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Control Valves Basics

This document discusses control valves, which open or close in response to signals from controllers to control conditions like flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level. It describes the main types of control valves as rotary or linear motion valves, and the typical parts of a control valve as the actuator, positioner, and body. It provides details on common types of actuators based on their power source (pneumatic, electric, hydraulic) and movement (multi-turn, part-turn, linear). The positioner helps improve control by accurately positioning the actuator in response to a control signal. Finally, it briefly discusses different flow characteristics of control valves.

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Syed Waqas Haider
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332 views14 pages

Control Valves Basics

This document discusses control valves, which open or close in response to signals from controllers to control conditions like flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level. It describes the main types of control valves as rotary or linear motion valves, and the typical parts of a control valve as the actuator, positioner, and body. It provides details on common types of actuators based on their power source (pneumatic, electric, hydraulic) and movement (multi-turn, part-turn, linear). The positioner helps improve control by accurately positioning the actuator in response to a control signal. Finally, it briefly discusses different flow characteristics of control valves.

Uploaded by

Syed Waqas Haider
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Control Valves

Presented by:
Syed Waqas Haider
Process Engineer

Definition
Control Valves

control conditions
level )

(flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid

open or close in response to signals received


from controllers
Controller compare a "setpoint" to a "process
variable" (value provided by sensors)

Types
Control
Valves
Rotary
Motion
Butterfly
valves

Ball
vales

Linear
Motion
Plug
valves

Globe
Valves
3

Control Valves Par


ts
Three main parts
Valve's actuator
Valve's positioner
Valve's body

Actuator

The purpose of the valve actuator is to


accurately locate the valve plug in a position
dictated by the control signal

Types of Actuators
according to their supply

Pneumatic Valve Actuators: Adjust the position of the


valve by converting air pressure into rotary motion or
linear motion. Piston and Diaphragm Actuators are
examples of Pneumatic Actuators
Electric Valve Actuators: An electric actuator is
powered by motor that converts electrical energy to
mechanical torque
Hydraulic actuator: Consists of a cylinder or fluid
motor that uses hydraulic power to facilitate
mechanical operation. The mechanical motion gives
an output in terms of linear, rotary or oscillatory
motion
6

Types of Actuators
according to their movement

Multi-turn actuator
gives torque for at least one full revolution
Part-turn actuator
gives torque for less than one full revolution
Linear actuator
opens and closes valves that can be operated
via linear force--sometimes called rising stem
valves

Positioner
Positioners are instruments that help improve
control by accurately positioning a control valve
actuator in response to a control signal
Positioners receive an input signal either
pneumatically or electronically and provide
output power to an actuator

Positioner Working
Some of the mechanisms
i. Force Balance Positioners
ii. Motion balance Positioners
iii. Electronic Positioners

Force Balance Positioners

10

Motion balance Positioners

11

Electronic Positioners
Sensor to detect valve position
Micro-Processor

Error = Position - Signal

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Valve Bodies

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Flow characteristics of Control valves


Quick Opening: Quick open
plugs are used for on-off
applications designed to
produce maximum flow
quickly
Linear: produces equal
changes in flow per unit of
valve stroke regardless of
plug position, used where
valve pressure drop is a major
portion of the total system
pressure drop
Equal Percentage: change
in flow per unit of valve stroke

14

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