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Toxicology Terms, Abbreviations, and Equivalents: Appendix

This document provides conversions between various units of measurement used in toxicology. It lists equivalents for parts per million (ppm) and parts per billion (ppb) in terms of percentages. It also provides conversions between units of length, area, weight, volume, fluid, dry volume, energy, and blood levels.

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William Thompson
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241 views2 pages

Toxicology Terms, Abbreviations, and Equivalents: Appendix

This document provides conversions between various units of measurement used in toxicology. It lists equivalents for parts per million (ppm) and parts per billion (ppb) in terms of percentages. It also provides conversions between units of length, area, weight, volume, fluid, dry volume, energy, and blood levels.

Uploaded by

William Thompson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Appendix

Toxicology Terms,
Abbreviations, and
Equivalents

TERMS

LENGTH

ppm = parts per million = 1/1,000,000


ppb = parts per billion = 1/1,000,000,000
mg% = milligrams/100 ml = mg/dl
mEq/l = milliequivalents/liter
mg/l = milligrams/liter
g/100ml = micrograms/100 milliliters
g/kg = micrograms/kilograms
mg/kg = milligrams/kilogram

1 cm = 0.3937 in
1 meter = 39.37 ft
1 micron = 1 106 meters
1 micron = 1 103 = 0.001 millimeters
1 angstrom = 1 105 = 0.00001 microns

EQUIVALENTS
1 ppm = 1 mg/kg = 1 mg/1,000,000 mg = 0.91 g/ton, =
0.0001%
Calculation: 1/1,000,000 = 0.000001. Then, 100 =
0.0001%
0.001 ppm = 1 ppb = 0.0000001%
0.01 ppm = 10ppb = 0.000001%
0.1 ppm = 100 ppb = 0.00001%
1.0 ppm = 0.0001%
10 ppm = 0.001%
100 ppm = 0.01%
1000 ppm = 0.1%
10,000 ppm = 1.0%
To convert ppm to percentage, move the decimal
point four places to the left. To convert percentage to
ppm, move the decimal point four places to the right.

AREA
1 acre = 43,560 square feet
1 acre = 4,047 square meters
1 hectare = 2.471 acres
1 hectare = 10,000 square meters
1 square mile = 1 section = 640 acres

WEIGHT
1 grain = 64.8 milligrams
1 ounce = 28.35 grams
1 pound = 454 grams
1 ton = 2000 pounds
1 ton = 907.18 kilograms
1 metric ton = 1000 kilograms
1 metric ton = 2204.6 pounds
1 gram = 15.43 grains
1 kilogram = 2.205 pounds
1 microgram (mcg, g) = 0.000,001 gram
1 nanogram (ng) = 0.000,000,001 gram
1 picogram (pg) = 0.000,000,000,001 gram

1 mg/g = 1 milligram/gram = 1000 ppm


1 mg/100 g = 10 ppm
1 g/kg = 1,000,000,000 g
1 g/1,000,000 mg = 1 g/1000 grams = 1 g/kg
1 g/g = 1 microgram /gram = 1 ppm
1 g/ml = 1 microgram/ milliliter = 1 ppm

497

498

APPENDIX 4

VOLUME, FLUID

MISCELLANEOUS

1 ounce = 29.57 milliliters


1 quart = 0.946 liters
1 U.S. gallon = 3.785 liters
1 gallon water = 8.345 pounds
1 cubic foot = 28.32 liters
1 acre-foot = 3.259 105 gallons
1 liter = 1.057 quarts
1 liter = 0.264 gallons
1 liter = 61.03 cubic inches
1 liter = 1000 milliliters
1 teaspoon = 5 milliliters
1 tablespoon = 15 milliliters

Energy

VOLUME, DRY
1 bushel = 8 gallons
1 bushel = 4 pecks
1 bushel = 1.24 cubic feet
1 cubic foot 28.316 liters
1 cubic foot = 25.714 quarts
1 quart = 1.101 liters
1 cubic meter = 35.314 cubic feet
1 cubic inch = 16.387 milliliters

1 calorie = 4.184 joules


1 kcal = 1000 small calories or 4184 joules
1 joule = 0.239 calorie
1 calorie = 1000 calories = 0.003968 BTU (British
thermal units)
1BTU = 252 calories (gram) (at 15C)

Blood Levels
g% = g/dl = grams/100 milliliters
1 Kat/l (SI units) = 60 U/l (units per liter, conventional
units)
1 mol/l = 1 micromol/liter (SI units)
1 mmol/l = 1 millimol/liter (SI units)

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