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Transportation Engineering Ii: Resilient Behavior of Unbound Granular Material

This document discusses the resilient behavior of unbound granular materials used in pavement structures. It states that the resilient modulus is the most suitable parameter for characterizing the mechanical response of these materials, and that it is influenced by deviator stress, confining pressure, dry density, and moisture content. The document provides definitions for important terms related to resilient modulus such as deviator stress, confining pressure, major principle stress, and mean normal stress. It explains that the resilient modulus closely simulates in-situ conditions of traffic and environmental loading on pavements. The document concludes by describing how resilient modulus is measured through repeated tri-axial load tests and how the repeated load tri-axial apparatus simulates traffic loads.

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kKhalid Yousaf
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33 views

Transportation Engineering Ii: Resilient Behavior of Unbound Granular Material

This document discusses the resilient behavior of unbound granular materials used in pavement structures. It states that the resilient modulus is the most suitable parameter for characterizing the mechanical response of these materials, and that it is influenced by deviator stress, confining pressure, dry density, and moisture content. The document provides definitions for important terms related to resilient modulus such as deviator stress, confining pressure, major principle stress, and mean normal stress. It explains that the resilient modulus closely simulates in-situ conditions of traffic and environmental loading on pavements. The document concludes by describing how resilient modulus is measured through repeated tri-axial load tests and how the repeated load tri-axial apparatus simulates traffic loads.

Uploaded by

kKhalid Yousaf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TRANSPORTATION

ENGINEERING II
Resilient Behavior of Unbound
Granular Material

Proper characterization of the


mechanical response of unbound
aggregate materials is a crucial factor
in the
design and
rehabilitation of pavement structures.

Among the many parameters that


exist today for characterization, the
resilient modulus appears to be the
most suitable.

Due to the non-linear behavior of


granular materials, their resilient
moduli appear to be influenced by
several factors. Some of them are
Deviator stress
Confining Pressure
Soil Dry Density
Soil Moisture Content

(1) Deviator Stress

(3 & 3) Confining Pressure

Major Principle Stress


Major Principle Stress = 1
1 = c + a

Where
c = Confining Pressure
a = Axial Stress

Deviator Stress
Deviator Stress = q
q = 1- c

Where
a = q , i.e.,
Axial Stress is equal to the deviator
stress.

Mean Normal Stress


Mean Normal Stress = P
P = (1+ 2+ 3) / 3

Where
3 = c
Put 2= 3
P=(1+ 23) / 3

The new 2002 AASHTO Guide for


Pavement Design advocates the use
of the resilient modulus parameter for
the characterization of granular
materials used as base and sub-base
layers in flexible pavements.
This mechanistic parameter is known
to be influenced by the material
physical conditions and the state of
stress the material is subjected to.

The resilient modulus is a key


element in the design and
rehabilitation of pavement structures.
It was introduced by the American
Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in
the design of pavements in 1986.
It closely simulates the in-situ
conditions in terms of traffic and
environmental loading.

Suitability of resilient modulus is due


to the ability to closely simulate the
material in-situ conditions under
traffic loading.
The resilient modulus, Mr, is a
mechanical property of the material
that describes its stress strain
relationship under dynamic loading
and specified physical conditions.

In repeated tri-axial load tests, Mr, is


defined as the ratio of the peak cyclic
deviator stress to the recoverable
measured axial strain as given in
equation below.
M r = d / r

Under cyclic loading, unbound


granular materials exhibit
elastoplastic behavior, characterized
by increases in stiffness and
permanent deformation with load
repetitions.
The repeated load tri-axial apparatus
was developed in order to investigate
the mechanical behavior of unbound
pavement materials.

The apparatus aims to simulate traffic


loads by subjecting a cylindrical
specimen to repeated cyclic stresses.

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