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Database Dbms Rdbms Entity Attribute

The document discusses database concepts like entities, attributes, and normal forms. It describes different data types in SQL like character strings, numbers, dates, and binary data. It also summarizes the main categories of SQL like DDL for defining objects, DML for manipulating data, DQL for querying, and DCL for controlling access. The document provides an overview of fundamental database and SQL concepts.

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hhumas
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27 views

Database Dbms Rdbms Entity Attribute

The document discusses database concepts like entities, attributes, and normal forms. It describes different data types in SQL like character strings, numbers, dates, and binary data. It also summarizes the main categories of SQL like DDL for defining objects, DML for manipulating data, DQL for querying, and DCL for controlling access. The document provides an overview of fundamental database and SQL concepts.

Uploaded by

hhumas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database

DBMS
RDBMS
Entity
Attribute

Arrange the entity/attribute

CLEANING UP THE
ENTITY/ATTRIBUTE
SYNONYMS
Two Different Name
HOMONYMS
same name is used for two different name

REDUNDANT

INFORMATION

Information is stored in two different attributes


MUTUALY

EXCLUSIVE DATA

Some time attribute has values yes/no that


cannot be true for any single entry

FIRST

NORMAL FORM

1.Key 2. Single Value

SECOND

THIRD

NORMAL FORM

NORMAL FORM

RDBMS-

Leading World wide 50%

Market
Logical

Structures

Table Space, Schema Objects

Physical

Structures

Datafiles, Redo Log Files, Control File

INSTALLATION of ORACLE 10G DATABASE

It

is Structure Query Language


used to communicate the database
It is used to create, update,
modify, select the contents of
database
SQL was developed in the late
1970s in IBM laboratory.
Two standards organizations ANSI
and ISO promote SQL standards
and almost every databases use
the SQL.

Main and Subtype

Character String Data Types


Alpha-numeric values
1.CHAR stores fixed-length character strings.
The maximum length of CHAR is 32,767
bytes,
.
SYNTAX:
CHAR ( max_length )
Subtype: CHARACTER

2.VARCHAR2 stores variable-length


character strings. The maximum length of
VARCHAR2 is also 32,767 bytes.
SYNTAX:
VARCHAR2 ( max_length )
Subtypes: VARCHAR, STRING
3.LONG also stores variable-length
character strings, having a maximum length
of 32,760 bytes. LONG is typically used to
store lengthy text such as remarks, although
VARCHAR2 may be used as well.

Numeric Data Types

NUMBER stores any type of number in an


Oracle database.
SYNTAX:
NUMBER ( max_length )
NUMBER (precision, scale)
Subtypes: DEC, DECIMAL, DOUBLE PRECISION,
INTEGER, INT, NUMERIC, REAL, SMALLINT,
FLOAT.

Binary

Data Types

Binary data types store data that is in a


binary format, such as graphics or
photographs. These data types include
RAW and LONGRAW.
The

DATE Data Type

BOOLEAN stores the following values:


TRUE, FALSE, and NULL. Like DATE,
BOOLEAN requires no parameters
ROWID is a pseudo column that exists in
every table to identifies each row in a table.
Indexes use ROWIDs as pointers to data.

The main categories are


DDL (Data Definition Language)
DML(Data Manipulation
Language)
DQL (Data Query Language)
DCL (Data Control Language)
Data administration commands
Transactional control commands

allows a database user to create and


restructure database objects. The
main DDL commands are:
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
DROP TABLE
CREATE INDEX
ALTER INDEX
DROP INDEX

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