1.

Hitung volume galian dan timbunan untuk daerah

Dengan menggunakan metode four average corner, diasumsikan nilai

kanan bawah untuk kotak no.VII = 258 dan nilai kanan bawah untuk kotak
no.VIII = 259

Four Average Corner

Vc = (L2 x Hc2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
Vf = (L2 x Hf2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
Sehingga didapat :

Contoh Perhitungan :
No. I
Hc = 0 (karena di kotak I tidak terjadi proses penggalian)
Hf = (255 250) + (255 252) + (255 251) + (255 253)
= 14
Vc = (L2 x Hc2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
= (L2 x 0) / 4(0+14)
=0
Vf = (L2 x Hf2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
= (L2 x 142) / 4(0+14)
= 3,5 L2
No. II
Hc = 255 257 = -2
Hf = (255 252) + (255 253) + (255 253)
=7
Vc = (L2 x Hc2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
= (L2 x - 22) / 4(-2+14)
= 0,2 L2
Vf = (L2 x Hf2) / 4(Hc + Hf)
= (L2 x 72) / 4(0+14)
= 2,45 L2
Sehingga didapat :
Vc = Vc I + Vc II + Vc III + Vc VI + Vc VII + Vc VIII
= 0 + 0,2 L2 + (-2,3) L2 + 0,8 L2 + (-2,5) L2 + (-3,3) L2
= -7 L2
Vf = Vf I + Vf II + Vf III + Vf VI + Vf VII + Vf VIII
= 3,5 L2 + 2,45 L2 + (-0,25) L2 + 3 L2 + (-0,2) L2 + 0
= 8,5 L2
2. Dump truck CAT 769C

Max capacity 17.5 m3 (struck) and 23.6 m3 (heaped)

Max load 36.1 tons
Soil density = 1.65 tons/B m3
% swell = 15%
Loaded distribution (rear : front = 67% : 33%)
Coefficient of traction = 0.55
Find tractive effort
Answer :
Operating weight (empty) : 31.178 kg
Top Speed (loaded)
: 75 km/hr
Max Gross Vehicle Weight : 67.586 kg
Weight Distribution
Empty- Front:
50 %
- Rear :
50 %
Loaded
- Front:
33 %
- Rear :
67 %
i.

Payload (Hauled Load)

Volume
Dry density (bank)
: 1.650 Kg/m3
% Swell
: 15%
Dry density (loose)
:

% swell
0,15

Dry density (loose)

Swell factor
SF

Dry density ( bank )Dry density (loose)

Dry density (loose)
1650Dry density (loose)
Dry density (loose)
=

= 1.435 Kg/m3
:
=
=

Dry density (loose)

Dry density (bank )
1435
Kg/m3 x 100%
1650

= 87 %
Payload
Max Payload
kg (struck)

= 27.5 m3 = 27.5 m3 x 1.435 Kg/m3 = 25112,5

= 33.6 m3 = 33.6 m3 x 1.435 Kg/m3 = 33.866 Kg

(heaped)
Heaped load exceed rated load (36100) !
Use max payload = 36.100 Kg / 1.435 Kg/m3
Payload = 25.16 Lm3
ii. Check Traction
a.

Haul:
Total Weight = 31.178 Kg + 36.100 Kg
= 67.278 Kg
Weight on Driving Wheels = 33% x 67.278 Kg
= 22.201,74 Kg
Available Traction = 0.55 * 22.201,74 Kg
= 12.210,96 Kg
b. Return:

Total Weight =
= 31.178 Kg
Weight on Driving Wheels = 50% x 31.178 Kg
= 15.589 Kg
Available Traction = 0.55 x 15.589 Kg
= 8.573,95 Kg
3. Tugas Pekerjaan Tanah
BAGIAN A
Sebuah proyek

persiapan

lahan

konstruksi

mencakup

pekerjaan

penimbunan, perataan dan pemadatan tanah. Lahan yang akan disiapkan

mempunyai ukuran 300 m x 150 m. Tanah untuk galian akan diperoleh
dari suatu lokasi penggalian A (quarry) yang terletak 80 m lebih tinggi dan
berjarak 8 km dari lokasi lahan yang dipersiapkan (C).

Dimensi galian

(quarry) 100 m x 75 m x 8 m. Penggalian akan dikerjakan oleh dua (2)

buah loader E-1, sementara untuk pengangkutan akan menggunakan
sejumlah dumptruck DT-X
Data yang terkait dengan trayek pengangkutan adalah sebagai berikut:
N

Posis

Kegiatan

Jar

Gra

RR

CoT

Kecepa

ak

de

(kg/to

(kg/To

tan

(k

(%)

n)

n)

(km/ja

Keterangan

m)
1

A-B

B-C

C-B

B-A

Penggalian
Pengangku
tan
Pengangku
tan
Penimbuna
n
Kembali

m)

+2

2.4

Penggalian

0.35

140

0.35

5.6

-4%

135

0.40

135

0.55

+4

5.6

Kembali

125

135

0.40

2.4

-2%

140

0.35

125

0.35

Data LOADER E-1

18
km/jam
22
km/jam
-

RR

=
rolling

resistant
CoT = coeff.
of

20

traction
Driving

km/jam

wheel of DT

24

at rear

km/jam
-

Data DUMP-TRUCK DT-X

Bucket capacity

= 1,2 m3

kg
Operating weight

= 22.400 kg

27,3 ton
Lifting capacity (front)

= 3,320 kg

Operating weight empty = 22.400

Maximum capacity

Heaped volume

= 18.6 m3
Lifting capacity (side) = 2,310 kg

Struck volume

= 16.5 m3
Optimum depth of cut
= 3,25 m

DT load distribution (front :

rear) :
Average depth of cut = 3,00 m
a) empty = 50%:50%;
Angel of swing
= 125o
b) loaded = 33%:67%
DT Fixed time (position, dump) = 2,3 menit
Correction factor for swing & depth of cut = 0,85
Bucket fill factor
= 85%
Fixed time loader (cut, raise, swing, dump) = 1,7 menit
Mgt. Condition correction factor = 0,80; Job Efficiency= 50 minute-hour;
Working hours =8 hours/day
Massa jenis kering, bank, B = 2.100 kg/m3 ; swell factor = 80%; dan
shrinkage factor = 75%.
Bagian A1
1) Hitung payload untuk setiap dumptruk, DT-X (m3)

2) Hitung jumlah dumptruck yang dapat dilayani (optimum) oleh 2 Loaded

(E-1)
Bagian A2
Biaya operasi (termasuk sewa alat, operator, bahan bakar dan pelumas):
Loader, E-1 = Rp 210.000,- / mesin-jam
Dumptruck DT-X = Rp
115.500,- mesin-jam
Biaya tidak langsung adalah Rp. 321.600,- / hari
3) Hitung biaya penggalian dan pengangkutan tanah (Rp /Bm 3)

Jawab :
A1
1. Payload
Volume
Dry density (bank)
Swell factor
Dry density (loose)

: 2.100 Kg/m3
: 80%
:

Dry density (loose)

Dry density (bank )
Dry density (loose)
80%
=
Kg/m3 x 100%
2100
loose
) = 1680 Kg/m3
Dry density
SF =

% swell

% swell
=

Dry density ( bank )Dry density (loose)

Dry density (loose)
21001680
x 100%
1680
=

= 25%
Payload
Max Payload
(struck)

= 16.5 m3 = 16.5 m3 x 1.680 Kg/m3 = 27.720 kg

= 18.6 m3 = 18.6 m3 x 1.680 Kg/m3 = 31.248 Kg

(heaped)
Heaped load exceed rated load (27300) !
Use max payload = 27.300 Kg / 1.680 Kg/m3
Payload = 16.25 Lm3
2. Jumlah dumptruck yang dapat dilayani (optimum) oleh 2 Loaded (E-1)

Check Traction
a. Haul:

Posisi A-B
Total Weight = 22.400 Kg + 27.300 Kg
= 49.700 Kg
Weight on Driving Wheels = 67% x 49.700 Kg
= 33.299 Kg
Available Traction = 0.35 * 33.299 Kg
= 11.654,65 Kg
Rolling Resistance Coeff= 140 kg/ton

Grade Resistance

= +2%

Total Resistance = (140/1000 + 2%) x 49700 Kg

Traction > Total Resistance OK

Posisi B-C
Total Weight = 22.400 Kg + 27.300 Kg
= 49.700 Kg
Weight on Driving Wheels = 67% x 49.700 Kg
= 33.299 Kg
Available Traction = 0.4 * 33.299 Kg
= 13.319,6 Kg
Rolling Resistance Coeff= 135 kg/ton

= 7.952 Kg

Grade Resistance

= -4%

Total Resistance = (135/1000 - 4%) x 49700 Kg

Traction > Total Resistance OK

= 7.952 Kg

b. Return:
Posisi C-B
a.
b.
c.

d.
e.

Total Weight =
= 22.400 Kg
Weight on Driving Wheels = 50% x 22.400 Kg
= 11.200 Kg
Available Traction = 0.4 x 11.200 Kg
= 4.480 Kg

Rolling Resistance Coeff= 135 kg/ton

Grade Resistance

= +4%

Total Resistance = (135/1000 + 4%) x 22.400 Kg

Traction > Total Resistance OK

= 3.920 Kg

Posisi B-A
c.
a.
b.

c.
d.

Total Weight =

= 22.400 Kg

Weight on Driving Wheels = 50% x 22.400 Kg

Available Traction = 0.35 x 11.200 Kg

Rolling Resistance Coeff= 140 kg/ton

Grade Resistance

= -2%

Total Resistance = (140/1000 - 2%) x 22.400 Kg

Traction > Total Resistance OK
Cycle Time
a. Haul:
Posisi A-B

= 11.200 Kg
= 3.920 Kg

= 2.688 Kg

Total Weight = 22.400 Kg + 27.300 Kg

= 49.700 Kg

Speed Rimpull Curve for TR = 16 %

Max Speed (loaded)
Haul Time = 2400 m / 11 Km/hr

Posisi B-C
Total Weight = 22.400 Kg + 27.300 Kg
= 49.700 Kg
Speed Rimpull Curve for TR = 9,5 %
= 22 Km/hr
Max Speed (loaded)
= 22 Km/hr
Haul Time = 5600 m / 22 Km/hr
= 0.255 hr

= 11 Km/hr
= 18 Km/hr
= 0.218 hr

Return:
Posisi C-B
Total Weight
= 22.400 Kg
Speed Rimpull Curve for TR = 17.5%
= 25 Km/hr
Max Speed (empty)
= 20 Km/hr
Haul Time = 5.600 m / 20 Km/hr
= 0.28 hr
Posisi B-A
Total Weight
= 22.400 Kg
Speed Rimpull Curve for TR = 12%
= 27 Km/hr
Max Speed (empty)
= 24 Km/hr
Haul Time = 2.400 m / 24 Km/hr
= 0.1 hr
Fixed Time:
Fixed Time (position,dump)= 2.3 minutes
= 0,038 hr
Loaded Time = 1,7 x 15
= 0,425 hr
Total Cycle Time = 0,218 hr + 0,255 hr + 0,28 hr + 0.1 hr + 0,038
hr + 0,425 hr
= 1,316 hr
Productivity = 16,25 Lm3 / 1,316 hr x 50/60 (eff.)

= 10,29 Lm3/hr

Jumlah dumptruck yang dapat dilayani (optimum) oleh 2 Loaded (E1

Nd = (1,316 hr / 0,425 hr) = 3,09 3 dumptruck

For 2 Loaded E-1 2 * 3 DT = 6 DT
Bagian A2
Biaya operasi (termasuk sewa alat, operator, bahan bakar dan pelumas):
Loader, E-1 = Rp 210.000,- / mesin-jam
Dumptruck DT-X = Rp
115.500,- mesin-jam
Biaya tidak langsung adalah Rp. 321.600,- / hari
3) Hitung biaya penggalian dan pengangkutan tanah (Rp /Bm 3)

A2

a. Penggalian Tanah

Volume penggalian = 100 m x 75 m x 8 m

= 60.000 m3

Load Capacity (m3/bucket) = 1,2 m3 x 85%

1,02

m /bucket

3,25 m
x 100
3m

% optimum depth of cut =

Cycle time / bucket = fixed time = 1,7 menit

Probable production / bucket =

= 108,3%
= 102 secon

1,2 m3 x 85 50 min
x
1,7 min
60 min
60 min

30

m3/hr

Probable Production / day = 8 hr/day x 30 m3/hr

Production time / loader = =

= 240 m3/day

60.000
2 x 240 m 3/day

125

hari

Loader E-1,

= Rp 210.000/mesin-

jam

Operation Cost 2 loader= Rp 210.000/mesin-jam x 125 hari x 8

jam/hari x 2
= Rp 420.000.000,00

b. Pengangkatan tanah

Jumlah

bucket

16,25 m 3
1,2 m3 x 0,85

Load time

Payload
bucket capacity x bucket fill factor

= 15,93 = 15
= jumlah bucket x fixed time bucket = 15 x 1,7 menit

= 15,5 menit

Haul time

= 0,573 hr

Return time = 0,38 hr

Fixed time

= 2,3 menit

Cycle time

= load time + haul time + fixed time + return time

= 1,25 jam

50
60

Productivity/DT

= 1,25 jam x

= 1,04 jam / DT

Productivity/DT

= 1,04 jam/ DT x 8 jam / hari x 125 hari

= 1040 jam / DT
Dumptruck DT-x= Rp 115.500/mesin-jam

 Operation Cost

= Rp 115.500/mesin-jam x 1040 jam/DT x 6 DT

= Rp 720720000
Biaya tak langsung = Rp 321.600 / hari x 125 hari = Rp
40.187.500,00