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Methods of Group Decision Making

1. The document discusses several methods of group decision making including brainstorming, nominal technique, Delphi technique, and electronic brainstorming. 2. Brainstorming involves two stages - an evaluation-free greenlight stage where ideas are generated, and a redlight stage where ideas are evaluated. It follows four basic rules: be expressive, postpone evaluation, seek quantity, and piggyback ideas. 3. The Delphi technique uses several waves of questionnaires to solicit expert opinions and derive consensus among experts anonymously.

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Amiya Arnav
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71 views10 pages

Methods of Group Decision Making

1. The document discusses several methods of group decision making including brainstorming, nominal technique, Delphi technique, and electronic brainstorming. 2. Brainstorming involves two stages - an evaluation-free greenlight stage where ideas are generated, and a redlight stage where ideas are evaluated. It follows four basic rules: be expressive, postpone evaluation, seek quantity, and piggyback ideas. 3. The Delphi technique uses several waves of questionnaires to solicit expert opinions and derive consensus among experts anonymously.

Uploaded by

Amiya Arnav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Group Decision

Making
1. Brain Storming
2. Nominal Technique
3. Delphi Technique
(Use of expert inputs)
4. Electronic Brainstorming (EBS)

Brainstorming
Origin
During war periods, psychologists advanced
the concept of brainstorming to generate
creative solutions
Consists of 2 stages :
Greenlight stage: Evaluation-free
atmosphere
Redlight stage: Subsequent evaluation
Later formalization by Alex Osborn (1957)
An Advertising Executive

Four basic rules


1. Be expressive
2. Postpone evaluation
3. Seek quantity
4. Piggyback ideas
Conducted in group, hence
participants can draw from one
another; can revise

Barriers
1. Combination and cognitive losses
(forgetting in course of waiting)
2. Evaluation apprehension
3. Social comparison
4. Often overestimate their own
contribution
(Study report an average of 36% of
ideas; inreality 25%)

Improving Brainstorming
1. Stick to rules
2. Pay attention to everyones ideas
3. Mix individual and group approach
4. Take break
5. Do not rush
6. Persistence

Alternative to
Brainstorming
Approach: Include creativity - building
techniques
1.Break up into buzz groups (small subgroups)
2.Stepladder technique
(new member speak first; listen after)
3.Synetics (use of analogies, metaphors,
similes)
4.TRIZ (used in science and engineering;
sequence of problem solving resource
view goal setting, review of prior research)

Nominal Technique
(Nominee Group Technique
NGT)

Steps
1. Leader introduces a task
2. Member sharing the idea sit in round
robin
manner)
3. Group discusses each idea
4. Members evaluate solution (assign
marks)

Leader collects cards and informs group


outcome
If the group so desires, they may rediscuss
(Step 5) and re-vote (Step 6)

Delphi Technique
Root: Delphic Oracle
Features
* Used when expert opinions are needed
* Coordinator of group decision uses
several
waves of Questionnaire to solicit expert
opinion
* Consensus is derived through several
waves
of questionnaires

Electronic Brainstorming
(EBS)
Use of software design called group
decision support system or group work
Group System opens several windows on
each group members computer
1. One window for entering ideas
2. another window displays all ideas
3. shows a counter that tracks how
many
ideas have been entered

Contd.
Advantage
1. No waiting hence no production blocking
2. Less evaluation apprehension
3. Greater persistence
Disadvantages
1. Can overwhelm group members with a flood of
information
2. Members become so focussed on generating
ideas that they forget or do not pay
attention to
others ideas
Conclusion Yet it is good

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