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Sqlii Workshop Notes

The document describes various SQL functions including data type conversion functions like CONVERT, aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, MAX, MIN, date/time functions like DATEFORMAT, DAYNAME, MONTHNAME, string functions like LENGTH, SUBSTRING, TRIM, REPLACE, and SQL syntax for SELECT statements including usage of WHERE, ORDER BY clauses and comparison operators. Examples are provided for each function and syntax construct.

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81 views

Sqlii Workshop Notes

The document describes various SQL functions including data type conversion functions like CONVERT, aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, MAX, MIN, date/time functions like DATEFORMAT, DAYNAME, MONTHNAME, string functions like LENGTH, SUBSTRING, TRIM, REPLACE, and SQL syntax for SELECT statements including usage of WHERE, ORDER BY clauses and comparison operators. Examples are provided for each function and syntax construct.

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api-230427224
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SQL Syntax and functions

PowerPoint, reference material and exercise can be downloaded at :


http://cdr.websams.edb.gov.hk/
CONVERT function [Data type conversion]
Returns an expression converted to a supplied data type.
CONVERT( datatype, expression [ , format-style ] )
e.g. SELECT CONVERT(integer, 5.2) from dummy
COUNT function [Aggregate]
Counts the number of rows in a group depending on the specified parameters.
COUNT(* | expression | DISTINCT expression )
e.g. SELECT COUNT(*) FROM TB_HSE_COMMON;
SUM function [Aggregate]
Returns the total of the specified expression for each group of rows.
SUM( expression | DISTINCT expression )
e.g. SELECT SUM(WEIGHT) FROM vw_stu_lateststudent
MAX function [Aggregate]
Returns the maximum expression value found in each group of rows.
MAX( expression | DISTINCT expression )
e.g. SELECT MAX(WEIGHT) FROM vw_stu_lateststudent
MIN function [Aggregate]
Returns the minimum expression value found in each group of rows.
MIN( expression | DISTINCT expression )
e.g. SELECT MIN(WEIGHT) FROM vw_stu_lateststudent

DATEFORMAT function [Date and time]


Returns a string representing a date expression in the specified format.
DATEFORMAT( datetime-expression, string-expression )
e.g. SELECT DATEFORMAT('1989-01-01', 'Mmm dd, yyyy') from dummy
DAYNAME function [Date and time]
Returns the name of the day of the week from a date.
DAYNAME( date-expression )
e.g. SELECT DAYNAME('1987/05/02') from dummy
MONTHNAME function [Date and time]
Returns the name of the month from a date.
MONTHNAME( date-expression )
e.g. SELECT MONTHNAME('1998-09-05') from dummy
LENGTH function [String]
Returns the number of characters in the specified string.
LENGTH( string-expression )
e.g. SELECT LENGTH('websams') from dummy
SUBSTRING function [String]
Returns a substring of a string.
{ SUBSTRING | SUBSTR } ( string-expression, start[, length ] )
e.g. SELECT SUBSTR('websams',2,3) from dummy
TRIM function [String]
Removes leading and trailing blanks from a string.
TRIM( string-expression )
e.g. SELECT TRIM(' websams ') from dummy
REPLACE function [String]
Replaces a string with another string, and returns the new results.
REPLACE( original-string, search-string, replace-string )
e.g. SELECT replace('websams', 'web', 'xxx') from dummy

SQL Syntax and functions


_____________________________________________________________________
SELECT column_list
FROM table_list
[WHERE search_condition]
[ORDER BY {column_list | column_index}]
_____________________________________________________________________
SELECT column_list FROM table_list
Example:
SELECT * FROM TB_STU_Student
select enname, chname from TB_STU_STUDENT
_____________________________________________________________________
ORDER BY
select classcode, classno, enname, chname from TB_STU_STUDENT
order by classcode desc, classno asc
_____________________________________________________________________
WHERE
_ Comparison: =, <, >, <=, >=, <>
_ Range: [NOT] BETWEEN start_value AND end_value
_ Membership: [NOT] IN (value list)
_ Pattern Match: [NOT] LIKE pattern_string
_ Wildcard characters : % _
_ NULL: IS [NOT] NULL
Example:
SELECT ClassCode, EnName, ChName FROM TB_STU_Student
WHERE EnName LIKE 'CHAN %' ORDER BY EnName

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