒ dv = (cosx + sinx) dx

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 du dv 1 v− 3
=∫ −∫ = tan −1 (u ) − ln +c
1+ u 2
−3 + v 2 2 3 v+ 3

1 3 + sin x − cos x
= tan −1 (sin x + cos x ) + ln +c
2 3 3 − sin x + cos x

tan x + tan 2 x tan x + tan 2 x

7. ∫ tan x tan 2 x tan 3 x dx tan 3 x =
1 − tan x tan 2 x
⇒ 1 − tan x tan 2 x =
tan 3 x
tan x + tan 2 x tan 3x − tan x − tan 2 x
⇒ tan x tan 2 x = 1 − =
tan 3 x tan 3 x

tan 3 x − tan x − tan 2 x

∫ tan x tan 2 x tan 3 x dx = ∫
tan 3 x
tan 3 x dx

1 1
= l n sec 3 x − l n sec x − l n sec 2 x + c
3 2
x2 x cos x . x sec x
9. ∫ ( x sin x + cos x ) 2
dx = ∫
( x sin x + cos x )
2
dx

x cos x du −1
Let u = ⇒ =
( x sin x + cos x ) dx x sin x + cos x
2

v = x sec x, ∫ v dx = sec x + x sec x tan x = sec x (cos x + x sin x )

2

x sec x x sec x
∴I = + ∫ sec2 x dx = + tan x + c
cos x + x sin x cos x + x sin x

10. I = ∫
(
l n cos x + cos 2 x ) dx.
sin 2 x

(
= ∫ cos ec 2 x. l n cos x + cos 2 x dx ) ( ( ))
= ∫ cos ec 2 x. l n sin x cot x + cot 2 x − 1 dx.

= ∫ cos ec 2 x.ln (sin x ) dx + ∫ cos ec2 x. l n(cot x + cot 2 x − 1)dx.

( )
I 2 = ∫ cos ec 2 x. l n cot x + cot 2 x − 1 dx Put cot x = t ⇒ − cos ec 2 xdx = dt

( )
∴ I 2 = − ∫ l n t + t 2 − 1 dt . Integrating by parts,

( )
I 2 = − l n t + t 2 − 1 .t + ∫
t dt
t 2 −1
. ( )
or I2 =− t ln t + t 2 −1 + t 2 −1 + c............ (1)

Now I1 = ∫ cos ec 2 x l n (sin x ) dx. Integrating by parts, I1 = l n (sin x ). − cot x − ∫ cot x ( − cot x)dx

= − cot xl n (sin x ) − cot x − x........... ( 2) Now I = I1 + I 2

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 ( ( ))
I = − cot x (l n x ) − cot x − x − cot x l n cot x + cot 2 x −1 + cot 2 x −1 + c

(or ) ( )
I = − cot x l n cos x + cos 2 x − cot x − x + cot 2 x − 1 + c

sin x 1
11. ∫ sin x + cos x
dx = ∫
1 + cot x
dx

Let t 2 = cot x ⇒ 2t dt = − cos ec 2 x dx = − cos ec 2 x dx = − (1 + t 4 ) dx

2t dt
I =∫
− (1 + t 4 ) (1 + t )

2t −2 1 at 3 + bt 2 + ct + d −1 − t 4 + at 3 + bt 2 + ct + d
Now = + =
(1 + t 4 ) (1 + t ) 2 1 + t 1+ t4 (1 + t ) (1 + t 4 )
a − 1 = 0, a + b = 0, b + c = 0, d + c = 2, d − 1 = 0 (by comparing coefficients of t 4 , t 3 , t 2 , t and const)
⇒ a = 1, b = −1, c = 1, d = 1 .

2t −1 t 3 − t 2 + t + 1  −1 t 3 − t 2 + t + 1 
∴ = + ∴ = ∫−
I +  dt
(1 + t 4 ) (1 + t ) 1 + t 1+ t4  1 + t 1 + t 4


 1 t3 t 2 −1 t  1 1 4t 3 1 − 1/ t 2 t
I = ∫ − + − 4
dt = ∫ 1 + t 4 ∫ 1 + t 4 ∫ 2 1 dt − ∫ 1 + t 4 dt
dt − dt −
1 + t 1 + t 1 + t 1 + t 
4 4
t + 2
t

1 − 1/ t 2
ln (1 + t 4 ) − I1 − I 2 dt , Let t + = v ⇒ dv = (1 − 1 / t 2 ) dt
1
= ln (1 + t ) −
1
I1 = ∫ 2
4  1 t
t +  − 2
 t

dv 1 v− 2 1 t 2 − 2t + 1
=∫ = l n = l n I2 = ∫
t
dt , Let z = t 2 ⇒ dz = 2t dt
v2 − 2 2 2 v + 2 2 2 t 2 + 2t + 1 1+ t 4

1 dz 1 1
⇒ I2 = ∫
2 1+ z 2
= tan −1 z = tan −1 t 2
2 2

1 1 t 2 − 2t + 1 1
∴ I = l n (1 + t ) − ln(1 + t 4 ) − ln 2 − tan −1 t 2 + c
4 2 2 t + 2t + 1 2

x cos 3 x − sin x
12. I = ∫ esin x 2
dx . Let t = sin x ⇒ dt = cos x dx, cos x = 1 − t 2
cos x
x cos3 x − t dt  t 
∴ I = ∫ et = ∫ et  x − 3 
dt
cos 2 x cos x  cos x

   
t  dt = et sin −1 t + 1 − 1 − t
⇒ I = ∫ et sin −1 t − ∫   dt

 ( ) 
1 − t 2 3/2 

1 − t 2
1 − t 2
( ) 
1 − t 2 3/2 

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

   
1  t  1 t  et
= ∫ et sin−1 t +  dt − ∫  1− t 2 1− t 2 3/2 
e + dt = et
sin −1
t − (Put t = sin x)
 1− t 2 
 ( )  1− t 2

 1  sin x
⇒ I = e sin x  x − = e [ x − sec x ]
 cos x 

dx sin x dA ( a + b cos x ) cos x − sin x ( −b sin x )

13. I = ∫ . Let A = =
( a + b cos x ) a + b cos x ( a + b cos x )
2 2
dx

a cos x + b cos 2 x + b sin 2 x

=
( a + b cos x )
2

a a2
a cos x + b (b cos x + a ) + b −
b = b−a /b +
2
a
= = b
( a + b cos x ) ( a + b cos x ) ( a + b cos x ) b ( a + b cos x )
2 2 2

 b − a2 / b a 
⇒ ∫ dA = A = ∫  + dx
 ( a + b cos x )2 b ( a + b cos x ) 
 

 b2 − a 2  dx a 1 a
= ∫ = A− ∫ dx = A − I1
 b  ( a + b cos x )
2
b ( a + b cos x ) b

dx 1 + tan 2 x / 2 sec 2 x / 2 dx
I1 = ∫ =∫ dx = ∫
a + b cos x ( a − b ) tan 2 x / 2 + a + b x
( a − b ) tan 2 + a + b
2
x 1 x x
Let t = tan ⇒ dt = sec 2 dx ⇒ sec 2 dx = 2dt
2 2 2 2
2 dt 2 1  a −b x 2  a −b x
∴∫ = × tan −1  tan  = tan −1  tan 
(a − b)t + a + b a − b a + b
2
 a+b 2 a 2 − b2  a+b 2

b2 − a2 dx a b2 − a2  a−b x
×∫ sin x a 2
∴ = A − I1 ⇒ ×I = − tan −1  tan 
( a + b cos x ) a + b cos x b  a+b
2
b b b a −b
2 2 2

b sin x 2a  a −b x
⇒ I =− + tan −1  tan  + c
(a − b )(a + b cos x ) (a 2 − b 2 )
2 2 3/ 2
 a+b 2

cos 2 x cos 2 x 1 − 2sin 2 x

14. ∫ sin x
dx =∫
sin x cos 2 x
dx =∫
sin x cos 2 x
dx

dx sin x
=∫ − 2∫ dx
sin x cos 2 x cos 2 x

dx sin x cosec2x sin x

=∫ −2∫ dx ⇒∫ dx −2∫ dx
sin x cos2 x −sin2 x 2cos2 x −1 cot2 x −1 2cos2 x −1

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 cos ec 2 x
= I1 − 2 I 2 ⇒ I1 = ∫ dx, Let u = cot x ⇒ du = − cos ec 2 xdx
cot x − 1
2

du
= −∫ = −l n u + u 2 − 1 + c = −l n cot x + cot 2 x − 1 + c
u −1
2

sin x − dt
I2 = ∫ dx, Let t = cos x ⇒ dt = − sin xdx = ∫
2cos2 x − 1 2t 2
− 1

1 1
⇒ I2 = − ln 2 t + 2t 2 − 1 = − l n 2 cos x + 2cos 2 x − 1 ,
2 2

cot x 1 2 co tx 2cot 2 x −1 − cot 2 x

cos x = ∴ I2 = − ln +
1 + cot 2 x 2 1 + cot 2 x 1 + cot 2 x

−1 2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1 = −1 l 2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1

= ln n
2 1 + cot x
2 2 2cot 2 x − (cot 2 x − 1)

−1/ 2
−1 2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1 −1  2 cot x − cot 2 x − 1 
= ln = ln  
2 2 cot x − cot 2 x − 1 2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1 2  2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1 

1 2 cot x − cot 2 x − 1
= ln
2 2 2 cot x + cot 2 x − 1

 1 2 cot x − cot 2 x − 1 
∴ I = I1 − 2I 2 = −  ln(cot x + cot 2 x − 1) + ln 
 2 2 cot x + cot x − 1 
2 


cos x sin x
−
cot x − tan x cos x − sin x
∫ dx = ∫ sin x cos x dx
15. =∫ dx
1 + 3sin 2 x 1 + 3sin 2 x sin x cos x (1 + 3sin 2 x )

2 (cos x − sin x) 2 ( cos x − sin x )

=∫ dx =∫ dx
sin 2x (1+ 3(sin 2x +1) − 3) (sin x + cos )
2
(
− 1 3 (sin x + cos x ) − 2
2
)
2 dt
Let t = sin x + cos x ⇒ dt = (cos x − sin x ) dx ∴ I = ∫
t 2 − 1 (3t 2 − 2 )

1
2− dy
1 −1 2 .(−1/ y ) dy 2
y2
Let t = ⇒ dt = 2 dy ∴ I = ∫ =∫
(1/ y 2 ) −1 ((3 / y 2 ) − 2) 1 − y 2 (3 − 2 y )
2
y y
y y2

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 − 2 y dy
=∫
1 − y 2 (3 − 2 y 2 ) Let 1 − y 2 = z 2 ⇒ −2 y dy = 2 z dz

 
⇒ I =∫
2 zdz
z (1 + 2 z 2 )
=
2
2
tan −1 ( )
2 z +c = tan −1 ( )  1
2(1 − y 2 ) = tan −1  2  1 − 2

  t
 


 2 t 2 −1   2 (sin x + cos x ) −1 
 = tan −1  2 sin 2 x  + c
2
−1 
= tan −1   = tan  

 t 

 sin x + cos x 
 sin x + cos x 
 

5 x 4 + 4 x5 ax + b
16. I = ∫ dx . Let I = +c
(x + x + 1) x + x +1
5 2 5

[Numerator is linear because after doing quotient rule, then Numerator will have degree 5 or else not ]

d  ax + b  5 x 4 + 4 x5
∴  5
5x 4 + 4 x5 ( x5 + x + 1) a − ( ax + b ) (5 x 4 + 1)
= ⇒ =
dx  x + x + 1  ( x5 + x + 1)2 ( x5 + x + 1)
2
( x5 + x + 1)
2

ax 5 + ax + a − 5ax 5 − ax − 5bx 4 − b −4ax 5 − 5bx 4 + ( a − b )

= =
(x + x + 1) (x + x + 1)
5 2 5 2

− x −1
Comparing coefficents a = −1, b = −1 ∴I = +c
x + x +1
5

(x 2
+ 1) (( x + 1) − 2 x ) dx
2

∫ e ( x + 1) dx = ∫ e x
x
18.
( x + 1)
2 2

2  dx = e x − 2e = e x (
 2x + 2 − 2   1 1  x
x − 1)
= ∫ e x 1 − = ∫ e x dx − ∫ 2e x  − +c
( x + 1) 2 
dx
  x + 1 ( x + 1)  x +1 x +1

19. I = ∫ x + x 2 + 2 dx . Let x + x 2 + 2 = p ⇒ x 2 − 2 = p 2 + x 2 − 2 px ( by squaring )

−2 + p 2 2 p ( 2 p ) − ( p2 − 2 ) 2 p 2 + 2 (p 2
+ 2)
⇒ x= ⇒ dx = = dp ∴ =∫ p. dp
2p 4 p2 2 p2 2 p2

1 2 p 3/ 2
( )
3/ 2
1 2
1 = . − 2 p −1/ 2 + c = x + x2 + 2 − +c
⇒ I = ∫ p dp + ∫ p −3/2 dp
( )
1/ 2
2 3 3 x+ x2 + 2
2

  x2 + 1     1 
 x 2 + 1 (l n( x 2 + 1) − 2 ln x )  l n    l n 1 + 2  
1 + 2   3   dx .
x + 1   x2   1 x
20. I = ∫   dx =∫
2
=∫ dx
 x4  x 2
 x 3
 x  x 
   
 
 

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 1 −2 1
Let t 2 = 1 + 2
⇒ 2tdt = 3 dx ⇒ 3 dx = −tdt
x x x

 t3 t 3 1  −2t 3 2
∴ I = ∫ t.l n t 2 (−tdt ) = −∫ 2t 2l n tdt = −2 l n t. − ∫ × dt  = l n t + t3 + c
 3 3 t  3 9
3/2
 1 
1 + 2   
1/2
2 2
( )
1   = x + 1 x + 1  2 − 3l n 1 + 1   + c
=
t3 x 
= [2 − 3 × 2l n t ]  2 − 3 × 2l n 1 + 2     2 
9 9   x   9 x3   x 

 1  dx dx
21. I = ∫ l n(l n x) + 2
dx Let t = l n x ⇒ dt = = t ⇒ dx = et dt ⇒ x = et
 ( ) 
l n x x e

 1 et x
∴ I = ∫ l n t + 2  et dt = ∫ et l n t +  dt − ∫ et  − 2  dt = e l n t − = xl n (l n x ) −
1 1 1 t
+c
 t   t t t  t lnx

dx dx
22. I = ∫ = ∫
(( x − 1) . ( x + 2 ) ) 5 1/ 4
 x+2
3 1/ 4

( x − 1)( x + 2)  
 x −1 

Let t 4 =
x+2
⇒ 4t 3dt =
( x − 1) − ( x + 2 ) dx
x −1 ( x − 1)
2

−3 −4 3
⇒ 4t 3 dt = dx ⇒ dx = t ( x − 1) dt
2

( x − 1)
2
3

(−4 / 3) t 3 ( x − 1) dt
2
−4 t 3 1 4  x −1 
1/ 4
4 1 4
∴I =∫ = ∫ . 4 . dt = − ∫ 2 dt = =   +c
( x − 1)( x + 2 ) t 3 t t 3 t 3t 3 x+2

dx dx
23. I =∫ =∫
(x 3
+ 3 x + 3 x + 1) x + 2 x − 3
2 2
( x + 1) ( x + 1)
3 2
−4

Let t = x + 1 ⇒ dt = dx . ⇒ I = ∫ dt
t3 t2 − 4
2 sec θ tan θ dθ
Let t = 2 sec θ ⇒ dt = 2 sec θ tan θ d θ ⇒ I = ∫
(2 sec θ ) (2 secθ )
3
−4
3 2

dθ = 1 (
=∫
2secθ tan θ dθ 1
= ∫ cos2 θ
tan θ 1 + cos 2θ )
8sec θ × 2 sec θ − 1
3 2 8 tan θ ∫ 8 2
dθ

1  sin 2θ  1  −1  2  1 2 2
= θ+ ⇒I= cos   + × 2 1 − 2 × 
16  2  16  t 2 t t

1  2  1 t − 2 = 1 cos −1  2  + 1
2 x2 + 2 x − 3
= cos −1   +   +c
t 8 ( x + 1)
2
16 t 8 t
2 16

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

24. I= ∫
( ax 2
− b ) dx
=∫
( ax 2
− b ) dx

x c 2 x 2 − ( ax 2 + b )
2 2
 ax 2 + b 
x.cx 1 −  
 cx 

ax 2 + b cx ( 2 ax ) − ( ax 2 + b ) c 2acx 2 − acx 2 − bc
Let t = ⇒ dt = dx ⇒ dt = dx
cx c2 x2 c2 x2

dt =
(ax 2
− b)c
dx ∴ I = ∫
dt
= −1
= −1  ax + b 
2
sin t sin  +k
c2 x2 1− t2  cx 

e x (2 − x2 )  1 + 1 − x2 
25. I =∫ dx ⇒ I = ∫e  x
dx
(1 − x ) 1 − x2  (1 − x ) 1 − x 2 

 1 1 − x2   1 1+ x  1+ x
= ∫ ex  + dx = ∫  (1 − x )3/2 1 − x 1 − x dx =
 + ∫e +C
x x
e
 (1 − x ) 1 − x 2 1− x  1− x
  

xdx xdx
26. I =∫ =∫
(7 x − 10 − x ) 2 3/2 3/ 2
9  7 
2

 −  x −  
4  2 

7 3 3
 + sin θ  cos θ dθ .
Let x − = sin θ , dx = cos θ dθ . I = ∫  2 2 2
7 3 3
2 2 2 27
cos3 θ
8

=
2
9 ∫ ( 7 sec 2 θ + 3sec θ tan θ ) dθ = ( 7 tan θ + 3 sec θ ) + c
2
9

  2x − 7  
27 +3
2 ( 7 sin θ + 3)   3   2 ( 7 x − 20 )
= +c = +c = +c
9 cos θ −
2
− − 2
 2 x 7  9 7 x 10 x
9 1−  
 3 

xl n x x
27. ∫ dx = ∫ l n x. dx
(x − 1)
( x 2 − 1)
3/ 2
2 3/2

x 1 x 1 dt 1 1 dt
l n x∫ dx − ∫ ∫ dx = l n x. ∫ 3/2 − ∫ . ∫ 3/2
(x − 1) x ( x − 1)
2 3/ 2 2 3/ 2
2 t x 2 t

. − 2t −1/2 − ∫ . ( −2t −1/2 )dt

lnx 1 1
=
2 x 2
−l n x 1 −l n x
⇒ +∫ dx ⇒ + sec −1 x + c
x −1 2
x. x − 1 2
x −1
2

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 1 − x dx 1− x 1− t3 − (1 + t 3 ) 3t 2 − (1 − t 3 ) 3t 2 −6t 2
28. I =∫ 3 . , Let t =
3
⇒x= ⇒ dx = =
1+ x x 1+ x 1+ t3 (1 + t 3 ) (1 + t 3 )
2 2

1+ t3 −6t 3 −6 t 3 1 1 1 1 
∴ I = ∫t × ×
1 − t 3 (1 + t 3 )2
dt = ∫ (1 − t 3 )(1 + t 3 ) dt = − 6∫  2 1 − t 3 − 2 1 + t 3  dt
1 1 1+ t − t − t2 + t2 1− t + t − t2 + t2
= 3∫ dt − 3∫ dt = 3∫ dt − 3∫ dt
1+ t3 1− t3 1+ t3 1− t3
 1− t
= 3 ∫
t2 (1 + t ) dt − t 2 dt 
 1− t + t
2
dt + ∫ 1 + t 3 ∫ 1 + t + t 2 ∫ 1 − t 3 
dt −

 −1 ( 2t − 1) − 1 1 3t 2 1 ( 2t + 1) + 1 1 3t 2 
⇒ I = 3 ∫ dt + ∫ dt − ∫ dt − ∫ dt 
 2 1− t + t 3 1+ t3 2 1+ t + t2 3 1− t3 
2

 −1 
⇒ I = 3  l n (1− t + t 2 ) + ∫ + l n (1+ t 3 ) − l n (1+ t + t 2 ) − ∫ − l n (1− t 3 )
1 dt 1 1 1 dt 1
2 2 1− t + t 3
2
2 2 1+ t + t 3
2

  1 + t 3 1/ 3 1 1 1 
= 3 l n  3 
− l n (1 − t + t 2 )(1 + t + t 2 ) + I 1 − I 2 
  1 − t  2 2 2 


dt dt 2  t − 1/ 2   t + 1/ 2 
I1 = ∫ =∫ = tan −1   I2 = ∫
dt
=∫
dt
=
2
tan −1  
1− t + t 2
 1 3
2
3  3/2  1+ t + t 2
 1 3
2
3  3/2 
t −  + t +  +
 2 4  2 4

∴ Substituting these in I , we get the answer.

I =∫
x+2 (t − 1) + 2
2
30. dx Let x + 1 = t 2 ⇒ dx = 2tdt. I= ∫ t − 1 + 3 t − 1 + 3 t dt
( x + 3 x + 3) x + 1 (( ) ( ) )
2 2
2 2

1
t 2 +1 2
+ 1+ 2
I = 2∫ 4 t 1
t +1− 2t 2 + 3t 2 − 3 + 3
dt = 2
∫ t 4 + t 2 + 1dt = 2 ∫ 2 t 1 dt
1 t +1+ 2
1 + 2 dt t
1  1
= 2∫ t . Let t − = z ⇒ 1 + 2  dt = dz.
 t 
2
 1 t
t −  + 3
 t  1
t −   
dz 2 −1  t 2 x
= 2∫ = tan +c = tan −1   + c

( 3)  3( x + 1) 
2
z2 + 3 3 3

1 1 1
f ( x) = tan−1 x + l n 1+ x − l n 1− x , f ′ ( x) = + +
34. 1 + x 2 (1 + x ) 2 (1 − x )
2

1 1 2 1 1 2 1
= + = 4 .
Let t = x 4 ∴ g (t ) = . f ′ ( x ) = × =
1+ x 1− x
2 2
1− x 2 2 1− t 1− t
1
∴ ∫ g (t ) dt = ∫ dt = −l n (1 − t ) + c = −l n(1 − x 4 ) + c
1− t

Trivandrum: 0471-2438271 Kochi: 0484-2370094

 SOLUTIONS
L E V E L - 3 (Questions asked from previous Engineering Exams) www.mathiit.in

3x + 1
2. ∫ ( x − 1) ( x + 1) dx
3

3x + 1 p q r s
= + + +
( x − 1) ( x + 1) ( x − 1)
3 3
( x − 1)
2
( x − 1) x + 1
3 x + 1 = p ( x + 1) + q ( x − 1)( x + 1) + r ( x − 1) ( x + 1) + s ( x − 1)
2 3

Put x = 1, 4 = 2 p ⇒ p = 2 . Put x = −1, − 2 = −8 s ⇒ s = 1 / 4.

1
Comparing the coeff of x 3 , 0 = r + s ⇒ r = − s ⇒ r = − .
4
1
Comparing the constant, 1 = p − q + r − s ⇒ q = .
2
3x + 1 2 1 dx 1 dx 1 dx
∫ ( x − 1) ( x + 1) dx = ∫ ( x − 1)
3 3
dx +
2 ( x − 1) 4 x − 1 4 ∫ x + 1
∫ 2
− ∫ + .

1 1 −1 1 1  x +1 x +1
=− − + log ( x − 1) + log ( x + 1) + c = log   − + c.
( x − 1)
2
2 ( x − 1) 4 4 4  x − 1  2 ( x − 1)
2

3. Let f ( x ) = ax2 + bx + c, f (1) = − 3 ⇒ −3 = a + b + c

f (0) = −3, ⇒ c = −3. Now 3 f ( 2) = −3 ⇒3( 4a + 2b + c ) = −3

x2 − x − 3
a = 1, b = −1, c = −3. ∴ f ( x ) = x 2 − x − 3. Now ∫ x3 − 1 dx

x2 − x − 3 P qx + r x2 − x − 3 −1 2 ( x + 1)
= + 2
( x − 1) ( x + x + 1) x − 1 x + x + 1
2
∴ ∫ ( x − 1) ( x 2 + x + 1) dx = ∫ x − 1 dx + ∫ x2
+ x +1
dx

1 2x + 1 1 1 2x +1 dx
=−∫ dx + ∫ 2 dx + ∫ 2 dx. = − ∫ dx + ∫ 2 dx + ∫
x −1 x + x +1 x + x +1 x −1 x + x +1 1  3
2 2

x+  + 
 2  2 

 2x +1   x2 + x + 1  2  2x +1 
= − log ( x − 1) + log ( x 2 + x + 1) +
2
tan −1   + c = log  + tan −1   + c.
3  3   x −1  3  3 

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  cosθ + sin θ 
4. ∫ cos2θ.ln  cosθ − sinθ  dθ............( A)
 cosθ + sin θ   1 + tan θ  π 
Now l n   = l n  = l n tan  + θ 
 cosθ − sin θ   1 − tan θ  4 

π θ  1 π 
∫ secθ dθ = l n tan  4 + 2  , ∫ sec 2θ dθ = 2 l n tan  4 +θ 
d  π 
2 sec 2θ = ln  tan  + θ   ............ (i )
dθ  4 

1 π  1
Integrating ( A ) by parts I = sin 2 θ l n tan  + θ  − ∫ sin 2 θ .2 sec 2θ dθ by (i ).
2 4  2

1 π  1 π  1
= sin 2 θ l n tan  + θ  − ∫ tan 2θ d θ . = sin 2 θ l n tan  + θ  − l n sec 2θ + c.
2 4  2 4  2

cos 2 x sin 4 x cos 2 x ( 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x )

5. ∫ cos x (1 + cos
4 2
2x)
dx I = 4∫
(1 + cos 2 x )
2
(1 + cos 2
2x)
dx

t2
Let cos 2 x = t ∴ − 2 sin 2 xdx = dt . ∴ I = −4 ∫ dt
(1 + t )
2
(1 + t )
2

t2 P q rt + s
= + + or t 2 = p (1 + t 2 ) + q (1 + t ) (1 + t 2 ) + ( rt + s ) (1 + t 2 ) ,
(1 + t ) (1 + t ) (1 + t ) (1 + t ) 1 + t 2
2 2 2

1 1 1
Put t = 1, t 2 = −1, p = , q = − , r = , s = 0
2 2 2

 
 1 
− log (1 + t ) + log (1 + t 2 ) .
1 1 1 1
⇒ I = − 4∫  − +  dt = − 2 −
 2 (1 + t ) 2 (1 + t ) 2 (1 + t 2 ) 
2
 1+ t 2 
 

+ 2 log (1 + cos 2 x ) − log (1 + cos 2 2 x ) = sec 2 x + 2 log (1 + cos 2 x ) − log (1 + cos 2 2 x ) + c.

2
= 2
2 cos x

x3 + 3 x + 2 x ( x2 + 1) + 2 ( x + 1)
∫
x dx
6. dx. I = ∫ dx = ∫ (x dx + 2∫ .......... (1)
(x + 1) ( x + 1) (x + 1) ( x + 1) + 1) ( x + 1) (1 + x )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2

Bx + c
∴ x = A (1 + x 2 ) + ( Bx + c )(1 + x )
x A
Let = + .
(1 + x ) (1 + x ) 1 + x 1 + x 2
2

−1 1
Putting x = −1, A = . Putting x = 0, 0 = A + C ⇒ C = − A =
2 2
1
Putting x = 1, 1 = 2 A + 2 ( B + C ) = 2 A + 2 B + 2C = −1 + 2 B + 1 ∴B= .
2

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 1 1
x+
x −1
∴∫ dx = ∫ dx + ∫ 2 2 dx
(1 + x ) (1 + x )
2
2 (1 + x ) 1+ x 2

−1 1 x 1 dx
= log 1 + x + ∫ dx + ∫
2 2 1+ x 2
2 1 + x2
−1
log 1 + x + log (1 + x 2 ) + tan −1 x...... ( 2 )
1 1
=
2 4 2
dx
Now 2 ∫ , put x = tan θ , dx = sec 2 θ dθ .
(1 + x ) 2 2

sec2 θ  sin 2θ 
2∫ dθ = 2 ∫ cos 2 θ dθ = ∫ (1 + cos 2θ )dθ = θ + 
(1 + tan θ )  2 
2 2

 x 1  x
=  tan −1 x + . −1
 = tan x +
 1+ x 2
1 + x2  1 + x2

tan −1 x − log 1 + x + log (1 + x 2 ) +

3 1 1 x
Now from (1) I= + c.
2 2 4 1 + x2

7. f ( x ) = ∫ e x ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) dx. f ′ ( x ) = e x ( x − 1)( x − 2 )

For decreasing function , f ′ ( x ) < 0 ⇒ e x ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) < 0.

x ∈ (1, 2 ) Ans is ( c )

 2x + 2 
∫sin dx ............( A)
−1
8. 
 4x +8x +13 
2

Let 2 x + 2 = 3 tan θ ⇒ 2dx = 3sec θdθ

2

 3 tan θ  3 2
∴ ( A) becomes ∫ sin −1  . sec θ dθ .
 3sec θ  2
3
= ∫ sin −1 (sin θ ) sec 2 θ dθ .
2
=
3
2 ∫ θ sec 2 θ dθ =
3
2
(
θ tan θ − ∫ tan θ dθ )
3  2x + 2  2x + 2  1 
=  tan −1   − log ( 4 x + 8 x + 13)  + c
2

2 3  3  2 

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