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This document provides information about different types of writing systems including petroglyphs, hieroglyphics, ideograms, pictographs, and alphabets. It discusses the advantages and limitations of ideogrammatic and alphabetic codes. Specifically, it notes that ideogrammatic languages may be easier to understand symbolically but do not translate as well to alphabetic languages, while alphabetic codes allow for quicker writing and wider understanding but can be more difficult to learn. The document also lists surfaces used for writing before paper like rock, wood, bamboo, papyrus, parchment, and clay as well as tools used for writing on each surface.

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98 views5 pages

Sten

This document provides information about different types of writing systems including petroglyphs, hieroglyphics, ideograms, pictographs, and alphabets. It discusses the advantages and limitations of ideogrammatic and alphabetic codes. Specifically, it notes that ideogrammatic languages may be easier to understand symbolically but do not translate as well to alphabetic languages, while alphabetic codes allow for quicker writing and wider understanding but can be more difficult to learn. The document also lists surfaces used for writing before paper like rock, wood, bamboo, papyrus, parchment, and clay as well as tools used for writing on each surface.

Uploaded by

api-284704512
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mikele Ray

Petroglyphs - a drawing or carving on rock, made by a member of a prehistoricpeople.

Petroglyphs on Newspaper Rocknear Canyonlands National Park, south


of Moab,
southeastern Utah, USA

Rock carving known as "Meerkatze" (named by archaeologist Leo Frobenius), rampant lionesses
in Wadi Methkandoush, Mesak Settafet region of Libya.

European petroglyphs: Laxe dos carballos in Campo Lameiro, Galicia(4th2nd


millennium BCE), depictingcup and ring marks and deer hunting scenes

Petroglyph of a camel; Negev, southern Israel.


Petroglyphs (also called rock engravings) are pictogram and logogram images creatSed by
removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, and abrading. Outside North America,
scholars often use terms such as "carving", "engraving", or other descriptions of.
Hieroglyphics - designating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient
Egyptians, in which many of thesymbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the

Mikele Ray
thingsrepresented.
Syllabic signs and Word-signs
Ideograms - a written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used
to say it, e.g., numerals and Chinese characters. ideograms is not always clear. Ideograms tend to
be less direct representations, and one may have to learn what a particular ideogram means.
Pictograms tend to be more literal.

Pictographs -a pictorial symbol for a word or phrase. Pictographs were used as the earliest known
form of writing, examples having been discovered in Egypt and Mesopotamia from before 3000
BC.

Mikele Ray

Alphabets - a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order, used to represent the basic sounds of a
language; in particular, the set of letters from A to Z. the basic elements in a system that combine
to form complex entities.

Qoph - the 19th letter in the Hebrew alphabet. transliterated as q, and pronounced as a velar or
uvular stop

There are many alphabets, name three (3)


Greek, Hawaiian, Runic
List the advantages and limitations of ideogrammatic codes
Ideogrammatic languages may be easier to learn and understand as they are each symbolic of a
certain object or action rather than having to be formed letter by letter, although they do not
translate well to alphabetic languages. This is why in ancient Egypt to make it easier for scribes to

Mikele Ray
receive instruction they were given what to write in formal hieroglyphics in demotic beforehand and
then translated it rather than being dictated.

List the advantages and limitations of alphabetic codes


Alphabetic codes are more easily understood in written form because they translate directly from
phonetic understanding, because of this they are perfect for writing quickly and being understood
more widely, directly. It is however quite a task to memorize such as language, English being one of
the most difficult languages to learn because of the vast amount of sounds the mouth can make and
also some technical factors which do not deal directly with phonetic understanding. Ideogrammatic
languages translate from what is around one so it cannot become overly confusing to learn.
alphabet is the western standard today?
The Latin alphabet is shared by many Western langues such as English, Spanish Albanian,
Icelandic, German, French etc.
List the advantages and limitations of ideogrammatic codes ?
Ideogrammatic languages may be easier to lran and understand as they are each symbolic of a
certian object or action rather than having to be formed letter by letter, although they do not
translate wellto alphabetic languages. This is why in anicent Egypt to make it easier for scribes to
write in formal hieroglyphics in demotic beforehand anfdthen translated it rather than being
dictated.
List the advantages and limitations of alphabetic codes?
Alphabetic codes are more easily understanding in written from phonetic understanding, because of
this they are perfect for writing quickly and beng undertood more widely, directly. it is however
quite a task to memorise.
Which modern communication tools combine pictographic/ ideogrammatic/ alphabetic codes?
smart phones have texting featuresor instant messaging but writing complex paragraphs has become
a thing of the past.
Name at least one contemporary civilization, which uses an ideogrammatic, rather than an
alphabetic, written code.
The chinese language.
What is the difference between paper and papyrus
papyrus was invented in anicent Egypt using pith made from the interior of the stalk of the papyrus
plant.
Paper was made in China and was made using a chemical process which created pulp from woos
and grasses.
Name six (6) surfaces used for writing and painting before the advent of paper.
rock

Mikele Ray
wood
bamboo
papyrus
parchment
clay
Name and describe the tools used for writing on each surface
rock was usally petraformed or painted upon by early people
wood was carved or painted used for various artworks
bammboo was carverd similarly or inked with a paintbrush in china early history
papyrus was inked by scribes usually in egypt where it was invented
parchment was also used by scribes for various important books in Europe
clay was often cunieformed in countries such as Greece and Mesopotamia

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