Scribd
Upload
83 views9 pages

AI FuzzyRelations

The document discusses fuzzy relations and operations on fuzzy relations. It defines the Cartesian product of fuzzy sets as the minimum of the membership grades. Fuzzy relations are mappings between elements of two universes through their Cartesian product, with a membership function representing the strength of association. Operations like union, intersection and complement extend to fuzzy relations. Composition of fuzzy relations combines relations on different product spaces to determine a new relation. Examples demonstrate representing relations as matrices and calculating their composition.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Kumar Vatsa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views9 pages

AI FuzzyRelations

The document discusses fuzzy relations and operations on fuzzy relations. It defines the Cartesian product of fuzzy sets as the minimum of the membership grades. Fuzzy relations are mappings between elements of two universes through their Cartesian product, with a membership function representing the strength of association. Operations like union, intersection and complement extend to fuzzy relations. Composition of fuzzy relations combines relations on different product spaces to determine a new relation. Examples demonstrate representing relations as matrices and calculating their composition.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Kumar Vatsa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Fuzzy Relations

Fuzzy Relations
Cartesian Product
Let A1, A2, .., An be fuzzy sets in U1, U2, Un, respectively.

The Cartesian product of A1, A2, .., An is a fuzzy set in the


space U1 x U2 xx Un with the membership function as:
A1 x A2 xx An (x1, x2,, xn) = min [A1 (x1), A2 (x2), . An (xn)]
So, the Cartesian product of A1, A2, .., An are donated by A1 x

A2 x.. x An
2

Fuzzy Relations
Cartesian Product: Example
Let A = {(3, 0.5), (5, 1), (7, 0.6)}
Let B = {(3, 1), (5, 0.6)}
Find the product
The product is all set of pairs from A and B with the minimum

associated memberships
Ax B = {[(3, 3), min (0.5, 1)], [(5, 3), min(1, 1)], [(7, 3),

min(0.6, 1)], [(3, 5), min(0.5, 0.6)], [(5, 5), min(1, 0.6)], [(7,
5), min(0.6, 0.6)]}
= {[(3, 3), 0.5], [(5, 3), 1], [(7, 3), 0.6], [(3, 5), 0.5], [(5, 5),
3

0.6], [(7, 5), 0.6]}

Fuzzy Relations
Crisp Relations
The relation between any two sets is the Cartesian product of

the elements of A1 x A2 x.. x An


For X and Y universes X Y = {(x, y)|x X, y Y}

x y (x, y) =

1,

(x, y) X Y

0,

(x, y) X Y

This relation can be represented in a matrix format


4

Fuzzy Relations
Crisp Relations: Example
Universe X = {1, 2, 3}
Universe Y = {a, b, c}

1 1

3 1

R =2

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy relations are mapping elements of one universe,

to those of another universe, Y, through the Cartesian


product of two universes. X, Universe X = {1, 2, 3}
R (X, Y)= {[(x, y) , R (x, y)]\ (x, y) (X Y)}
Where the fuzzy relation R has membership function
R (x, y) = A X B (x, y) = min (A (x), B (y))
6

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations
It represents the strength of association between

elements of the two sets


Ex: R = x is considerably larger than y
R (X, Y)= Relation between sets X and Y
R (x, y) = memebership function for the relation R (X, Y)
R (X, Y) = {R (x, y) / (x, y) \ (x, y) (X Y)}
7

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations

R(x, y) =

for x y

{x y)/(10-y),

for y < x 11y

fro x > 11y

1
R (x, y)

x<y

x > 11y
8

Fuzzy Relations
Operations on Fuzzy Relations
Since the fuzzy relation from X to Y is a fuzzy set in X Y,

then the operations on fuzzy sets can be extended to


fuzzy relations. Let R and S be fuzzy relations on the
Cartesian space X Y then:
Union: R U S (x, y)

= max [R (x, y), S (x, y)]

Intersection: R S (x, y) = min [R (x, y), S (x, y)]


Complement: R (x, y)

= 1 - R (x, y)
9

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations: Example
Assume two Universes: A = {3, 4, 5} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

R (x, y) =

(y-x)/(y+x+2)

if y > x

0,

if y x

This can be expressed as follow:

3 0

0.11

0.2

0.27

0.33

R =4

0.09

0.17

0.23

0.08

0.14

10

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations: Example
3 0

0.11

0.2

0.27

0.33

R =4

0.09

0.17

0.23

0.08

0.14

This matrix represents the membership grades between

elements in X and Y
R (x, y) = {[0/(3, 3)], [0.11/(3, 4)], [0.2/(3, 5)],

.., [0.14/(5, 7)]}


11

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations: Example
Assume two fuzzy sets:

A = {0.2/x1+ 0.5/x2+ 1/x3}


B = {0.3/y1+ 0.9/y2}

Find the fuzzy relation (the Cartesian product)

A B = R =

x1

0.2

0.2

x2

0.3

0.5

x3

0.3

0.9

y1

y2
12

Fuzzy Relations
Fuzzy Relations: Example
Consider the fuzzy relation. Express R using the resolution

principle
R=

0.4
0.9
0
0.3

0.5
0.5
0
0.9

0
0
0.3
0.4

R = 0.3 R0.3 + 0.4 R0.4 + 0.5 R0.5 + 0.9 R0.9


1 1
=0.3 1 1
0 0
1 1

0
0
1
1

+ 0.4

1 1 0
1 1 0 + 0.5
0 0 0
0 1 1

0 1 0
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 1 0

0 0 0
+ 0.9 1 0 0
0 0 0
0 1 0
13

Fuzzy Relations
Composition of Fuzzy Relations
Composition of fuzzy relations used to combine

fuzzy relations on different product spaces


Having a fuzzy relation; R (X Y) and S (Y Z),

then Composition is used to determine a relation


T (X Z ),
14

Fuzzy Relations
Composition of Fuzzy Relations
Consider two fuzzy relation; R (X Y) and S (Y Z), then a

relation T (X Z ), can be expressed as (max-min composition)


T=RoS
T (x, z) = max-min [R (x, y), S (y, z)]
= V [R (x, y) ^ S (y, z)]
If algebraic product is adopted, then max-product composition

is adopted:
T=RoS
T (x, z) = max [R (x, y) . S (y, z)]
= V [R (x, y) . S (y, z)]
15

Fuzzy Relations
Composition of Fuzzy Relations
The max-min composition can be interpreted as indicating the

strength of the existence of relation between the elements of X


and Z
Calculations of (R o S) is almost similar to matrix multiplication
Fuzzy relations composition have the same properties of:

Distributivity: R o (S U T) = (R o S) U (R o T)
Associativity: R o (S o T) = (R o S) o T
16

Fuzzy Relations
Composition of Fuzzy Relations: Example
Assume the following universes: X = {x1, x2}, Y = {y1, y2}, and

Z = {z1, z2 , z3}, with the following fuzzy relations.

R=

x1

0.7

0.5

y1 0.9

0.6

0.2

x2

0.8

0.4

and S = y2 0.1

0.7

0.5

y1

y2

z2

z3

z1

Find the fuzzy relation between X and Z using the max-min and

max-product composition
17

Fuzzy Relations
Composition of Fuzzy Relations: Example
By max-min composition

T (x1, z1) = max [min (0.7, 0.9), min (0.5, 0.1)] = 0.7
x1 0.7

0.6

0.5

T = x2 0.8

0.6

0.4

z2

z3

z1

By max-product composition

T (x2, z2) = max [(0.8, 0.6), (0.4, 0.7)] = 0.48


x1 0.63

0.42

0.25

T = x2 0.72

0.48

0.20

z2

z3

z1

18

You might also like