cant © Gace at Study Guide Directions This chapter focuses on the elements and principles of art. As you read, complete the following: For use with pages 4-19 1, List three benefits of learning the language of visual art. (a). ) ©. 2. List the seven elements of art in the lefthand column. Then, for each element, choose one artwork from ArtTalk and describe how the element is used in that, artwork. Elements of Art Used in Figure & 3. Explain how artists use the principles of art. ‘4. What is the material used to make art called?. ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalke |5. Define the term perceive. 6. How can a person develop perceptual skills? 7, List and define the three basic properties of works of art (a). (b). © Artworks have credit lines that list six or more important facts about a work of art. Pretend you have created a work of art and write a credit line for the artwork, 9. List the five common functions of art. Then briefly describe each function. Functions of Art Descriptions 10. Identify five sources of inspiration that artists use. (@). @). © @). ©. ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps Cre © GeronaCape © Gena at Name Date Class Period Study Guide py for wth paps 248 Directions — This chapter focuses on the process of art criticism and the aesthetic theories. As you read, complete the following 1. What is art criticism?, 2. Define aesthetics. 3. What makes an aesthetic experience more meaningful and memorable? 4, Identify the four steps of art criticism and list the questions one asks during each step. (a) © «© @) 5. Classify the following activities into the steps of the art-criticism method in which they would occur by writing D (Description), A (Analysis), I (Interpretation), or J Judgment) before each statement. (a) Determining the meaning of a painting. — ©) Listing all of the objects that are shown in a painting. ©) Locating the center of interest in a print. (4) Examining the formal balance achieved in a sculpture. —_—(€) Trying to understand the meaning of symbols used in a drawing. —— (f) Deciding if a work is successful. Explain why during the description stage of art criticism, it is incorrect to say that a woman holding a child is the mother of the child. Study Guides and Concept Maps Artralk | 37. Why may your interpretation during the art-criticism process differ from that of your classmates? 8. Read the following statements and identify the aesthetic theory used to judge the ‘work by writing (I) Imitationalism, (F) Formalism, or (B) Emotionalism. (a) “This painting is successful because it expresses a mood.” (b) “This painting is successful because it uses bright colors and repetitive shapes.” (©) “This painting is successful because it depicts the scenes realistically and shows details.” 9. When criticizing functional objects, what must be considered during the judg- ment step? 10. List three ways the steps of art criticism will help you analyze your own works of art. @) ), © | Arffalk Study Guides and Concept Maps came © Ganesancrarsn© Gerson Name _ Date Class Period Study Guide EY “eremosue Directions In this chapter you will learn about the tools and techniques that affect an artist's work. As you read, complete the following: 1. Identify an appropriate medium an artist might use for each of the following art processes (@) painting (b) sculpture: (©) drawing: 2. List two ways that artists use sketchbooks, ay (b). 3. List and define the three basic properties of paints. OO TT ———“ (by oo 4, What does it mean if a print has 10/20 in the bottom margin? (a) relief printing (b) intaglio (0) lithography. (@) screen printing, 6. What aspect of photography can be manipulated to create fine art rather than simple photographs? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | 57. Define the four processes of sculpture and suggest the appropriate medium for each process. Sculpture Technique Defini Medium a. modeling b. carving . casting i assembling 8, Label the following as (A) applied art or (F) fine art. (a) hand-sewn quilt ____(b) watercolor painting (6) hand-crafted pottery (A) black-and-white nature photography (e) three-dimensional sculpture 9. What type of system processes words and images directly as numbers or digits? 110. What type of device translates an image into a language the computer can use to make an image on the screen? | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps capt © Geren icanine © Gosek a Name _ Date Class Period Study Guide £ sora wth au 0-83 Directions This chapter focuses on how lines are used in works of art and in our envi- ronment. As you read, complete the following: 1, How can lines in a painting lead your eyes? 2. Give an example of an implied line. | 3. Name and define the five basic kinds of lines. (a), (b). ©. @, (e). 4, Lines vary in appearance in five major ways: (A) length, (B) width, (C) texture (D) direction (B) degree of curve. Match the letter above with the description of the line below. (a) Lines can curve gradually or not at all, become wavy, or form spirals. (b) Lines can be rough or smooth. (©) Lines can move in any direction, such as vertical, horizontal, or diagonal. (d) Lines can be long or short. (e) Lines can be wide or thin. 5. What type of line expresses stability, dignity, poise, stifiness, and formality? 6. What type of line expresses feelings of peace, rest, quiet, and stability? 7. What types of feelings do diagonal and zigzag lines communicate and why? 8. What do contour lines do in a painting? 9. How are lines showing gestures drawn? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | 710, Define calligraphy and how it is used in China and Japan. 11. What do characters of the Chinese and Japanese languages represent and how are calligraphic lines made? 12. Define value and describe one way to alter the value of an object in a painting or drawing, | Arttalk ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps ior © Garoecron ACarine Gerona Name ___ Date Class Period Study Guide eee ee Directions This chapter focuses on shapes, forms, and spaces and their expressive qualities. As you read, complete the following. 1. All shapes can be classified into two types. Name and define them.. 2. What is the difference between shape and form? 3. Explain the difference between geometric forms and free-form forms, Name an example of each. . Look at Figure 5.7 on page 102 of your text. Where is the positive space and what constitutes the negative space? 5. In order to show a surface that reflects the most light in a painting, what should the artist do? 6. What are the various types of three-dimensional art? 7. What are the four terms that help us talk about and define depth in a painting? (@) = —————— ( — (a) 8. What is chiaroscuro and when and by whom was it founded? What is it often called today? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | 99. Artists often create the illusion of depth in their paintings. Fill in the spaces with the words listed below: perspective overlapping size placement detail colors The smaller the (a) of an object, the farther away it appears. ‘When one objectis (b) part of a second object, the first seems to be closer to the viewer. A graphic system that creates the illusion of depth and volume on a two- dimensional surface is (¢) The (d) of objects low on the picture plane seems to make the object closer to the viewer. Objects that lack (e) and have hazy outlines seem to be farther away from you. Atmospheric perspective makes brightly colored objects seem closer to you and objects with dull, light (f) seem to be farther away. 10. Name and define the two types of linear perspective. 11. What determines an object's density?. 12. Bxplain the difference between open shapes and forms and closed shapes and forms. 13. What types of shapes and forms seem to defy gravity? Which are motionless? | Artalk Study Guides and Concept Maps omit © GconcrentCapri © Grocer Name Date Class Period Study Guide arena Directions This chapter focuses on color—its properties and expressive qualities, the spectrum, and the different color schemes. As you read, complete the following: 1. What is color? 2. Explain what happens when white light is passed through a prism. 3. Ima yellow banana, which color waves are reflected and which are absorbed? 4, What are the primary colors? 5. Name the secondary colors. What primary colors combine to make each second- ary color?, 6. Name the intermediate colors. How are they made? ‘7. Name the three neutral colors. (a) (by 0 What isa tint? 9. What is a shade’ 10. What effect can artists create in a painting by using tints? What effect can they create using dark values? LL. Use an ordinary penail to create a value scale. In the boxes below, make six different kinds of grays starting with the lightest gray and progressing to the darkest gray. Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalke | "12. Complete the chart below with the name of the color scheme and its description. Color Schemes Description Monochromatic, Acolor scheme made up of the colors that sit side by side on the color wheel. Color triads Split complements ‘Warm and cool colors 2 13. List the three basic ingredients of paint and describe what each does. @) (b) © 14, How do dyes color a fabric? 15. What is the difference between optical color and arbitrary color? 16. How can you create movement using color? 17. What is tonality? | ArtTalk ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps Cem © Sectsryt © GaN Name Date Class Period Study Guide J Serie Directions This chapter focuses on the different types of texture and the ways in which we perceive them. As you read, complete the following: 1. What is visual texture? 2, Explain the difference between simulated textures and invented textures. 3. How does a rough surface reflect light? A smooth surface? 4. Describe the difference between a matte surface and a shiny surface and give an example of each. 5. Look at Figure 7.6 on page 177. Describe the textures that you see. 6. Describe how to make a collage. How do potters create texture in their work? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | 134 How do weavers control texture? 9. Max Emst used three unusual techniques: (1) frottage, (2) grattage, and (3) decalcomania. Match the technique with its definition below. __— (a) paint is forced into random textured patterns. (b) designs and textural effects are created by placing paper over objects, that have raised surfaces and rubbing the paper with graphite, wax, or crayon. (©) wet paint is scratched with a variety of tools, such as forks, razors, and combs. 10. Explain another way you can create texture on a surfac | Artfalk Study Guides and Concept Maps cri @ Gensercaprth© Gercenktea Name Date Class Period Study Guide 3 For use with pages 198-213 Directions This chapter explains how objects are organized using rhythm and pattern. As you read, complete the following: 1. What rhythms are created by repeating positive shapes separated by negative spaces? 2. How is visual movement different from real action? 3. Identify and define the terms used to talk about pattern in art. 4, How do rhythm and pattem differ? 5. Give two examples of random rhythm and pattern. Name the motif(s) in each example. 6. Define regular rhythm and pattern. Give an example of how regular rhythm is used in your environment, 7. What is the difference between alternating rhythm and flowing rhythm? 8. Create a progressive rhythm or pattern by drawing a design and changing the motif a little each time it is repeated. Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalke | 159. How did a group of artists called the Futurists use rhythm to capture the idea of, movement itself? 10. What is kinetic sculpture? 11. What is the term used to describe the types of creations made by Calder? Who gave Calder’s moving creations this name? | ArfTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps cap © Cheoname © Sean at Name Date Class Period Study Guide 7) ree Directions This chapter focuses on the types of balance and how they are used in works of art. As you read, complete the following: 1. How does visual balance make you feel? What does visual imbalance cause you to feel? 2. What is formal balance and how do you create it? 3. Why are humans attracted to symmetry? 4, What emotions might symmetry express to us? 5. What is radial balance? Give an example found in nature and an example found in architecture. 6. How does informal balance differ from formal balance?, 7. How do artists create informal balance?. 8. Why is informal balance more complicated to produce than formal balance? ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps Artralk | 79, Name and explain the factors that can influence visual weight in the chart below: Name of Factor Explanation Size An object with a complicated contour is more interesting and appears to be heavier than one with a simple contour. Color Position 10. Describe the expressive qualities of the following forms of balance. (a) Formal balance. (b) Approximate symmetry (©) Radial design. (4) Informal balance | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps CryRth© BunsenCont © Gesamte Name Date Class Period Study Guide {q) re Directions This chapter focuses on proportion, scale, and distortion and how we perceive them and use them to create meaning. As you read, complete the following: 1. What did the ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras discover?. 3. What is the Golden Mean's relationship to the human figure? 4. Why did artists during the Golden Age of Greece create statues of the ideal form of the body as opposed to the real form? 5. What measurements did Le Corbusier base his building designs on?__ 6. Name two kinds of scale to consider in art. @). (b). 7. Why was hierarchical proportion used in wall paintings inside the pyramids of Egypt? 8. What is the unit used to define body proportion when drawing? 9. With what proportions do we draw an individual figure? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | ry20 10. How are facial and body proportions of infants different from teenagers and adults? 11. What are some of the ways artists can exaggerate or distort the human body in a painting or drawing? 12. Name two other forms of art where exaggeration can be used. | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps Capri © GarenaCapra © Gensemoan Ht Name Date Class Period Study Guide fl oe Directions This chapter focuses on variety, emphasis, harmony, and unity in our environment and in works of art. As you read, complete the following: 1. Why do people need variety in their lives? 2. How can artists add variety or contrast to a work of art?. 3. Why would an artist use emphasis in his or her work? 4, What is a focal point? Must there be a focal point in every painting? 5. Name five ways to create a focal point in a work of art and give an example of each, (a) (by © @ ) 6. Which technique uses a radial arrangement of lines to create a focal point? 7. Which technique uses the unexpected to draw the viewer's attention to create a focal point?. 8. Why is visual harmony so pleasing? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalk | 212 9. What purpose does unity have in a painting 10. Name the four ways visual unity can be created in a work and give an example of each. (a), 11. How can an artist create simplicity in a painting? 12, How does Louise Nevelson use repetition to unify a work of art?, | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps opr © GeraeAkGancame © Geezer Name Date Class Period Study Guide (Py ee etions In this chapter you will explore art traditions from cultures around the world. As you read, complete the following: 1, List three of the theories used to describe the purpose of prehistoric cave paintings. (a). (b). rca) . What was the strongest influence on Egyptian painting? 3. Name four locations around the world where prehistoric art has been found. 4. What two religions strongly influenced the art of India? 5. Identify two types of artwork that were created by Chinese artists. 6. What was an advantage of the woodblock print perfected by Japanese artists? 7. What is forbidden in mosques in Islamic art? 8. What are six dominant themes in African art? (b). © ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps Artralk | 2‘9. Of what two realms do the Yoruba people of Nigeria believe the world consists? 10, In what art medium did the Benin artists excel? 11. Of what precious metal were items made that were fashioned for Asante kings? 12. What materials were used by the Bwa people of Burkina Faso to make masks? 13. Which culture is often called the “mother culture” of Mexico?. 14, During what years did the Olmec culture exist?. 15. What two accomplishments by the Mayan people reveal that they were advanced for their time in history? 16, By what name is the Aztec city Tenochititlan known today?, 17. What two talents were used by the Incas to build the walled city of Machu Picchu? 18, What regions did the Inuit people inhabit from the earliest times?, 19. Why did Native Americans of the Northwest build totem poles? 20. What type of shelter was created by Native Americans of the Great Plains to accommodate their nomadic lifestyle? 21. What was significant about the masks that were made by the Iroquois for a society of healers known as False Faces? | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps aye © Gaeserdcoae itCant © Gecetdecan Name Date Class Period Study Guide fH ey Directions In this chapter you will learn about how historical and cultural events shaped the major Western art styles and movements. As you read, complete the following: 1. What country was the birthplace of Western civilization? 2. Name two developments that the Romans adopted from the Etruscans. 3. What styles influenced Byzantine art and what are characteristic features of the Byzantine style? 4, What is the time span of the Middle Ages? 5. Massive size; solid, heavy walls; and the use of the Roman arch distinguished which art style of the Middle Ages? 6. The pointed arches and stained glass windows belong to which style of the Middle Ages? 7, Define Renaissance. 8, List two famous artists who worked during the Italian Renaissance. 9. What new art style developed as a result of the Counter-Reformation during the seventeenth century? 10. On what other styles was Neodlassic art based? 11. What did Romantic artists rebel against in Neodlassic art? Study Guides and Concept Maps ArtTalke 2826 12, What subjects did the Realists choose to paint? 13. What features characterize Impressionist paintings? 14, Name three Post-Impressionist painters. 15. List three art movements of the early twentieth century and describe characteris- tics of each artistic style. (a). (b). (ec). 16. What subjects did Mexican muralists paint? 17, What characterizes Abstract Expressionism? 18, What subjects did Pop artists paint? 19. What group of artists sought absolute simplicity in their artwork? 20. To what did the term Post-Modernism first refer? | ArtTalk Study Guides and Concept Maps cari © ShererGap © Greece Name Date Class Period Study Guide (ZY Soe jetions This chapter focuses on the many fields in which an art career is possible. As ‘you read, complete the following: 1. How did aspiring artists of the past receive training?, 2. For what four aspects of a book must graphic designers plan? ee (®). (9 (4) 3. Describe what advertising designers do and create. a 4. What is involved in designing a Web page?. 5. What is an illustration?. 6. What do industrial designers design? (Include examples.) . List three requirements of good industrial design. ee (b), () Name three items that fashion designers design. What other professionals must be part of the team to complete a product? ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps artTalke | 27‘9. What type of artist combines visual images with news? ee ee 10. List six steps in the production of an animated film. (a). (by ee ee (dO enn UNNNNNNNNNC CCE (f) 11. For what must special effects designers plan? a 12. As an art director in the theatre, what would you need to know about a period of, history to correctly design the stage to look like that time period? oe 13. List three objectives an architect must keep in mind when designing a building. (a) (by (ce) 14. Choose an outdoor area such as a playground, park, or area around a building. Identify four materials that a landscape architect might use to design that area, es eee SF 15. Who might be a client or customer of an interior designer?, Pena te a 16. Explain the role of an art therapist. Se OO ee See 17. Describe the difference between a career in art and an avocational pursuit of art. oy ee a | Arttalk ‘Study Guides and Concept Maps capri © Genser