Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves 7. Relation of the length of the vertical pa- rabolic curve (L), the length of the pass- ing sight distance (S), and the speed (V)s 2 s*(G, - G) careai Ls v’ Neter G,= + and G,= -. Therefore, consider the signs of the grade lines in the use of the formula.Problem * The front tangent of an unsymmetrical vertical parabolic curve 120 m long has a grade of +7% and its back tangent -4%. The vertex B is at sta 6+320. Seventy meters of the curve is on the other side of front tangent and 50 m on the other tangent. The PC is at elevation 150.32 m and the stationing are at 10 m intervals. What is the elevation of the curve at sta.6+300 and 6+340?Elements of Vertical Parabolic Curve 7. Length of the vertical parabolic curve (L) = the horizontal distance between the PC and the Pr. Kinds of vertical parabolic curve: (a) Symmetrical parabolic curve = when the horizontal length of the curve from the PC to the vortex (V) is equal to its horizontal length from the vertex to the Pr. (b) Uneymnotrieal parabolic curve = when the Horizontal length of the curve from the PC to the vertex (V) and the horizontal length from the vertex (V) to the PT are not equal. 8. Diameter of a vortical parabolic curve = & lino drawn from the vortox to the midpoint of the horizontal distance of the curve from the PC to the PT. 9. Offset from tangent to a point on the vor- theal parabolic curve = the vertical distanc of the point from the tangent which is paral Je to the diameter.Vertical Parabolic CurveUseful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves +. BUH + va L = 2st - 28Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves Squared property of the vertical parabolic curver (a) Using the tangent drawn at tho PC 2 Ye, Gey Y"(by? 2 Yp = offset from tangent to point P. Xp = horizontal distance of point P from ‘the PC Yv = offset from tangent to the vertex of the parabola the horizontal distance from the PC to the vertex vietUseful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves (b) Using the tangont drawn at tho PT yon? Yv * oy Yy = offset from tangent to point Xy = horizontai distance of point 2 from the PT Xv = offset from tangent to the vertex of the parabola ¥ = horizontal distance from the PT to the vertex.Problem * A grade line AB having a slope of +5% intersects another grade line BC having a slope of -3% at B. The elev of points A, Band C are 95m, 100m, and 97m, respectively. Lay a 100m parabolic curve and determine the elevations on the curve at the half, quarter and end points. Tabulate the results. summitUseful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves 5. Lecation of highest or lowest point of the From the PCr ce x= oF Referred from the Referred from Pe, Gym + & Gym PT, Go= + 4 G, X = distance from the PC Z = distance from the PT L = longth of the vertical parabolicUseful Formulas for Unsymmetrical Parabolic Curves 2. Vo = cp = 3(vD) 2. (a) Using the tangont of the uneym curve drawn at the PC we. Go? veo hE Xp = offset from the tangent to point F Xp = horizontal distance trom the PC. (2) Using the tangent of tho unsymetrical curve drawn at the 2 Ye. (x2) Vem a? Yu = offset from the tangent to point 2 Xz = horizontal distance from the Pr.Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves 2. Y = offset from the tangent drawn at the PC to the PT, L y= (a, - ¢,) where L = length of the vertical parabo- lic curve G,(+) = grade of the tangent referred from the PC G,(-) = grade of the tangent referred from the PCUseful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves (b) Non-passing sight or sate stopping distance (3')s, = (81)?(@, = &) Ga Pm? L = Length of the vertical parabolic the pavement h = height ef an object above the pavement.Kinds of Vertical Parabolic Curve * SymmetricalUseful Formulas for Unsymmetrical Parabolic Curves C= 0,(g1), the nignest peine or = one vases Vo mal (E2) paste necasiecel cane oe tec Cert stam ciceatuariecanennat X = distance frem the PC te the ge -Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic CurvesUseful Formulas for Unsymmetrical Parabolic Curves Note: The unsymmetrical parabolic curve from PC to PT consists of a symmotri- cal parabolic curve from PC to C and another symmetrical parabolic curve from C to PT with AB as their common tangent in order to have a smooth and centinuous curve from the PC te the Pr.Elements of Vertical Parabolic Curve 1. Vortex (V) = point of intersection of the grade lin . 2, Point of curvature (PC) = the point of tan- geney where the curve leaves the tangent. Point of tangency (PT) = the point of tan- goney where the curve meets the tangent. 4, Back tangent = the tangent where the PC is located. 5. Forward tangent = the tangent where the PT ie located. 6. G, and 6, tdngents’ Grade of the tangent referred from the PC is positive (Gj= +) if it is above the horizontal and nogetive (G2= -) if below the horizontal. If referred from the PT, Gz te positive hile G, ts negative. = Grades of the intersectingUseful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves t from the tangent drawn at the PT eo PC. 3. M = of te L Wusha\Ggeady) Waere L = length ef the vertical parabo- lic curve G,(+) = grade of the tangent referred from the PE G,(-) = grade of the tangent referred from tho PT (Noter Y= M) Consider the signs of G, and G> in using the above ‘ew = E(x) = #6, = @) = K(¢, - )Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves 6. Sight Distances: (a) Passing aight gr safe sight distance (5): L>s a s7(a, - @) L = length ef the vertical parabolic curve 5 = length of the passing steht or sight dis a= height of the driver eyes aboveUseful Formulas for Unsymmetrical Parabolic Curves 3. Location of the highest or lewest point of the curverProblem * A vertical unsymmetrical parabolic curve is 100m long, 40 m of which is on the back tangent of +5% and 60m on the forward tangent of -8%. The vertex is at elevation 120m and the PC is at station 16+760. (a) Determine the height of fill on a rock outcrop at sta. 16+800 with an elev of 111.0m and (b) the grade elev at sta.16+820 m, all within the parabolic portion of the highway.Useful Formulas for Symmetrical Parabolic Curves