UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

18W Hi-Fi AMPLIFIER AND

35W DRIVER
DESCRIPTION
The UTC2030 is a monolithic IC in Pentawatt package
intended for use as low frequency class AB amplifier.
With Vsmax=32V it is particularly suited for more reliable
applications without regulated supply and for 35W driver
circuits using lowcost complementary pairs.
The UTC2030 provides high output current and has very
low harmonic and cross-over distortion.
Further the device incorporates a short circuit protection
system comprising an arrangement for automatically limiting
the dissipated power to as to keep the working point of the
output transistors within their safe operating area. A
conventional thermal shut-down system is also included.

TO-220B

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(Ta=25C)

CHARACTERISTICS

SYMBOL

VALUE

UNITS

Supply Voltage
Input Voltage
Differential input voltage
Peak output current (internally limited)
Total power dissipation at Tcase=90C
Storage temperature
junction temperature

Vs
Vi
Vdi
Io
Ptot
Tstg
Tj

20
Vs
13
3.5
20
-40~+150
-40~+150

V
V
V
A
W

C
C

TYPICAL APPLICATION
+Vs

Vi

C5
100nF

C1
1 F

C3
100 F
D1
1N4001

R3
22k

5
4

UTC2030

C8

R4
1

1N4001

R3
680

C2
22 F

R5

R1
22k

C6
100 F

D1

RL

C4
C7
100nF 220nF

-Vs

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

PIN CONNECTION
1 Non inverting input
2 Inverting input
3 -Vs
4 Output
5 +Vs
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Refer to the test circuit,Vs=16V,Ta=25C)
PARAMETER

SYMBOL

Supply Voltage
Quiescent drain
current
Input bias current
Input offset voltage
Input offset current

Vs
Id

Output power
Power bandwidth
Slew rate
Open loop voltage
gain
Closed loop
voltage gain
Total Harmonic
distortion

Total Harmonic
distortion
Second order CCIF
intermodulation
distortion
Third order CCIF
intermodulation
distortion
Input noise voltage
Input noise current
Signl to Nois rtio

TEST CONDITIONS

BW
SR
Gvo

TYP

MAX

UNIT

50

18
80

V
mA

0.2
2
20

2
20
200

A
mV
nA

Ib
Vos
Ios

Po

MIN

Vs=16v
d=0.5%, Gv=26dB
f=40 to 15kHz
RL=4
RL=8
Po=15W, RL=4

15
10

18
12
100
8
80

25.5

26

W
W
kHz
V/sec
dB

f=1kHz
Gvc
d

d
d2

d3

S/N

26.5

dB

Po=0.1 to 14W, RL=4

f=40Hz to 15kHz
Po=0.1 to 14W, RL=4
f=1kHz
Po=0.1 to 9W, RL=8
f=40Hz to 15kHz
Po=4W, RL=4
f2-f1=1kHz

0.08

0.03

0.5

0.03

f2=14KHz,
f1=15kHz

0.08

B=curve A
B= 22Hz to 22kHz
RL=4, Rg=10k, B=curve A
Po=15W
Po=1W

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2
3
106
94

10

V
V
dB
dB

UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

(continued)

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

Input Resistance
(pin 1)
Supply Voltage
rejection
Thermal Shut-down
junction
temperature

TEST CONDITIONS
open loop, f=1kHz

MIN

TYP

0.5

54

dB

145

RL=4, Gv=26dB
Rg=22k, f=100Hz

MAX

UNIT

TEST CIRCUITS

+Vs

Vi

C5
220 F

C1
1 F

C3
100nF
D1
1N4001

R3
22k

5
4

UTC2030

R1
13k

D1
1N4001

R3
680

C2
22 F

R4
1

C6
220 F

RL

C4
C7
100nF 220nF

-Vs

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

+Vs

100k

1N4001

4.7k

UTC2030

100k

220

100k

R4
1

1N4001

2.2 F

2200

22

0.1

RL=4

Vi

100k
2.2

C7
220nF

Fig. 1 Single supply amplifier

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Fig.3 Output power vs. Supply
voltage

140

Gv
(dB)

180

Phase
100

90

60

Phase

Fig.2 Open loop frequency

response
Po
(W)

18
Gv=26dB
d=0.5%
f=40 to 15kHz

15

RL=4

12

Gain
20

-20

-60

RL=8

3
1
10

2
10

3
10

4
10

5
10

6
10

7
10

22

Frequency (Hz)

Fig.4 Total harmonic distortion

vs. output power
d
(%)

f=15kHz

Vs=32V
Po=4W
RL=4
Gv=26dB

Order (2f1-f2)

-1
10

Vs=28V
RL=4
f=1kHz
-2
10

-1
10

0
10

1
10

Order (2f2-f1)

2
10

-2
10

1
10

2
10

3
10

4
10

Po (W)

Fig.7 Maximum allowable power

dissipation vs. ambient
temperture

30

Vo
(Vp-p)

30

Vs= 15V
RL=8
25

5
10

Frequency (Hz)

Fig.6 Large signal frequency

response
Ptot
(W)

25

Vs= 15V
RL=4

20

32

2
10

0
10

Vs=32V
RL=8

-2
10

30

Vs (V)

1
10

Gv=26dB

-1
10

28

Po (W)

d
(%)

0
10

26

Fig.5 Two tone CCIF

intermodulation distortion

2
10

1
10

24

20

10

nk

10

a
Rt tsin
h= k h
4 av
he
/W ing
a ts
R t in k
h= ha
v
8
/W ing

ts i

15

ea
eh
init
inf
g
v in
h a /W
ink
ats 5
h e ty = 2
R

he

15

5
1
10

2
10

3
10

4
10

-50

Frequency (kHz)

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50

100

150

200

Tamb (

UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

UTC2030

R4
3.3k

R8
1

BD907

R5
30k

C4
10 F

C8
2200 F

1N4001

R2
56k

BD908

C2
22 F

1
R3
56k

R6
1.5

R7
1.5

C7
0.22 F

RL=4

C3
0.22 F

C5
220 F
/40V

C6
0.22 F

Vi

C1
2.2 F

R1
56k

1N4001

+Vs

Fig. 8 Single supply high power amplifier(UTC2030+BD908/BD907)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE CIRCUIT OF FIG. 8

PARAMETER
Supply Voltage
Quiescent drain
current

Output power

SYMBOL
Vs
Id

Po

Voltage Gain
Slew Rate
Total harmonic
distortion
Input sensitivity

Gv
SR
d

Signal to Noise
Ratio

S/N

Vi

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN

Vs=32V
d=0.5%,RL=4
f=40Hz to 15kHz,Vs=32V
d=0.5%,RL=4
f=40Hz to 15kHz,Vs=28V
d=0.5%,f=1kHz,
RL=4,Vs=32V
d=0.5%,RL=4
f=1kHz,Vs=28V
f=1kHz

TYP

MAX

UNIT

28
50

36

V
mA

32
26
W
35
28
19.5

Po=20W,f=1kHz
Po=20W,f=40Hz to 15kHz
Gv=20dB,Po=20W,
f=1kHz,RL=4
RL=4,Rg=10k
B=curve A,Po=25W
RL=4,Rg=10k
B=curve A,Po=25W

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20
8
0.02
0.05
890

108
100

20.5

dB
V/sec
%
%
mV

dB

UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Fig. 10 Output power vs. supply

voltage

Fig. 11 Total harmonic distortion

vs. output power

Po
(W)

d
(%)

Vs=32V
RL=4
Gv=20dB

25
0
10
20

15
-1
10
f=15kHz
10
f=1kHz
-2
10

5
22

24

26

28

30

Vs
(V)

32

-1
10

0
10

Fig. 12 Output power vs.

Input level

1
10

Po
(W)

Fig. 13 Power dissipation vs.

output power
Ptot
(W)

Po
(W)

20

20

Complete
Amplifier

Gv=26dB
15

15

Gv=20dB
10

10

BD908/
BD907

UTC2030

0
100

250

400

550

Vi
(mV)

700

16

24

32

Po
(W)

+Vs

Vi

C5
100 F

C1
1 F

C3
100nF
D1
1N4001

R3
22k

5
4

UTC2030

R1
22k

R3
680

C2
22 F

R5

C6
100 F

C8

R4
1

D2
1N4001

RL

C4
C7
100nF 220nF

-Vs

Fig. 14 Typical amplifier with split power supply

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LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Vs+

C7
100nF

C6
100 F

IN

R1
22k

5
4

UTC2030

C8
0.22 F

C1
2.2 F

R3
22k

R8
1

C4
22 F

RL
8

R4
680

R7
22k

5
4

UTC2030

Vs-

R5
22k

C9
0.22 F

1
R2
22k

R9
1

C5
22 F

C2
100 F

C3
100nF

R6
680

Fig. 16 Bridge amplifier with split power supply(Po=34W,Vs+=16V,Vs-=16V)

Multiway speaker systems and active boxes

Multiway loudspeaker systems provide the best possible acoustic performance since each loudspeaker is
speciailly designed and optimizied to handle a limited range of frequencies.Commonly,these loudspeaker systems
divide the audio spectrum two or three bands.
To maintain a flat frequency response over the Hi-Fi audio range the bands cobered by each loudspeaker must
overlap slightly.Imbalance between the loudspeakers produces unacceptable results therefore it is important to
ensure that each unit generates the correct amount of acoustic energy for its segmento of the audio spectrum.In
this respect it is also important to know the energy distribution of the music spectrum to determine the cutoff
frequencies of the crossover filters(see Fig. 18).As an example,1 100W three-way system with crossover
frequencies of 400Hz and 3khz would require 50W for tthe woofer,35W for the midrange unit and 15W for the
tweeter.
Both active and passive filters can be used for crossovers but active filters cost significantly less than a good
passive filter using aircored inductors and non-electrolytic capacitors.In addition active filters do not suffer from the
typical defects of passive filters:
--Power less;
--Increased impedance seen by the loudspeaker(lower damping)
--Difficuty of precise design due to variable loudspeaker impedance.

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Obviously, active crossovers can only be used if a power amplifier is provide for each drive unit.This makes it
particularly interesting and economically sound to use monolithic power amplifiers.
In some applications complex filters are not realy necessary and simple RC low-pass and high-pass
networks(6dB/octave) can be recommended.
The result obtained are excellent because this is the best type of audio filter and the only one free from phase and
transient distortion.
The rather poor out of band attenuation of single RC filters means that the lodspeaker must operate linearly well
beyond the crossover frequency to avoid distortion.
A more effective solution,named "Active power Filter" by SGS is shown in Fig. 19.

The proposed circuit can realize combined power amplifiers and 12dB/octave or 18dB octave high-pass or lowpass filters.
In practive, at the input pins amplifier two equal and in-phase voltages are available, as required for the active
filter operations.
The impedance at the Pin(-) is of the order of 100,while that of the Pin (+) is very high, which is also what was
wanted.
Fig. 18 Power distribution vs.
frequency

Fig. 19 Active power filter

100

C1 C2 C3

IEC/DIN NOISE
SPECTRUM
FOR SPEAKER
TESTING

80

Vs+

Morden
Music
Spectrum

RL

60

R1 R2

R3
3.3k

Vs-

40

100
20

0
1
10

2
10

3
10

4
10

5
10

The components values calculated for fc=900Hz using a Bessel 3rd Sallen and Key structure are:
C1=C2=C3=22nF,R1=8.2K,R2=5.6K,R3=33K.
Using this type of crossover filter, a complete 3-way 60W active loudspeaker system is shown in Fig. 20.
It employs 2nd order Buttherworth filter with the crossover frequencies equal to 300Hz and 3kHz.
The midrange section consistors of two filters a high pass circuit followed by a low pass network.With Vs=32V the
output power delivered to the woofer is 25W at d=0.06%( 30W at d=0.5%).The power delivered to the midrange
and the tweeter can be optimized in the design phase taking in account the loudspeaker efficiency and
impedance(RL=4 to 8).
It is quite common that midrange and tweeter speakers have an efficiency 3dB higher than woofers.

Musical instruments amplifiers

Another important field of application for active system is music.
In this area the use of several medium power amplifiers is more convenient than a single high power amplifier,
and it is also more reliable. A typical example(see Fig. 21) consist of four amplifiers each driving a low-cost, 12 inch
loudspeaker. This application can supply 80 to 160W rms.

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Transient inter-modulation distortion(TIM)

Transient inter-modulation distortion is an unfortunate phenomena associated with negative-feedback amplifiers.
When a feedback amplifier receives an input signal which rises very steeply, i.e. contains high-frequency
components, the feedback can arrive too late so that the amplifiers overloads and a burst of inter-modulation
distortion will be produced as in Fig.22.Since transients occur frequently in music this obviously a problem for the
designed of audio amplifiers. Unfortunately, heavy negative feedback is frequency used to reduce the total
harmonic distortion of an amplifier, which tends to aggravate the transient inter-modulation(TIM situation.)The best
known
Vs+

UTC2030

2200

3.3k

100

BD907

22k

33nF

2
100

BD908

680O

0.22

22k

1.5

0.22 F

2200

0.22 F

22k

1N4001

18nF

1.5

IN

1N4001

Low-pass
300Hz

Woofer
Band-pass
300Hz to 3kHz

0.22

Vs+

1N4001

22k

6.8k

220

UTC2030

3.3nF

3.3k

22k

0.22

0.1

18nF

0.1

1N4001
100

2.2k

100

0.22

High-pass
3kHz

12k

22k

5
UTC2030

100

1N4001

0.22

22k

100

1N4001

0.1

1O

Midrange

Vs+

0.1

22k

Vs+

47

100

2.2k

High-pass
3kHz

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Tweeter

10

UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Fig.21 High power active box for musical

instrument

Fig.22 Overshoot phenomenon in

feedback amplifiers

FEEDBACK
PATH

20 to 40W
Amplifier
V4
INPUT

PRE
AMPLIFIER

V1

V2

V3

POWER
AMPLIFIER

OUTPUT
V4

20 to 40W
Amplifier

V1

20 to 40W
Amplifier

V2

20 to 40W
Amplifier
V3
V4

method for the measurement of TIM consicts of feeding sine waves superimposed onto square wavers,into the
amplifier under test.The output spectrum is then examined using a spectrum analyser and compared to the
input.This method suffers from serious disadvantages:the accuracy is limited, the measurement is a tather delicate
operation and an expensive spectrum analyser is essential.A new approach (see Technical Note 143(Applied by
SGS to monolithic amplifiers measurement is fast cheap,it requires nothing more sophisticated than an
oscilloscope-and sensitive-and it can be used down to the values as low as 0.002% in high power amplifiers.
The "inverting-sawtooth" method of measurement is based on the response of an amplifier to a 20KHz sawtooth
waveform.The amplifier has no difficulty following the slow ramp but it cannot follow the fast edge.The output will
follow the upper line in Fig.23 cutting of the shade area and thus increasing the mean level.If this output signal is
filtered to remove the sawtooth,direct voltage remains which indicates the amount of tIM distortion, although it is
difficult to measure because it is indistingishable from the DC offset of the amplifier.This problem os neatly avoided
in the IS-TIM method by periodically inverting the sawtooth waveform at a low audio frequency as shown in
Fig.24.Inthe case of the sawtooth in Fig. 25 the means level was increased by the TIM distortion, for a sawtooth in
the other direction the opposite is ture.

SR(V/s)

Input
Signal

m2
m1

Filtered
Output
Siganal
Fig.23 20kHz sawtooth waveform

Fig.24 Inverting sawtooth waveform

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

The result is an AC signal at the output whole peak-to-peak value is the TIM voltage,which can be measured
easily with an oscilloscope.If the peak-topeak value of the signal and the peak-to-peak of the inverting sawtooth are
measured,the TIM can be found very simply from:

VOUT

TIM =

* 100
Vsawtooth

Fig. 25 TIM distortion Vs.

Output Power

Fig. 26 TIM design

diagram(fc=30kHz)

1
10

2
10

SR(V/

UTC2030
BD908/907
Gv=26dB
Vs=32V
RL=4

0
10

-2
10

-1
10

0
10

RC Filter fc=30kHz

1
10

RC Filter fc=30kHz

-1
10

0
10

1
10

Po(W)

2
10

TI
M
=0
.0
TI
1%
M
=0
.
TI
1%
M
=1
%

TIM(%)

-1
10

-1
10

0
10

1
10

2
10

Vo(Vp-p)

In Fig.25 The experimental results are shown for the 30W amplifier using the UTC2030 as a driver and a low-cost
complementary pair.A simple RC filter on the input of the amplifier to limit the maxmium signal slope(SS) is an
effective way to reduce TIM.
The Digram of Fig.26 originated by SGS can be used to find the Slew-Rate(SR) required for a given output power
or voltage and a TIM design target.
For example if an anti-TIM filter with a cutoff at 30kHz is used and the max.Peak to peak output voltage is 16V then,
referring to the diagram, a Slew-Rate of 6V/s is necessary for 0.1% TIM.
As shown Slew-Rates of above 10V/s do not contribute to a further reduction in TIM.
Slew-Rates of 100V/s are not only useless but also a disadvantage in Hi-Fi audio amplifiers because they tend to
turn the amplifier into a radio receiver.

Power Supply
Using monolithic audio amplifier with non regulated supply correctly.In any working case it must provide a supply
voltage less than the maximum value fixed by the IC breakdown voltage.
It is essential to take into account all the working conditions, in particular mains fluctuations and supply voltage
variations with and without load.The UTC2030(Vsmax=32V) is particularly suitable for substitution of the standard
IC power amplifiers(with Vsmax=28V) for more reliable applications.
An example, using a simple full-wave rectifier followed by a capacitor filter, is shown in the table and in the
diagram of Fig.27.
A regulated supply is not usually used for the power output stages because of its dimensioning must be done
taking into account the power to supply in signal peaks.They are not only a small percentage of the total music
signal, with consequently large overdimensioning of the circuit.
Even if with a regulated supply higher output power can be obtained(Vs is constant in all working conditions),the
additional cost and power dissipation do not usually justify its use.using non-regulated supplies,there are fewer
designe restriction.In fact,when signal peaks are present, the capacitor filter acts as a flywheel supplying the
required energy.

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

In average conditions,the continuous power supplied is lower.The music power/continuous power ratio is greater in
case than for the case of regulated supplied,with space saving and cost reduction.

Fig.27 DC characteristics of
50W non-regulated supply
Ripple
(Vp-p)

Vo(V)
26

24
Ripple

22

220V

Vo

3300 F

20

Vout

18

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.6

2.0

Io(A)

Mains(220V)

Secondary
voltage

+20%
+15%
+10%

23.0V
22.1V
21.1V
19.2V
17.3V
16.3V
15.3V

-10%
-15%
-20%

DC output Voltage(Vo)
Io=0
34.5V
33.1V
31.7V
29.0V
25.9V
24.5V
23.0V

Io=0.1A
33.6V
32.2V
30.8V
28.0V
25.2V
23.8V
22.4V

Io=1A
30.0V
28.6V
27.3V
24.8V
22.2V
20.8V
19.4V

Short Circuit Protection

The UTC2030 has an original circuit which limits the current of the output transistors.This function can be
considered as being peak power limiting rather than simple current limiting.It reduces the possibility that the device
gets damaged during an accidental short circuit from AC output to Ground.

Thermal Shut-Down
The presence of a thermal limiting circuit offers the following advantages:
1).An overload on the output (even if it is permanent),or an above limit ambient temperture can be easily supported
since the Tj can not be higher than 150C
2).The heat-sink can have a smaller factor of safety compared with that of a convential circuit,There is no possibity
of device damage due to high junction temperature increase up to 150, the thermal shut-down simply reduces the
power dissipation and the current consumption.

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UTC2030

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

APPLICATION SUGGESTION
The recommended values of the components are those shown on application circuit of Fig.14. Different values can
be used.The following table can help the designer.
Component

Recommended value

Purpose

Large than
recommended value

Large than
recommended value

R1

22K

Increase of Gain

Decrease of Gain

R2

680

Decrease of Gain

Increase of Gain

R3

22K

R4

Closed loop gaon

setting.
Closed loop gaon
setting.
Non inverting input
biasing
Frequency stacility

R5

3R2

C1

1F

C2

22F

C3,C4

0.1F

C5,C6

100F

C7
C8

0.22F
1/(2*B*R1)

D1,D2

1N4001

Increase of input
Decrease of input
impedance
impedance
Danger of oscillation
at high frequencies
with inductive loads.
Upper frequency
Poor high frequencies Dange of oscillation
attenuation
cutoff
Input DC decoupling
Increase of low
frequencies cutoff
Inverting DC
Increase of low
decoupling
frequencies cutoff
Supply voltage
Dange of oscillation
bypass
Supply voltage
Dange of oscillation
bypass
Frequency stability
Larger bandwidth
Upper frequency
smaller bandwidth
Larger bandwidth
cutoff
To protect the device
against output voltage
spikes.

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