Unit 6

Digital Integrated Circuits

1.WHAT ARE THE PARAMETERS THAT ARE NECESSARY TO DEFINE THE
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CMOS CIRCUITS? MENTION THE TYPICAL
VALUES OF A CMOS NAND GATE?
2.DESIGN A CMOS 4-INPUT AND-OR-INVERT GATE DRAW THE LOGIC DIAGRAM
AND FUNCTION TABLE?
3.EXPLAIN THE EFFECT OF FLOATING INPUTS ON CMOS GATE?
4.EXPLAIN HOW A CMOS DEVICE IS DESTROYED?
5.WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRANSMISSION TIME AND
PROPAGATION DELAY?EXPLAIN THESE TWO PARAMETERS WITH REFERENCE
TO CMOS LOGIC?
6.DRAW THE CMOS CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF TRI-STATE BUFFER EXPLAIN THE
CIRCUIT WITH THE HELP OF LOGIC DIAGRAM AND FUNCTION TABLE?
7.DESIGN A CMOS TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT THAT REALIZES THE FOLLOWING
BOOLEAN FUNCTION F= ((P+Q').(Q+R))' ALSO EXPLAIN THE FUNCTIONAL
PARAMETERS?
8.DESIGN A CMOS TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT THAT HAS THE FUNCTIONAL
BEHAVIOR F=A(B+C)
9.DEFINE THE TERMS WITH RESPECT TO LOGIC FAMILIES FANOUT, POWER
DISSIPATION, PROPAGATION DELAY AND NOISE MARGIN?
10.DISTINGUISH BETWEEN OPEN COLLECTOR AND TOTEM POLE COLLECTOR?
11. DESIGN A CMOS TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT WITH THE FUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR
F=(A+B').(B+D').(A+D')
12.DRAW THE LOGIC DIAGRAM EQUIVALENT TO THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE
OR AN 8-INPUT CMOS NAND GATE SHOW THE TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT FOR THIS
GATE AND EXPLAIN THE OPERATION WITH THE HELP OF FUNCTION TABLE.
13.DRAW THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF BASIC CMOS GATE AND EXPLAIN THE
OPERATION?

UNIT-4
1.DESCRIBING THE APPLICATION OF 555 TIMER AS PULSING BUZZER?
2. WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THRESHOLD AND CONTROL VOLTAGE PINS IN 555 TIMERS?
3.WITH A NEAT DIAGRAM EXPLAIN ABOUT TRIANGULAR WAVE GENERATOR?
4.WITH A NEAT DIAGRAM, EXPLAIN ABOUT SAWTOOTH WAVE FORM GENERATOR?
5.HOW AN SYMMETRICAL WAVE FORM GENERATOR CAN BE CONSTRUCTED USING 555 TIMER?
6.IF Ra = 6.8 K OHM, Rb = 3.3 K OHM C=0.1 MICRO FARAD IN 555 ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR CALCULATE:
1. T HIGH 2. T LOW 3. FREE RUNNING FREQ 4.DUTY CYCLE.
7.EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK IN OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS?
8.HOW DOES NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AFFECT THE PERFORMANCE OF AN INVERTING AMPLIFIERS?
9.DEFINE THE CONDITIONS ON THE FEED BACK CIRCUIT OF AN AMPLIFIER TO CONVERT IT INTO AN
OSCILLATOR?
10. WHAT IS VCO GIVE TWO APPLICATIONS OF IT.
11.EXPLAIN HOW LF398 CAN BE USED AS SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUIT?
12.WHAT ARE PASSIVE LOOP FILTERS IN PLL EXPLAIN NEATLY WITH FIGURE?
13.WRITE ABOUT VOLTAGE CONTROLLED FREQUENCY SHIFTER USING 555 TIMER?
14.FOR THE FREQUENCY SHIFTER CALCULATE
1. THE CHARGE CURRENT I FOR INPUT E=0V
2. THE CENTRE FREQUENCY WHEN E=0V
3.THE FREQUENCY SHIFT FOUT FOR E=+/-1V.
15. DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE FEEDBACK NETWORKS OF RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR AND
WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR?
16.LIST OUT THE APPLICATIONS OF WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR?
17.WRITE THE SPECIFICATIONS OF NE555 TIMER IC?
18.DESIGN A 555 TIMER CIRCUIT WHOSE OUTPUT FREQUENCY IS 2KHz WHEN THE TRIGGER INPUT
SIGNAL FREQUENCY IS 4 KHz?
19.IN THE 555 TIMER MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUIT IF Ra = 10 Kohm DETERMINE THE VALUE
OF C FOR OUTPUT PULSE DURATION OF 1mS?
20.STATE AND EXPLAIN BARKHAUSEN CRITERION FOR OSCILLATOR?
21.DERIVE THE EXPRESSION FOR GAIN AND FREQUENCY OF OSCILLATIONS RC PHASE SHIFT
OSCILLATOR?
22.DRAW THE PIN DIAGRAM OF 555 TIMER AND EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION OF EACH PIN?
23.DEFINE THE TERMS 1. FREE RUNNING FREQUENCY 11.LOCK IN RANGE 111.CAPTURE RANGE 1V.
PULL IN TIME
24. DESCRIBE ABOUT FREQUENCY DIVIDER USING 555 TIMER?
25.WITH A NEAT DIAGRAM EXPLAIN ABOUT PULSE WIDTH MODULATION USING 555 TIMER?
UNIT-3
1.DESIGN A 4TH ORDER BUTTER WORTH LOW PASS FILTER HAVING UPPER CUT OFF FREQUENCY 1
KHz AND PASS BAND GAIN OF 10?
2.WRITE ABOUT FREQUENCY TRANSFORMATION IN ACTIVE FILTERS?
3.DESIGN 60 Hz ACTIVE LPF?
4.WITH A NEAT DIAGRAM EXPLAIN ABOUT ALL PASS FILTER?
5.DETERMINE THE ORDER OF A LOW PASS BUTTER WORTH FILTER THAT IS TO PROVIDE 40 DB
ATTENUATION AT W/WH = 2?
6.MENTION THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ACTIVE FILTERS OVER PASSIVE FILTERS.
7.WRITE THE VARIOUS DESIGN STEPS OF SECOND ORDER HIGH PASS BUTTER WORTH FILTERS?
8.EXPLAIN ABOUT FREQUENCY SCALING IN ACTIVE FILTERS?
UNIT-2
1.DRAW THE WAVE FORMS OF INVERTING AND NON INVERTING COMPARATOR?
2.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF LIMITERS USING OPAMP?
3.EXPLAIN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPARATOR AND DRAW THE CIRCUIT FOR COMPARATOR
USING OPAMP?
4.WRITE ABOUT INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER WITH NEAT DIAGRAM?
5.DESIGN A PRACTICAL INTEGRATOR CIRCUIT TO INTEGRATE A SINUSOIDAL INPUT OF 10mV AND
UPTO 1 KHz?
6. EXPLAIN HOW INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER CAN BE USED AS ANALOG WEIGHT SCALE?
7.EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF MULTIPLICATION USING OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER?
8.EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF DIVISION USING OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER?
9.EXPLAIN HOW SQUARE ROOT OF A SIGNAL COULD BE OBTAINED USING OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER?

UNIT -1 AND GENERAL QUESTIONS RELATED TO OPAMP

1.WRITE ABOUT CLASSIFICATION OF ICS ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATION AND CHIP COMPLEXITY.?
2. DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN MONOLITHIC AND HYBRID CIRCUITS WITH SUITABLE EXAMPLES.?
3.WRITE ABOUT THE TEMPERATURE RANGES AND POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS OF INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS.?
4.WITH A NEAT DIAGRAM EXPLAIN ABOUT CONSTRUCTION OF DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER WITH THREE
OPAMPS.?
5.EXPLAIN HOW VARIABLE GAIN CAN BE ACHIEVED WITH DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIERS.?
6.EXPLAIN SIGNIFICANCE OF CURRENT MIRROR IN AN OPAMP CIRCUIT.?
7.DISCUSS IN DETAIL ABOUT OPAMP COMPENSATING NETWORKS.?
8.DISCUSS THE STABILITY OF THE OPAMP.?
9.DRAW HIGH FREQUENCY MODEL OF AN OPAMP AND EXPLAIN ITS WORKING.?
10. WHAT IS LEVEL TRANSLATOR CIRCUIT? WHY IT IS USED WITH THE CASCADED DIFFERENTIAL
AMPLIFIER?
11.WHAT IS A CASCODE AMPLIFIER? LIST THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CASCODE AMPLIFIER?
12. EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK IN OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS?
13.HOW DOES NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AFFECT THE PERFORMANCE OF AN INVERTING AMPLIFIERS?
IC Applications Important Questions (EXPECTED QUESTIONS FOR 4 SETS) BOTH INTERNAL AND
EXTERNAL EXAM

UNIT -5
1.WRITE SHORT NOTES ON A/D CONVERTER?
2.COMPARE R-2R LADDER DACS AND WEIGHTED RESISTOR TYPE DACS?
3.EXPLAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS?
4.DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS
1.LINEARITY
2.RESOLUTION
5.ILLUSTRATE ONE APPLICATION EACH OF A/D AND D/A CONVERTERS?
6.WRITE SHORT NOTE ON MULTIPLYING DAC AND MENTION ITS APPLICATIONS?
7.LIST THE SPECIFICATIONS OF D/A CONVERTER IC 1408?
8.A 12-BIT DAC HAS A FULL SCALE RANGE OF 15 VOLTS. ITS MAXIMUM DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY
ERROR IS +/- 1/2 LSB.
I. WHAT IS THE PERCENTAGE RESOLUTION?
II. WHAT ARE THE MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM POSSIBILITY VALUES OF THE INCREMENT IN ITS OUTPUT
VOLTAGE?
9.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF PARALLEL COMPARATOR TYPE ADC WITH THE HELP OF NEAT
DIAGRAM.?
10.THE LSB OF A 6-BIT D/A CONVERTER REPRESENTS 0.1V. WHAT VOLTAGE VALUE WILL BE
REPRESENT BY THE FOLLOWING BINARY WORDS.?
1. 101010
2. 110110
11.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF AN 8-BIT TRACKING TYPE A/D CONVERTER ?
12. COMPARE THE CONVERSION TIMES AND EFFICIENCIES OF 8-BIT TRACKING TYPE AND
SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION TYPE ADCS.?
13.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF A SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION TYPE ANALOG TO DIGITAL
CONVERTER?
14.CALCULATE THE NO.OF BITS REQUIRED TO REPRESENT A FULL SCALE VOLTAGE OF 10V WITH A
RESOLUTION OF 5mV APPROXIMATELY.?
15. IN WHICH TYPE OF ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER, A DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER IS
USED?EXPLAIN ITS OPERATION IN DETAIL?
16.LIST IMPORTANT SPECIFICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER AND D/A CONVERTER INDICATING THEIR
VALUES?

Simple
1. WITH THE HELP OF LOGIC DIAGRAM EXPLAIN 74X157 MULTIPLEXER?
2.DESIGN A FULL SUBTRACTOR USING LOGIC GATES?
3.USING THE ABOVE SUBTRACTOR DESIGN A 8-BIT RIPPLE SUBTRACTOR?
4.USING TWO 74X138 DECODERS DESIGN A 4 TO 16 DECODER?
5.REALIZE THE FOLLOWING EXPRESSION USING 74X151 IC F(X)=A'BC+AB'C+ABC'?

6.GIVE THE LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 74X139? EXPLAIN WITH THE HELP OF TRUTH TABLE? USING THIS
DEVICE DESIGN A 3 TO 8 DECODER AND PROVIDE THE TRUTH TABLE?
7.DESIGN A 16-BIT COMPARATOR USING 74X85 IC'S?
8.DESIGN A 32 TO 1 MULTIPLIER USING FOUR 74X151 MULTIPLEXERS AND 74X139 DECODER?
9.REALIZE THE FOLLOWING EXPRESSION USING 74X151 IC F(Y) = AB + BC + AC?
10. DESIGN THE 32 INPUT TO 5 OUTPUT PRIORITY ENCODER USING FOUR 74LS148 AND GATES?
11.DRAW THE LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 74X194 AND EXPLAIN THE OPERATION?
12. DESIGN A SERIAL BINARY ADDER?

Unit -8
1.DESIGN A CONVERSION CIRCUIT TO CONVERT A T F/F TO JK F/F?
2. WRITE SHORT NOTES ON
1. EDGE TRIGGERED F/F
2. MASTER SLAVE F/F
3.DESIGN A 4-BIT BINARY SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER USING 74X74?
4.DESIGN A MODULO-60 COUNTER USING 74X163?
5.DESIGN A 3-BIT LFSR COUNTER USING 74X194?LIST OUT THE SEQUENCE
ASSUMING THAT THE INITIAL STATE IS 10?
6.DESIGN A MODULO-12 RIPPLE COUNTER USING 74X74?
7.DRAW THE D F/F AND T F/F AND EXPLAIN THE OPERATION WITH TRUTH
TABLE?
8.DRAW THE JK F/F AND EXPLAIN ITS OPERATION WITH TRUTH TABLE?
9.DESIGN A MODULO-8 BINARY COUNTER AND DECODER WITH GLITCH-FREE
OUTPUTS. EXPLAIN OPERATION?
10.DESIGN A MODULO-100 COUNTER USING TWO 74X163 BINARY COUNTER?
11.DESIGN A CONVERSION CIRCUIT TO CONVERT A T F/F TO D F/F?
12.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF PARALLEL IN PARALLEL OUT SHIFT REGISTER?
13.DRAW THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FUNCTION TABLE OF A CONTROLLED DLATCH?
14.EXPLAIN THE OPERATION OF A D LATCH THROUGH SUITABLE TIMING
DIAGRAMS FOR VARIOUS POSSIBILITIES OF INPUT?
15.WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED WHILE USING A D LATCH?
SUGGEST METHODS TO OVERCOME THESE PROBLEMS?
16.EXPLAIN 4 BIT SERIAL IN PARALLEL OUT REGISTER?
17. DRAW THE CIRCUIT OF EDGE TRIGGERED SR F/F MADE UP OF BY BASIC
GATES AND EXPLAIN THE OPERATION. SKETCH THE WAVE FORM?