n Thit k Cu dm BTCT nhp gin n

S liu u vo
Chiu di dm

L := 15.7m

Nhp tnh ton

Ltt := 15.7m 2 0.3m

Chiu cao dm

h := 1.2m

S dm

n := 6

Khong cch gia cc dm

S := 2.44m

Tng b rng cu

B := 14.42m

B rng phn xe chy

Bxc := 13.42m

Ltt = 15.1 m

Blc := 2 0.5m

B rng lan can

Mt ct ngang cu

S ho dm ch

Chiu dy lp ph mt cu: 75mm

Vt liu:

B tng dm

f'c := 30MPa

Thp

fy := 400MPa

Trng lng ring:

- B tng: 2400kg/m3
- Lp ph: 2250kg/m3

Chi tit lan can

Phn 1: THIt K Bn Mt Cu
1.1 Chn chiu dy bn [A9.7.1.1]
S := 2440
( mm)
S + 3000
hmin :=
30

hmin = 181.333

Vy chn chiu dy bn mt cu
1.2. Trng lng cc b phn

hmin > 175

mm

OK

hs := 200mm
1Kg = 9.81N

Lan can c mt ct ngang nh hnh v trn, din tch 326510mm2, trng lng lan
can coi nh mt ti trng tp trung
N
9
Pb := 2400 10 9.81 326510
Pb = 7.687
mm
N
2
kg
mm

3
kg
mm

Lp ph mt cu dy 75mm (Dead load of Wearing surface)

WDW := 2250 10

9.81 75

WDW = 1.655 10

N
2

mm

Bn chu lc dy 200mm
Ws := 2400 10

9.81 200

Ws = 4.709 10

N
2

mm

1.3. Tnh ton ni lc bn mt cu

Tnh ton ni lc cho 1mm bn theo phng dc cu.

Tnh ton bn mt cu theo cc giai on lm vic:
- Trc khi b tng mi ni bn phn bn ng cng:
+ S : mt tha (cnh ca dm ch T).
+ Ti trng: trng lng bn thn ca bn (k c trng lng mi ni)
- Sau khi b tng mi ni ng cng. Dng phng php di bn. Coi bn nh mt dm
lin tc k trn cc gi cng l cc dm ch. Ni lc c tnh bng cch xp ti ln cc
ng nh hng (dah) ni lc. Trong v d ny, do mt ct ngang cu c 6 dm nn c
th s dng tung dah trong ph lc A - "Cu BTCT trn ng t", L nh Tm,
2005. Dng ah m men ti tit din 200, 204, 205, 300 v ah lc ct ti gi 200 nh
trang sau. Trong v d ny ch tnh ni lc cho tit din 200, 204, 300.
+ S : dm lin tc k trn gi cng
+ Ti trng: Lp ph mt cu, lan can, hot ti

Trc khi b tng mi ni ng cng

Sau khi b tng mi ni ng cng

1.3.1 Do trng lng bn thn bn: (tc dng ln s hng)

N
3
Ws = 4.709 10
S = 2440
mm

S
R200_WS := Ws
2

R200_WS = 5.7

N
mm

S S
M200_WS := Ws
2 4

M200_WS = 3504.3

Nmm
mm

244
M204_WS := Ws 244

M204_WS = 140.2

Nmm
mm

M300_WS := M200_WS

M300_WS = 3504.3

Nmm
mm

1.3.2. Do lan can (barrier), tc dng ln s dm lin tc

Ti trng lan can coi nh mt lc tp trung c gi tr Pb=7.68N/mm t ti trng tm ca

lan can. Xp ti ln dah tm tung dah tng ng. Tra bng vi:
L := 1110 193

L = 917

mm

R200 = Pb*tung ah
L
R200_b := Pb 1 + 1.270
S

R200_b = 11.356

N
mm

M200 = Pb*tung dah * L

M200_b := Pb ( 1.000) L

M200_b = 7049.3

Nmm
mm

M204_b = 3468.3

Nmm
mm

M300_b = 1903.3

Nmm
mm

M204 = Pb*tung dah * L

M204_b := Pb ( 0.4920) L
M300 = Pb*tung dah * L
M300_b := Pb ( 0.27) L

1.3.3. Do lp ph mt ng dy 75mm (Dead load of Wearing):

WDW = 1.655 10

Dng bng tra vi:

L := 1110 500

L = 610

R200 = WDW * [(din tch dah on hng)*L+(din tch dah khng hng)*S]
L
R200_DW := WDW ( 1.0 + 0.635) L + ( 0.3928) S
S

N
R200_DW = 1.999
mm
M200 = WDW * [(din tch dah on hng)*L^2
M200_DW := WDW ( 0.500) L
M200_DW = 307.994

Nmm
mm

M204 = WDW * [(din tch dah on hng)*L^2+(din tch dah khng hng)*S^2
2
2
M204_DW := WDW ( 0.2460) L + ( 0.0772) S

M204_DW = 609.336

Nmm
mm

M300 = WDW * [(din tch dah on hng)*L^2+(din tch dah khng hng)*S^2
2
2
M300_DW := WDW ( 0.135) L + ( 0.1071) S

M300_DW = 1138.7

Nmm
mm

1.3.4. Xc nh ni lc do hot ti

Cc ti trng trc thit k l 145kN gm 2 bnh xe v t cch nhau 1800mm theo

phng ngang cu. Tim bnh xe cch 600mm t mp ln thit k. Khi tnh phn bn
hng, tim bnh xe s t cch mp lan can mt on l 300mm. Khong cch t bnh
xe n tim gi:
X := 310 mm
Chiu rng c hiu ca bn chu ti trng bnh xe ca bn mt cu ti ch
Khi tnh bn hng

SW := 1140 + 0.833 X

SW = 1398

mm

Khi tnh m men dng

SW := 660 + 0.55 S

SW = 2002

mm

Khi tnh m men m

SW := 1220 + 0.25 S

SW = 1830

mm

S ln xe thit k = phn nguyn (b rng phn xe chy / 3500mm)

13420
vy s ln
NL :=
NL := 3
NL = 3.834
3500
H s ln xe

1.2

cho mt ln xe

cho hai ln xe

0.85

cho ba ln xe

a. M men m ti tit din 200 do hot ti trn phn hng

Chiu rng lm vic ca di bn

SW=1398

Ch xp mt ln xe

M200_LL :=

1.2 72500 310

1398

mm

1.2

M200_LL = 19291.8

Nmm
mm

b. Mmen dng ln nht do hot ti ti v tr 204

Chiu rng lm vic ca di bn

Cht ti 1 ln xe:

H s ln xe:

SW=2002

mm

m := 1.2

72500
M204_LL_1 := 1.2 ( 0.2040 0.0195) 2440
2002
Nmm
M204_LL_1 = 19563.3
mm

Cht ti 2 ln xe:

H s ln xe:

m := 1

72500
M204_LL_2 := 1 ( 0.2040 0.0195 + 0.0086 0.0016) 2440
2002
Nmm
M204_LL_2 = 16921.3
mm

M204_LL := max M204_LL_1 , M204_LL_2

M204_LL = 19563.3

Nmm
mm

)
Trng hp mt ln xe khng ch

c. Mmen m ln nht ti gi 300 trong do hot ti.

Chiu rng lm vic ca di bn

SW=1830

Cht ti 1 ln xe bt li hn:

mm

H s ln xe:

1.2

72500
M300_LL := 1.2 ( 0.1007 0.0781) 2440
1830
Nmm
mm

M300_LL = 20741

1.3.5 T hp ti trng

Cng thc tng qut tnh hiu ng do ti trng gy ra

Ru

i Qi

Trng thi gii hn cng I:

:= 1

DC := 1.25

DW := 1.5

LL := 1.75

IM := 25%
M men m ti gi 200

M200 := 1.25 M200_WS + M200_b + 1.5 M200_DW ...

+ 1.75 ( 1 + IM) M

200_LL

M200 = 55855

Nmm
mm

M200 := 55.8

kN m
m

M men dng ti v tr 204: do trng lng bn thn ca bn v trng lng lan

can gy ra m men m lm gim hiu ng bt li ca m men dng ti v tr 204 nn
ly vi h s 0.9

M204 := 0.9 M204_WS + M204_b + 1.5 M204_DW ...

+ 1.75 ( 1 + IM) M

204_LL

M204 = 40461

Nmm
mm

M204 := 40.5

kN m
m

M men m ti v tr 300: do trng lng lan can gy ra m men dng lm gim

hiu ng bt li ca m men m ti v tr 300 nn ly vi h s 0.9

M300 := 1.25 M300_WS + 0.9 M300_b + 1.5 M300_DW ...

+ 1.75 ( 1 + IM) M

300_LL

Nmm
mm

M300 = 49746

M300 := 49.75

kN m
m

1.4 Tnh ton ct thp chu mmen dng - Kim tra TTGH Cng 1
1.4.1 B tr ct thp

Gi thit s dng thp s No.15

db := 16mm

Ab := 200mm

fy = 400 MPa

Chiu cao c hiu ca bn mt cu

Chiu cao c hiu ca bn ti tit din gia nhp chu m men dng:

dduong := 200mm 25mm

H s khng un

db
2

dduong = 167 mm

:= 0.9

Mmen dng ln nht (TTGH cng I):

Mu := M204
Mu = 40.5

kN m
m

Khong cch t trng tm min chu nn ca b tng n trng tm ct thp chu ko

trong b tng thng (ly gn ng):
jd := 0.9 dduong

jd = 150.3 mm

S b chn din tch ct thp chu ko

Mu

As :=

As = 0.749

mm
mm

fy jd
Tra ph lc B, bng B4, "Cu BTCT trn ng t", L nh Tm, chn
No.15@225mm
2
Ab
mm
Din tch ct thp thc:
As :=
As = 0.889
mm
225mm
Kim tra din tch ct thp ti thiu yu cu trn mt n v
chiu rng bn:
f'c
minA s := 0.03 ( 1) dduong
fy

As = 0.889

mm
mm

>

minA s = 0.376

S 5.7.3.3.2

mm
mm

Kim tra lng ct thp ln nht c gii hn theo yu

cu v tnh do:

OK

S 5.7.3.3.1
S 5.7.2.2

Vi gi thit phn b ng sut nn theo hnh ch

nht:
Chiu cao khi ng sut hnh ch nhtvng nn:
a :=
1 :=

As fy

0.85 if f'c 28MPa

max 0.85
c :=
Vy

a = 13.943 mm

0.85 f'c 1

1 = 0.836

f'c 28MPa

0.05 , 0.65 otherwise

7MPa

a
1
c = 16.684 mm

<

0.42 dduong = 70.14 mm

OK

1.4.2 Kim tra cng tit din (TTGH cng I):

Sc khng un ca tit din

Mn := As fy dduong

kN m
Mn = 51.209
m

2
>

M204 = 40.5

kN m
m

OK

1.5 Tnh ton ct thp chu mmen m - Kim tra TTGH Cng 1
1.5.1 B tr ct thp

Gi thit s dng thp s No.15

2

Ab := 200mm

db := 16mm

fy = 400 MPa

Chiu cao c hiu ca bn mt cu

Chiu cao c hiu ca bn ti tit din gia nhp chu m men dng:
dam := 200mm 60mm

db

dam = 132 mm

:= 0.9

H s khng un

Mmen dng ln nht (TTGH cng I):

Mu := M300
Mu := 49.82

kN m
m

Khong cch t trng tm min chu nn ca b tng n trng tm ct thp chu

ko trong b tng thng (ly gn ng):
jd := 0.9 dam

jd = 118.8 mm

S b chn din tch ct thp chu ko

Mu

As :=

fy jd

As = 1.165

mm
mm

Tra ph lc B, bng B4, "Cu BTCT trn ng t", L nh Tm, chn

No.15@150mm
2
Ab
mm
Din tch ct thp thc:
A's :=
A's = 1.333
150mm
mm

Kim tra din tch ct thp ti thiu yu cu trn mt n v

chiu rng bn(1mm):
f'c
minA s := 0.03 ( 1) dam
fy

A's = 1.333

mm
mm

>

minA s = 0.297

S 5.7.3.3.2

mm
mm

Kim tra lng ct thp ln nht c gii hn theo yu

cu v tnh do:

Vi gi thit phn b ng sut nn theo hnh ch

nht:

OK

S 5.7.3.3.1
S 5.7.2.2

Chiu cao khi ng sut hnh ch nht vng nn:

a :=
1 :=

A's fy

0.85 if f'c 28MPa

max 0.85
c :=
Vy

a = 20.915 mm

0.85 f'c 1

1 = 0.836

f'c 28MPa

0.05 , 0.65 otherwise

7MPa

a
1
c = 25.027 mm

<

0.42 dam = 55.44 mm

OK

1.5.2 Kim tra cng tit din (TTGH cng I):

Sc khng un ca tit din

Mn := A's fy dam

Mn = 58.34

kN m
m

2
>

Mu = 49.82

kN m
m

OK

1.6 Kim tra nt th di theo cc trng thi gii hn s dng.

=1

IM := 25%

i := 1

cho c tnh ti v hot ti

Kim tra nt ti tit din 204, m men ti tit din ny tnh theo TTGH s dng:

M204 := 1 M204_WS + M204_b + 1 M204_DW ...

+ 1 ( 1 + IM) M

204_LL

M204 = 2.145 10

Nmm
mm

Tit din bn bao gm ct thp v b tng c a v tit din b tng tng

ng. Din tch ct thp c chuyn i thnh din tch b tng tng ng bng
cch nhn vi t s modul n hi n, c trng tm trng vi trng tm ct thp

n :=

Es
Eb

Trong :

Mun n hi ca b tng:
T trng b tng:

1.5

Ec := 0.043 Wc
Wc := 2400

f'c

kg

f'c = 30 MPa

Ec = 2.769 10 MPa

Mun n hi ca thp:

Es := 200000MPa

T s modul n hi:
n :=

Es
Ec

Tit din bn

n = 7.222

Ly

S 5.4.2.4

n := 7

Tit din b tng tng ng

Ec

V lp b tng bo v pha trn bn mt cu kh ln (60mm) nn gi thit trc trung ha nm

trn ct thp chu nn A's, chiu cao min chu nn l: x < 68mm

Ly tng m men tnh i vi trc trung ha ta c:

2

0.5 b x =
b := 1mm

vi

n A's( d' x) + n As ( d x)

d' := 68mm
2

d := 167mm
2

As := 0.889mm

A's := 1.333mm

Gii phng trnh bc hai i vi x, thu c:

x :=

n As n A's +

( n As + n A's) 2 + 2 b ( n As d + n A's d')

b

x = 44.358 mm

<

Vy trc trung ha ng nh gi thit

68mm

Mmen qun tnh ca tit din n hi chuyn i:

Icr :=

bx
2
2
+ n A's ( d' x) + n As ( d x)
3
5

Icr = 1.279 10 mm

fs := n

ng sut trong ct thp chu ko As:

M204 ( d x)
Icr

M204 := 22330N mm
fs := n

M204 ( d x)
Icr

fs = 149.873 MPa

Nt c kim tra bng cch gii hn ng sut ko trong b tng (A5.7.3.4-1)

fs fsa

Z
1

( dc A ) 3

0.6fy

dc

chiu cao phn b tng tnh t th chu ko ngoi cng cho n

tm ca thanh hay si t gn nht; nhm mc ch tnh ton phi
ly chiu dy tnh ca lp b tng bo v dc khng c ln hn
50mm.

din tch phn b tng c cng trng tm vi ct thp ch chu ko

v c bao bi cc mt ca mt ct ngang v ng thng song
song vi trc trung ho, chia cho s lng ca cc thanh hay si
(mm2); nhm mc ch tnh ton, phi ly chiu dy tnh ca lp
b tng bo v khng c ln hn 50 mm.

thng s b rng vt nt (N/mm).

Chiu dy lp bo v tnh t th chu ko xa nht n trng tm ca thanh gn nht

(nhng khng qu 50mm):
dc := min ( 33mm , 50mm)

dc = 33 mm

Tham s chiu rng vt nt ly trong iu kin mi trng khc nghit:

Z := 23000

N
mm

Din tch b tng c cng trng tm vi ct thp chu ko chnh chia cho s thanh. Dng
thanh s No.15 cch nhau t tim n tim 225mm
4

Ta c:

fsa :=

Z
1

( dc A ) 3
Kim tra:

A = 1.485 10 mm

A := 2 ( 33mm) ( 225mm)

fsa = 291.73 MPa

fs = 149.873 MPa <

fsa = 291.73 MPa

fs = 149.873 MPa <

0.6fy = 240 MPa

OK

1.7 Kim tra nt th trn theo cc trng thi gii hn s dng.

Kim tra nt ti tit din 200 hoc 300, m men ti cc tit din ny tnh theo TTGH s
dng:
IM := 25%

=1

M200 := 1 M200_WS + M200_b + 1 M200_DW ...

+ 1 ( 1 + IM) M

200_LL

M200 = 3.498 10

Nmm
mm

M300 := 1 M300_WS + M300_b + 1 M300_DW ...

+ 1 ( 1 + IM) M

300_LL

M300 = 2.867 10

Nmm
mm

V tit din 200 v 300 b tr b tng v ct thp ging nhau, v do M200 > M300 nn s
kim ton nt ti tit din 200
Tit din bn bao gm ct thp v b tng c a v tit din b tng tng ng.
Din tch ct thp c chuyn i thnh din tch b tng tng ng bng cch
nhn vi t s modul n hi n, c trng tm trng vi trng tm ct thp
n =7

Tit din bn

Tit din b tng tng ng

Ti v tr 200, ct thp pha di chu nn k hiu l A's, ct thp pha trn bn chu ko
k hiu l A. Gi thit trc trung ha nm trn ct thp chu nn A's nh hnh v, tc l
chiu cao min chu nn by gi x > 33mm

Ly tng m men tnh i vi trc trung ha ta c:

2

0.5 b x + ( n 1)A's ( x d') =

vi

b := 1mm

d' := 33mm
2

n As ( d x)

d := 132mm
2

A's := 0.889mm

As := 1.333mm

Gii phng trnh bc hai i vi x, thu c:

x :=

2
n As + ( n 1) A's + 2 b n As d + ( n 1) A's d'

n As ( n 1) A's +

x = 40.385 mm

>

Vy trc trung ha ng nh gi thit

33mm

Mmen qun tnh ca tit din n hi chuyn i:

Icr :=

bx
2
2
+ ( n 1) A's ( x d') + n As ( d x)
3
5

Icr = 1.006 10 mm

fs := n

ng sut trong ct thp chu ko As:

M200 ( d x)
Icr

M200 := 34370N mm
fs := n

M200 ( d x)
Icr

fs = 219.18 MPa

Nt c kim tra bng cch gii hn ng sut ko trong b tng (A5.7.3.4-1)

fs fsa

Z
1

( dc A ) 3

0.6fy

Din tch b tng c cng trng tm vi ct thp chu ko chnh chia cho s thanh. Thp chu
ko ti v tr 200 l thanh s No.15 cch nhau t tim n tim 150mm
4

A = 1.5 10 mm

A := 2 ( 50mm) ( 150mm)

Tham s chiu rng vt nt ly trong iu kin mi trng khc nghit:

Z := 23000

N
mm

Chiu dy lp bo v tnh t th chu ko xa nht n trng tm ca thanh gn nht (nhng

khng qu 50mm):
dc := min ( 68mm , 50mm)
Ta c:

fsa :=

( dc A )
Kim tra:

1
3

dc = 50 mm

fsa = 253.148 MPa

fs = 219.18 MPa

<

fs = 219.18 MPa

<

fsa = 253.148 MPa

OK

0.6fy = 240 MPa

1.8 Ct thp phn b

Ct thp phn b theo chiu dc cu t pha y bn c tc dng phn phi ti trng
bnh xe dc cu n ct chu lc theo phng ngang. Din tch ct thp ny c tnh
theo phn trm ct thp chnh chu momen dng.

phan_tram :=

3840
Sc

67%

Trong Sc l chiu di c hiu ca bn, trong v d ny l khong cch gia hai

vch dm
Sc := 2440 200

Sc = 2240

phan_tram := min

B tr 67%(dngAs) =
Chn No10@150 c

3840
Sc

, 67

phan_tram = 67 %

67% ( 0.889) = 0.596

As := 0.667

mm2
mm

mm2
mm

1.9 Ct thp chng co ngt

Lng ct thp ti thiu theo mi phng {A5.10.8.2}

minA s := 0.75

Ag

fy
Ag - din tch tit din nguyn. Vi bn cao 200mm, rng 1mm
Ag := 200 1

Ag = 200

mm

fy = 400 MPa
minA s := 0.75

Ag

= 0.375mm2/mm
fy
Ct thp chng co ngt phi b tr chia u cho c hai mt trn v di. Nh
vy hm lng thp phn b mi phng l 0.19mm2/mm. Ngoi ra khong
cch ln nht ca ct thp ny khng vt qu 3 ln chiu dy bn hoc
450mm. Pha di c thp phn b ( tnh ton trn). Vy chn thp
chng co ngt pha trn No10@450, c As=0.222mm2/mm.
1.10 S ha cu to thp bn

(khng th hin ct thp dm)