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Physics of Metal

1) The document is an exam for a Bachelor of Metallurgical Engineering degree. It contains 8 questions related to the physics of metals. 2) Question 1 asks about crystal symmetry elements and why five-fold rotational symmetry is absent in crystals. Question 2 is about interpreting wave functions, expectation values of dynamical variables, and finding the average momentum of a particle in a box. 3) Question 3 defines free electrons and Fermi energy, and finds the expression for Fermi energy using periodic boundary conditions. It also asks about the average energy of free electrons at 0 K.

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Chayon Mondal
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33 views3 pages

Physics of Metal

1) The document is an exam for a Bachelor of Metallurgical Engineering degree. It contains 8 questions related to the physics of metals. 2) Question 1 asks about crystal symmetry elements and why five-fold rotational symmetry is absent in crystals. Question 2 is about interpreting wave functions, expectation values of dynamical variables, and finding the average momentum of a particle in a box. 3) Question 3 defines free electrons and Fermi energy, and finds the expression for Fermi energy using periodic boundary conditions. It also asks about the average energy of free electrons at 0 K.

Uploaded by

Chayon Mondal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ex/MET/T/326/81/2009

BACHELOR OF METALLURGICAL ENGG. EXAMINATION, 2009

(3rd Year, 2nd Semester)


PHYSICS OF METAL

Time : Three hours

Full Marks : 100

Answer any five questions.


1. a)

2.

State and explain different symmetry elements.

10

b)

Explain why five fold rotational symmetry is absent in


crystals.
10

a)

Explain the interpretation of wave function .

b)

Let be the wave function and G be the dynamical

variable. Give the expression for the expectation value of


dynamical variable. State and explain the condition the
system must satisfy so that the measurement of the
dynamical variable would yeild definite result.
c)

2+4

The wave function of a free particle in a rigid box of


length L is given by,

Sin
L
L

Find the average value of momentum. Comment on the


result obtained. Why zero energy of particle is excluded.
Explain.
6+2+2
3. a)

Define free electrons. Define Fermi energy. Find the

[ TURN OVER ]

( 2 )

( 3 )
b)

expression for Fermi energy of free electrons using


periodic boundary condition.
b)

2+2+10

of redius r. The magnetic dipole moment

Find the average energy of free electrons at T = 0 K.

by,

6
4.

a)

capacity of metal is higher than what is found

b)

Show that the electronic heat capacity of metal (Cel) is

el

5.

a)

Explain the motion of electrons in Fermi Sphere under


the application of electric field. Hence explain that
electrons lying near the Fermi energy takes part in the

solid. Find the number of quantum states in the zone for


the above solid containing N number of atoms.

7+3

conduction process.
b)

Derive an effective mass of electron in solids. Effective

b)

a)

Show that a loop of area A carrying a current I is


equivalent to a magnetic dipole moment, given by,

m = n
Where n
is unit vector normal to the plane of loop. 10

12

Explain the basis and classification of magnetic materials. 8

mass near the zone boundary is negative. Explain.8+2


6.

8+2

8. a)

14

Draw and justify the first Brillouis zone for a simple cubic

l
Ma
2m

What is Curie-Weiss law. Differentiate between


ferromagnetic and paramagnetic Curie temperature.
Extend the theory on paramagnetic spin system to
explain (i) Curie-Weiss law and (ii) spontaneous
magnetization.
2+2+16

1 2
T
Nk
2
TF

Where the symbols have got usual meaning.

m is given

7.

given by,

Where Ma is the angular momentum.


Hence define Bohr magneton.

Explain why the classically predicted electronic heat


experimantally.

An electron of mass m and charge e rotates in a circle

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