import java.io.

BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
/**
* Class for use in AQA COMP1 exams for students using Java.
*
* write and writeLine are the exact equivalents of print and println.
*
* readChar and readByte use readLine and just take the first character
* entered, which is converted into a char or a byte.
*
* readInteger uses readLine and converts the line into an integer. If this is
* not possible then Integer.MIN_VALUE is returned as an indicator that it
* has failed, an error message is also printed to the console.
*/
public class AQAConsole {
public AQAConsole() {
}// end of constructor AQAConsole
//returns the first character of a line typed in.
/**
* Read a char from the console. There is no prompt.
* @return the first char, after return key is pressed, from the console.
*/
public char readChar() {
return readChar("");
} // end method readChar
/**
* Read a char from the console. There is a string prompt.
* @return the first char, after return key is pressed, from the console.
*/
public char readChar(String prompt) {
return readLine(prompt).charAt(0);
} // end method readChar
/**
* Read a byte from the console. There is no prompt.
* @return the first byte, after return key is pressed, from the console.
*/
public byte readByte() {
return readByte("");
} // end method readByte
/**
* Read a byte from the console. There is a string prompt.
* @return the first byte, after return key is pressed, from the console.
*/
public byte readByte(String prompt) {
try {
return Byte.parseByte(readLine(prompt).substring(0, 1));
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
println(nfe.toString() + "Parsing a Byte");
} catch (Exception e) {
println("another exception" + e.toString());
} // end try/catch

return -1;
} // end method readByte
/**
*
* @return the line entered from the console as a string
*/
public String readLine() {
return readLine("");
} // end method readLine with no parameter
/**
* The parameter prompt is output to the console and the response, ended
* with the return key, is returned.
* If there is an exception then a message is written to the console and
* an empty string is returned.
* @param prompt the string to be output on the console
* @return
the response as a string
*/
public String readLine(String prompt) {
String input = "";
print(prompt);
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
try {
input = br.readLine();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
println("IO Error reading from command line.");
} // end try/catch
return input;
} // end method readLine
/**
* The parameter is output to the console and the response is converted
* to an integer and returned
* @param prompt
the output to the console
* @return
the response is converted to an integer before it
*
is returned. If there is an error then the minimum
*
value an int can have is returned.
*/
public int readInteger(String prompt) {
try {
return (int) Integer.parseInt(readLine(prompt));
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
println("Not an integer entered.");
} // end try/catch
return Integer.MIN_VALUE;
} // end method readInteger
/**
* The parameter is printed to the console
* @param o the object to be printed to the console.
*/
public void print(Object o) {

String output = String.valueOf(o);

System.out.print(output);
} // end method print
/**
* A new line character is output to the console.
*/
public void println() {
println("");
} // end method println with no parameter
/**
* The parameter is printed to the console followed by a new line character
* @param o the object to be printed to the console.
*/
public void println(Object o) {
String output = String.valueOf(o);
System.out.println(output);
} // end method println
/**
* The parameter is printed to the console
* @param o the object to be printed to the console.
*/
public void write(Object o) {
print(o);
} // end method write
/**
* A new line character is output to the console.
*/
public void writeLine() {
println();
} // end method writeLine with no parameter
/**
* The parameter is printed to the console followed by a new line character
* @param o the object to be printed to the console.
*/
public void writeLine(Object o) {
println(o);
} // end method writeLine
/**
* printf is used to output args in the format given.
* See public PrintStream printf(...)
* @param format the format for the output
* @param args
*/public void printf(String format, Object args) {
System.out.printf(format, args);
} // end method printf
} // end class AQAConsole