News Release: Gross Domestic Product: Fourth Quarter 2009 (Advance Estimate)

NEWS RELEASE
EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 A.M. EST, FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 2010
Lisa S. Mataloni: (202) 606-5304 BEA 10-02

Recorded message: (202) 606-5306
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: FOURTH QUARTER 2009 (ADVANCE ESTIMATE)
Real gross domestic product -- the output of goods and services produced by labor and property
located in the United States -- increased at an annual rate of 5.7 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009,
(that is, from the third quarter to the fourth quarter), according to the "advance" estimate released by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis. In the third quarter, real GDP increased 2.2 percent.
The Bureau emphasized that the fourth-quarter advance estimate released today is based on
source data that are incomplete or subject to further revision by the source agency (see the box on page
4). The "second" estimate for the fourth quarter, based on more complete data, will be released on
February 26, 2010.
The increase in real GDP in the fourth quarter primarily reflected positive contributions from
private inventory investment, exports, and personal consumption expenditures (PCE). Imports, which
are a subtraction in the calculation of GDP, increased.
The acceleration in real GDP in the fourth quarter primarily reflected an acceleration in private
inventory investment, a deceleration in imports, and an upturn in nonresidential fixed investment that
were partly offset by decelerations in federal government spending and in PCE.
Motor vehicle output added 0.61 percentage point to the fourth-quarter change in real GDP after
adding 1.45 percentage points to the third-quarter change. Final sales of computers subtracted 0.03
percentage point from the fourth-quarter change in real GDP after subtracting 0.08 percentage point
from the third-quarter change.
NOTE.--Quarterly estimates are expressed at seasonally adjusted annual rates, unless otherwise
specified. Quarter-to-quarter dollar changes are differences between these published estimates. Percent
changes are calculated from unrounded data and are annualized. “Real” estimates are in chained (2005)
dollars. Price indexes are chain-type measures.
This news release is available on BEA’s Web site along with the Technical Note and Highlights
related to this release.
- more -
-2-
The price index for gross domestic purchases, which measures prices paid by U.S. residents,
increased 2.1 percent in the fourth quarter, compared with an increase of 1.3 percent in the third.
Excluding food and energy prices, the price index for gross domestic purchases increased 1.2 percent in
the fourth quarter, compared with an increase of 0.3 percent in the third.
Real personal consumption expenditures increased 2.0 percent in the fourth quarter, compared
with an increase of 2.8 percent in the third. Durable goods decreased 0.9 percent, in contrast to an
increase of 20.4 percent. Nondurable goods increased 4.3 percent, compared with an increase of 1.5
percent. Services increased 1.7 percent, compared with an increase of 0.8 percent.
Real nonresidential fixed investment increased 2.9 percent in the fourth quarter, in contrast to a
decrease of 5.9 percent in the third. Nonresidential structures decreased 15.4 percent, compared with a
decrease of 18.4 percent. Equipment and software increased 13.3 percent, compared with an increase of
1.5 percent. Real residential fixed investment increased 5.7 percent, compared with an increase of 18.9
percent.
Real exports of goods and services increased 18.1 percent in the fourth quarter, compared with
an increase of 17.8 percent in the third. Real imports of goods and services increased 10.5 percent,
compared with an increase of 21.3 percent.
Real federal government consumption expenditures and gross investment increased 0.1 percent
in the fourth quarter, compared with an increase of 8.0 percent in the third. National defense decreased
3.5 percent, in contrast to an increase of 8.4 percent. Nondefense increased 8.1 percent, compared with
an increase of 7.0 percent. Real state and local government consumption expenditures and gross
investment decreased 0.3 percent, compared with a decrease of 0.6 percent.
The change in real private inventories added 3.39 percentage points to the fourth-quarter change
in real GDP after adding 0.69 percentage point to the third-quarter change. Private businesses decreased
inventories $33.5 billion in the fourth quarter, following decreases of $139.2 billion in the third quarter
and $160.2 billion in the second.
Real final sales of domestic product -- GDP less change in private inventories -- increased 2.2
percent in the fourth quarter, compared with an increase of 1.5 percent in the third.
Gross domestic purchases
Real gross domestic purchases -- purchases by U.S. residents of goods and services wherever
produced -- increased 5.1 percent in the fourth quarter, compared with an increase of 3.0 percent in the
third.
Disposition of personal income
Current-dollar personal income increased $119.2 billion (4.0 percent) in the fourth quarter,
compared with an increase of $35.1 billion (1.2 percent) in the third.
Personal current taxes decreased $11.7 billion in the fourth quarter, in contrast to an increase of
$3.5 billion in the third.
- more -
-3-
Disposable personal income increased $130.8 billion (4.8 percent) in the fourth quarter,
compared with an increase of $31.6 billion (1.2 percent) in the third. Real disposable personal income
increased 2.1 percent, in contrast to a decrease of 1.4 percent.
Personal outlays increased $109.0 billion (4.2 percent) in the fourth quarter, compared with an
increase of $132.3 billion (5.2 percent) in the third. Personal saving -- disposable personal income less
personal outlays -- was $516.9 billion in the fourth quarter, compared with $495.0 billion in the third.
The personal saving rate -- saving as a percentage of disposable personal income -- was 4.6 percent in
the fourth quarter, compared with 4.5 percent in the third. For a comparison of personal saving in
BEA’s national income and product accounts with personal saving in the Federal Reserve Board’s flow
of funds accounts and data on changes in net worth, go to http://www.bea.gov/national/nipaweb/Nipa-
Frb.asp.
Current-dollar GDP
Current-dollar GDP -- the market value of the nation's output of goods and services -- increased
6.4 percent, or $221.3 billion, in the fourth quarter to a level of $14,463.4 billion. In the third quarter,
current-dollar GDP increased 2.6 percent, or $90.9 billion.
2009 GDP
Real GDP decreased 2.4 percent in 2009 (that is, from the 2008 annual level to the 2009 annual
level), in contrast to an increase of 0.4 percent in 2008.
The decrease in real GDP in 2009 primarily reflected negative contributions from nonresidential
fixed investment, exports, private inventory investment, residential fixed investment, and personal
consumption expenditures (PCE), that were partly offset by positive contributions from federal
government spending. Imports, which are a subtraction in the calculation of GDP, decreased.
The downturn in real GDP primarily reflected downturns in nonresidential fixed investment and
in exports and a larger decrease in private inventory investment that were partly offset by a larger
decrease in imports and a smaller decrease in residential fixed investment.
The price index for gross domestic purchases increased 0.1 percent in 2009, compared with an
increase of 3.2 percent in 2008.
Current-dollar GDP decreased 1.3 percent, or $182.7 billion, in 2009. Current-dollar GDP
increased 2.6 percent, or $363.8 billion, in 2008.
During 2009 (that is, measured from the fourth quarter of 2008 to the fourth quarter 2009), real
GDP increased 0.1 percent. Real GDP decreased 1.9 percent during 2008. The price index for gross
domestic purchases increased 0.6 percent during 2009, compared with an increase of 1.9 percent during
2008.
- more -
-4-
Information on the assumptions used for unavailable source data is provided in a technical note
that is posted with the news release on BEA's Web site. Within a few days after the release, a detailed
"Key Source Data and Assumptions" file is posted on the Web site. In the middle of each month, an
analysis of the current quarterly estimate of GDP and related series is made available on the Web site;
click on Survey of Current Business, "GDP and the Economy."
* * *
BEA's national, international, regional, and industry estimates; the Survey of Current Business;
and BEA news releases are available without charge on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov. By visiting the
site, you can also subscribe to receive free e-mail summaries of BEA releases and announcements.
* * *
Next release – February 26, 2010, at 8:30 A.M. EST for:

Gross Domestic Product: Fourth Quarter 2009 (Second Estimate)
Release dates in 2010
Gross Domestic Product
2009: IV and 2009 annual 2010: I 2010: II 2010: III
Advance…… January 29 April 30 July 30 October 29

Second…….. February 26 May 27 August 27 November 23
Third………. March 26 June 25 September 30 December 22
Corporate Profits
Preliminary... ……….. May 27 August 27 November 23

Revised……. March 26 June 25 September 30 December 22
- more -
-5-
Comparisons of Revisions to GDP
Quarterly estimates of GDP are released on the following schedule: the “advance” estimate, based on
source data that are incomplete or subject to further revision by the source agency, is released near the end of the
first month after the end of the quarter; as more detailed and more comprehensive data become available, the
“second” and “third” estimates are released near the end of the second and third months, respectively. The
“latest” estimate reflects the results of both annual and comprehensive revisions.
Annual revisions, which cover the quarters of the 3 most recent calendar years, are usually carried out
each summer and incorporate newly available major annual source data. Comprehensive (or benchmark)
revisions are carried out at about 5-year intervals and incorporate major periodic source data, as well as
improvements in concepts and methods that update the accounts to portray more accurately the evolving U.S.
economy.
The table below shows comparisons of the revisions between quarterly percent changes of current-dollar
and of real GDP for the different vintages of the estimates. From the advance estimate to the second estimate
(one month later), the average revision to real GDP without regard to sign is 0.5 percentage point, while from the
advance estimate to the third estimate (two months later), it is 0.6 percentage point. From the advance estimate to
the latest estimate, the average revision without regard to sign is 1.3 percentage points. The average revision
(with regard to sign) from the advance estimate to the latest estimate is 0.3 percentage point, which is larger than
the average revisions from the advance estimate to the second or to the third estimates. The larger average
revisions to the latest estimate reflect the fact that comprehensive revisions include major improvements, such as
the incorporation of BEA’s latest benchmark input-output accounts. The quarterly estimates correctly indicate the
direction of change of real GDP 98 percent of the time, correctly indicate whether GDP is accelerating or
decelerating 74 percent of the time, and correctly indicate whether real GDP growth is above, near, or below trend
growth more than three-fifths of the time.
Revisions Between Quarterly Percent Changes of GDP: Vintage Comparisons

[Annual rates]
Vintages Average Average without Standard deviation of

compared regard to sign revisions without regard
to sign
Current-dollar GDP
Advance to second..... 0.2 0.5 0.4

Advance to third................ .2 .7 .4
Second to third........... .0 .3 .2
Advance to latest............... .5 1.2 .9
Real GDP
Advance to second..... 0.1 0.5 0.4

Advance to third................ .1 .6 .4
Second to third........... .0 .3 .2
Advance to latest............... .3 1.3 1.0
NOTE.--These comparisons are based on the period from 1983 through 2006.
- more -
Table 1. Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Percent Change From Preceding Period
Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009
I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV
Gross domestic product (GDP) ................ 2.1 0.4 –2.4 5.4 1.4 0.1 3.0 1.2 3.2 3.6 2.1 –0.7 1.5 –2.7 –5.4 –6.4 –0.7 2.2 5.7
Personal consumption expenditures .................. 2.6 –0.2 –0.6 4.5 2.2 2.5 4.1 3.7 1.1 1.9 1.2 –0.6 0.1 –3.5 –3.1 0.6 –0.9 2.8 2.0
Goods.................................................................. 3.1 –2.1 –1.9 7.5 0.7 3.3 5.9 3.9 0.2 3.1 3.0 –5.1 –0.5 –7.7 –10.0 2.5 –3.1 7.2 2.6
Durable goods ................................................. 4.3 –4.5 –4.0 17.0 –1.0 4.5 5.6 5.5 2.1 5.2 5.5 –8.9 –5.7 –11.7 –20.3 3.9 –5.6 20.4 –0.9
Nondurable goods ........................................... 2.5 –0.8 –1.0 2.6 1.6 2.6 6.1 3.1 –0.8 2.1 1.8 –3.0 2.2 –5.6 –4.9 1.9 –1.9 1.5 4.3
Services............................................................... 2.4 0.7 0.1 2.9 3.0 2.1 3.1 3.6 1.6 1.3 0.3 1.8 0.4 –1.3 0.5 –0.3 0.2 0.8 1.7
Gross private domestic investment..................... –3.8 –7.3 –23.5 6.0 –0.6 –5.5 –10.9 –6.0 5.7 0.8 –7.7 –7.4 –10.4 –6.9 –24.2 –50.5 –23.7 5.0 39.3
Fixed investment.................................................. –2.1 –5.1 –18.4 9.5 –1.9 –5.0 –5.3 –2.6 3.6 –0.4 –4.2 –6.3 –2.7 –8.3 –20.2 –39.0 –12.5 –1.3 3.5
Nonresidential.................................................. 6.2 1.6 –17.9 18.0 7.3 4.4 2.3 4.2 11.4 9.6 6.7 1.9 1.4 –6.1 –19.5 –39.2 –9.6 –5.9 2.9
Structures..................................................... 14.9 10.3 –19.7 18.9 22.4 10.3 1.5 15.6 22.7 26.6 11.2 6.8 14.5 –0.1 –7.2 –43.6 –17.3 –18.4 –15.4
Equipment and software .............................. 2.6 –2.6 –16.9 17.8 2.1 2.2 2.8 –0.5 6.5 2.2 4.5 –0.5 –5.0 –9.4 –25.9 –36.4 –4.9 1.5 13.3
Residential ....................................................... –18.5 –22.9 –20.4 –4.2 –16.9 –21.2 –19.7 –16.2 –12.9 –22.4 –29.5 –28.2 –15.8 –15.9 –23.2 –38.2 –23.3 18.9 5.7
Change in private inventories .............................. .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ...........
Net exports of goods and services ..................... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ...........
Exports ................................................................ 8.7 5.4 –9.9 16.5 6.9 0.6 17.8 3.5 5.2 18.5 14.5 –0.1 12.1 –3.6 –19.5 –29.9 –4.1 17.8 18.1
Goods .............................................................. 7.4 5.9 –12.5 17.8 7.4 0.2 13.1 3.0 6.3 14.8 12.4 4.2 14.1 –1.8 –25.5 –36.9 –6.3 24.6 28.1
Services........................................................... 11.8 4.2 –4.2 13.6 5.6 1.5 29.1 4.7 2.8 27.2 19.2 –9.0 7.8 –7.7 –4.3 –13.6 0.1 5.6 0.0
Imports ................................................................ 2.0 –3.2 –14.2 7.8 4.5 4.9 –0.5 4.3 –0.5 3.7 –3.6 –2.5 –5.0 –2.2 –16.7 –36.4 –14.7 21.3 10.5
Goods .............................................................. 1.7 –3.9 –16.3 6.3 5.0 5.5 –2.3 5.0 –1.0 2.8 –3.8 –3.5 –4.6 –3.7 –19.6 –41.0 –16.5 25.1 14.5
Services........................................................... 3.5 0.7 –3.8 16.1 1.8 1.3 10.0 0.4 2.1 8.6 –2.9 3.0 –7.1 6.1 –0.9 –11.5 –7.5 7.0 –5.2
Government consumption expenditures and
gross investment ............................................... 1.7 3.1 1.9 4.1 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.0 4.4 3.9 1.6 2.6 3.6 4.8 1.2 –2.6 6.7 2.6 –0.2
Federal ................................................................ 1.3 7.7 5.2 11.9 –3.4 –0.4 1.1 –5.1 7.4 9.3 2.7 8.1 7.8 13.2 6.5 –4.3 11.4 8.0 0.1
National defense.............................................. 2.2 7.8 5.4 10.5 1.1 –1.9 8.5 –7.6 8.6 10.0 0.5 8.2 7.0 19.8 3.8 –5.1 14.0 8.4 –3.5
Nondefense ..................................................... –0.6 7.3 4.7 14.7 –11.6 2.9 –12.7 0.3 5.0 7.9 7.6 8.1 9.6 0.1 12.7 –2.5 6.1 7.0 8.1
State and local..................................................... 2.0 0.5 –0.1 –0.3 2.6 1.2 1.1 3.1 2.7 0.9 1.0 –0.5 1.2 0.1 –2.0 –1.5 3.9 –0.6 –0.3
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product........................... 2.5 0.8 –1.7 5.9 1.2 0.2 4.1 1.8 2.9 3.4 2.8 –0.5 2.7 –2.9 –4.7 –4.1 0.7 1.5 2.2
Gross domestic purchases.................................. 1.4 –0.7 –3.4 4.7 1.4 0.8 1.0 1.4 2.4 2.1 –0.2 –1.1 –0.9 –2.5 –5.5 –8.6 –2.3 3.0 5.1
Final sales to domestic purchasers ..................... 1.7 –0.4 –2.7 5.2 1.2 0.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9 0.4 –0.9 0.3 –2.7 –4.9 –6.4 –0.9 2.3 1.7
Gross national product (GNP) ............................. 2.4 0.6 .......... 5.4 1.3 –0.3 3.2 0.9 3.6 5.4 3.4 –1.1 0.2 –1.8 –6.7 –6.6 –1.0 3.0 ...........
Disposable personal income ............................... 2.2 0.5 1.3 7.7 3.6 1.9 5.3 1.7 0.5 1.7 0.1 –2.4 9.8 –8.5 3.4 0.2 6.2 –1.4 2.1
Current-dollar measures:
GDP ................................................................. 5.1 2.6 –1.3 8.6 5.1 3.2 4.8 5.5 6.0 5.3 4.5 1.0 3.5 1.4 –5.4 –4.6 –0.8 2.6 6.4
Final sales of domestic product ....................... 5.4 3.0 –0.6 9.2 4.9 3.3 6.0 6.1 5.7 5.1 5.2 1.5 4.7 1.0 –5.2 –2.4 0.6 2.0 2.9
Gross domestic purchases .............................. 4.4 2.4 –3.3 7.6 5.0 3.7 1.9 5.7 5.5 4.3 4.4 2.1 3.2 1.8 –9.2 –9.8 –1.8 4.3 7.3
Final sales to domestic purchasers ................. 4.7 2.8 –2.7 8.2 4.8 3.8 3.0 6.3 5.2 4.1 5.0 2.6 4.3 1.5 –9.0 –7.7 –0.5 3.7 3.9
GNP ................................................................. 5.4 2.7 .......... 8.6 4.9 2.8 5.1 5.3 6.3 7.1 5.8 0.6 2.3 2.2 –6.7 –4.8 –1.0 3.4 ...........
Disposable personal income............................ 4.9 3.9 1.5 9.5 6.7 4.9 5.3 5.5 3.7 4.1 5.2 1.2 14.1 –4.2 –1.8 –1.2 7.7 1.2 4.8
See “Explanatory Note” at the end of the tables.

Table 2. Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product
2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009
Percent change at annual rate:

Gross domestic product ............................... 2.1 0.4 –2.4 5.4 1.4 0.1 3.0 1.2 3.2 3.6 2.1 –0.7 1.5 –2.7 –5.4 –6.4 –0.7 2.2 5.7
Percentage points at annual rates:
Personal consumption expenditures .................. 1.84 –0.17 –0.40 3.08 1.48 1.70 2.79 2.54 0.81 1.35 0.86 –0.39 0.06 –2.49 –2.15 0.44 –0.62 1.96 1.44
Goods ................................................................. 0.75 –0.50 –0.46 1.76 0.15 0.78 1.39 0.93 0.05 0.75 0.71 –1.24 –0.12 –1.89 –2.41 0.56 –0.71 1.59 0.61
Durable goods ................................................. 0.36 –0.36 –0.30 1.35 –0.09 0.37 0.46 0.45 0.18 0.42 0.44 –0.75 –0.46 –0.95 –1.64 0.28 –0.41 1.36 –0.06
Motor vehicles and parts.............................. 0.04 –0.38 –0.21 0.46 0.00 0.21 –0.02 0.08 0.05 –0.10 0.06 –0.50 –0.63 –0.64 –0.84 0.14 –0.14 0.81 –0.57
Furnishings and durable household
equipment ................................................ 0.04 –0.06 –0.11 0.22 –0.09 0.04 0.04 0.15 –0.08 0.07 0.06 –0.13 0.05 –0.22 –0.27 –0.13 –0.15 0.12 0.16
Recreational goods and vehicles ................. 0.26 0.13 0.05 0.53 0.06 0.18 0.44 0.22 0.16 0.38 0.33 –0.04 0.25 –0.06 –0.30 0.20 –0.11 0.37 0.33
Other durable goods .................................... 0.01 –0.05 –0.03 0.14 –0.05 –0.06 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.07 –0.01 –0.07 –0.13 –0.03 –0.21 0.07 –0.02 0.06 0.02
Nondurable goods ........................................... 0.39 –0.13 –0.16 0.41 0.24 0.40 0.93 0.48 –0.13 0.33 0.27 –0.49 0.35 –0.94 –0.78 0.29 –0.29 0.23 0.67
Food and beverages purchased for off-
premises consumption ............................. 0.11 0.00 –0.03 0.06 0.23 0.07 0.33 0.10 –0.14 0.09 0.22 0.05 0.03 –0.29 –0.41 0.03 0.20 0.21 0.23
Clothing and footwear .................................. 0.11 –0.01 –0.10 0.14 –0.07 0.14 0.17 0.19 –0.02 0.11 0.05 –0.04 0.16 –0.27 –0.21 –0.04 –0.20 –0.01 0.17
Gasoline and other energy goods................ 0.02 –0.12 0.03 –0.13 0.03 0.10 0.00 0.05 –0.01 0.01 –0.10 –0.23 –0.11 –0.42 0.27 0.17 0.02 –0.04 –0.06
Other nondurable goods .............................. 0.16 –0.01 –0.06 0.35 0.06 0.10 0.43 0.14 0.03 0.11 0.10 –0.27 0.27 0.04 –0.43 0.12 –0.32 0.07 0.33
Services.............................................................. 1.09 0.32 0.06 1.32 1.33 0.92 1.40 1.61 0.76 0.60 0.15 0.85 0.17 –0.60 0.26 –0.13 0.09 0.37 0.83
Household consumption expenditures (for
services) ...................................................... 1.02 0.16 0.13 1.12 1.04 0.59 1.38 1.69 0.88 0.34 –0.14 0.70 0.13 –0.79 0.06 0.34 0.30 0.24 0.74
Housing and utilities..................................... 0.12 0.12 0.08 –0.13 0.58 0.30 –0.16 0.21 0.03 0.14 –0.04 0.33 0.11 –0.18 0.46 0.02 –0.16 0.07 0.44
Health care................................................... 0.27 0.31 0.23 0.32 0.06 –0.11 0.37 0.53 0.20 0.18 0.30 0.65 0.28 –0.06 0.19 0.37 0.44 0.02 0.16
Transportation services................................ 0.03 –0.11 –0.08 –0.06 0.05 –0.01 0.09 0.05 0.01 –0.03 –0.07 –0.17 –0.15 –0.11 –0.17 –0.15 0.02 0.08 0.02
Recreation services ..................................... 0.10 0.00 –0.03 0.12 0.05 0.13 0.22 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.00 –0.01 0.04 –0.08 –0.10 0.05 –0.04 –0.08 0.01
Food services and accommodations ........... 0.05 –0.02 –0.12 0.36 –0.19 0.00 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.09 –0.10 0.11 –0.11 –0.35 –0.07 –0.10 –0.09 –0.03
Financial services and insurance................. 0.28 –0.10 –0.01 0.21 0.16 0.13 0.40 0.43 0.42 0.08 –0.25 –0.13 –0.07 –0.16 –0.24 0.03 0.14 0.17 0.12
Other services.............................................. 0.18 –0.04 0.06 0.28 0.32 0.15 0.28 0.36 0.14 –0.16 –0.17 0.13 –0.18 –0.09 0.27 0.10 0.01 0.07 0.02
Final consumption expenditures of nonprofit
institutions serving households.................... 0.07 0.16 –0.07 0.20 0.29 0.34 0.01 –0.08 –0.12 0.26 0.28 0.15 0.05 0.18 0.20 –0.46 –0.21 0.13 0.09
Gross output of nonprofit institutions ........... 0.18 0.24 0.01 0.35 0.23 0.15 0.19 0.30 0.01 0.13 0.34 0.44 0.17 0.07 0.24 –0.22 0.01 –0.04 0.11
Less: Receipts from sales of goods and
services by nonprofit institutions .............. 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.15 –0.05 –0.19 0.18 0.37 0.13 –0.14 0.06 0.29 0.12 –0.11 0.04 0.24 0.22 –0.17 0.01
Gross private domestic investment................. –0.65 –1.18 –3.49 1.08 –0.11 –0.99 –1.99 –1.05 0.92 0.14 –1.29 –1.20 –1.66 –1.04 –3.91 –8.98 –3.10 0.54 3.82
Fixed investment............................................ –0.35 –0.81 –2.75 1.57 –0.32 –0.86 –0.91 –0.43 0.59 –0.04 –0.66 –0.99 –0.41 –1.30 –3.28 –6.62 –1.68 –0.15 0.43
Nonresidential .............................................. 0.70 0.19 –2.09 1.84 0.80 0.49 0.27 0.46 1.25 1.10 0.78 0.25 0.19 –0.73 –2.47 –5.29 –1.01 –0.59 0.29
Structures................................................. 0.49 0.39 –0.83 0.52 0.63 0.32 0.05 0.50 0.75 0.91 0.42 0.27 0.56 0.00 –0.31 –2.28 –0.69 –0.68 –0.52
Equipment and software .......................... 0.20 –0.20 –1.27 1.32 0.17 0.17 0.22 –0.04 0.51 0.19 0.36 –0.02 –0.38 –0.73 –2.15 –3.01 –0.32 0.10 0.81
Information processing equipment and
software ............................................ 0.29 0.22 –0.23 0.59 0.10 0.34 0.11 0.46 0.19 0.32 0.53 0.39 0.26 –0.17 –0.70 –0.79 0.19 0.27 0.60
Computers and peripheral
equipment ..................................... 0.11 0.05 –0.04 0.16 0.09 0.16 0.01 0.18 0.02 0.13 0.20 0.12 0.03 –0.19 –0.19 –0.08 0.08 0.05 0.33
Software............................................ 0.11 0.11 –0.13 0.07 0.07 0.11 0.13 0.07 0.12 0.11 0.20 0.22 0.09 –0.06 –0.17 –0.47 0.02 0.09 0.08
Other................................................. 0.08 0.06 –0.06 0.36 –0.07 0.06 –0.03 0.22 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.05 0.14 0.07 –0.34 –0.24 0.09 0.13 0.19
Industrial equipment ............................. 0.06 –0.05 –0.31 –0.06 0.34 –0.05 0.03 –0.10 0.45 –0.03 –0.22 0.02 –0.02 –0.15 –0.20 –0.82 –0.18 –0.15 –0.04
Transportation equipment..................... –0.14 –0.35 –0.45 0.62 –0.26 –0.01 0.05 –0.22 –0.30 –0.18 0.00 –0.27 –0.58 –0.54 –0.87 –0.92 0.09 0.10 0.31
Other equipment................................... –0.01 –0.03 –0.27 0.17 –0.01 –0.11 0.03 –0.18 0.16 0.08 0.05 –0.16 –0.04 0.13 –0.38 –0.48 –0.42 –0.12 –0.07
Residential ................................................... –1.05 –1.00 –0.65 –0.27 –1.12 –1.36 –1.18 –0.89 –0.66 –1.14 –1.44 –1.24 –0.60 –0.57 –0.81 –1.33 –0.67 0.43 0.14
Change in private inventories....................... –0.30 –0.37 –0.74 –0.49 0.22 –0.13 –1.08 –0.61 0.32 0.19 –0.63 –0.21 –1.25 0.26 –0.64 –2.36 –1.42 0.69 3.39
Farm............................................................. 0.03 –0.04 0.04 0.04 –0.36 0.06 0.08 0.27 –0.31 0.06 0.03 –0.29 0.34 –0.09 0.10 0.05 0.05 –0.01 –0.22
Nonfarm ....................................................... –0.33 –0.33 –0.77 –0.53 0.58 –0.19 –1.15 –0.88 0.64 0.13 –0.66 0.08 –1.59 0.35 –0.74 –2.41 –1.47 0.70 3.61
Net exports of goods and services.................. 0.63 1.20 1.08 0.44 0.02 –0.71 1.94 –0.29 0.66 1.36 2.24 0.36 2.35 –0.10 0.45 2.64 1.65 –0.81 0.50
Exports ........................................................... 0.96 0.64 –1.21 1.64 0.72 0.06 1.84 0.39 0.58 1.99 1.65 –0.02 1.47 –0.48 –2.67 –3.95 –0.45 1.78 1.90
Goods .......................................................... 0.57 0.48 –1.04 1.23 0.54 0.01 0.96 0.23 0.48 1.11 0.97 0.34 1.17 –0.17 –2.50 –3.41 –0.45 1.58 1.90
Services ....................................................... 0.39 0.16 –0.16 0.41 0.18 0.05 0.87 0.16 0.10 0.88 0.68 –0.36 0.30 –0.31 –0.17 –0.54 0.00 0.20 0.00
Imports ........................................................... –0.33 0.56 2.28 –1.20 –0.70 –0.78 0.10 –0.68 0.08 –0.63 0.60 0.38 0.88 0.38 3.12 6.58 2.09 –2.59 –1.41
Goods .......................................................... –0.24 0.58 2.18 –0.81 –0.66 –0.74 0.35 –0.67 0.13 –0.41 0.51 0.46 0.67 0.55 3.09 6.25 1.89 –2.41 –1.55
Services ....................................................... –0.09 –0.02 0.10 –0.39 –0.05 –0.04 –0.25 –0.01 –0.05 –0.22 0.08 –0.08 0.21 –0.17 0.03 0.34 0.21 –0.18 0.14
gross investment ........................................... 0.32 0.59 0.38 0.75 0.06 0.11 0.21 0.00 0.82 0.75 0.31 0.51 0.71 0.95 0.24 –0.52 1.33 0.55 –0.02
Federal............................................................ 0.09 0.53 0.39 0.79 –0.24 –0.03 0.08 –0.36 0.50 0.63 0.19 0.56 0.55 0.93 0.49 –0.33 0.85 0.62 0.02
National defense .......................................... 0.10 0.37 0.28 0.46 0.05 –0.09 0.38 –0.37 0.39 0.46 0.03 0.39 0.34 0.93 0.20 –0.27 0.70 0.45 –0.19
Consumption expenditures....................... 0.07 0.27 0.22 0.40 –0.11 0.02 0.24 –0.31 0.24 0.43 0.03 0.27 0.10 0.81 0.15 –0.22 0.53 0.36 –0.04
Gross investment ..................................... 0.04 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.15 –0.11 0.14 –0.06 0.15 0.03 0.00 0.11 0.24 0.13 0.05 –0.05 0.17 0.09 –0.15
Nondefense.................................................. –0.01 0.16 0.11 0.32 –0.29 0.06 –0.30 0.01 0.11 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.21 0.00 0.29 –0.06 0.15 0.17 0.21
Consumption expenditures....................... –0.02 0.14 0.10 0.30 –0.23 0.06 –0.30 0.02 0.08 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.16 –0.02 0.16 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.22
Gross investment ..................................... 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 –0.07 0.01 0.00 –0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 –0.01 0.05 0.02 0.13 –0.11 0.03 0.04 –0.01
State and local ............................................... 0.23 0.06 –0.01 –0.03 0.30 0.14 0.14 0.36 0.32 0.11 0.12 –0.05 0.15 0.01 –0.25 –0.19 0.48 –0.08 –0.04
Consumption expenditures....................... 0.17 0.07 –0.02 0.02 0.08 0.18 0.24 0.18 0.21 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.02 0.08 0.04 –0.04 0.01 –0.20 –0.01
Gross investment ..................................... 0.06 –0.01 0.01 –0.05 0.22 –0.04 –0.10 0.18 0.11 0.02 0.05 –0.13 0.14 –0.06 –0.28 –0.15 0.47 0.12 –0.03
Addenda:
Goods .............................................................. 1.01 0.11 –1.31 3.17 0.52 0.03 1.94 –0.22 1.64 1.88 1.95 –0.55 0.36 –1.91 –4.54 –2.19 –0.84 1.60 5.09
Services........................................................... 1.61 0.94 0.30 2.07 1.20 1.19 2.19 1.65 1.34 1.92 1.17 0.94 0.96 –0.22 0.46 –0.53 0.96 0.70 1.14
Structures ........................................................ –0.49 –0.61 –1.42 0.11 –0.27 –1.12 –1.18 –0.23 0.24 –0.21 –1.00 –1.12 0.13 –0.55 –1.30 –3.70 –0.86 –0.06 –0.50
Motor vehicle output ........................................ –0.04 –0.52 –0.52 0.43 –0.25 0.12 –0.33 –0.03 0.17 0.10 –0.30 –0.64 –1.08 –0.15 –1.41 –1.69 0.19 1.45 0.61
Final sales of computers.................................. 0.13 0.12 0.01 0.18 0.11 0.07 0.13 0.02 0.15 0.29 0.19 0.06 0.16 –0.02 0.02 0.06 –0.04 –0.08 –0.03

Table 3. Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Level and Change From Preceding Period
Billions of current dollars Billions of chained (2005) dollars
Change from
Seasonally adjusted at annual rates Seasonally adjusted at annual rates
preceding period
2009 2009
2008 2009 2008 2009 2009
2009
IV I II III IV IV I II III IV III IV
Gross domestic product ................................. 14,258.7 14,347.3 14,178.0 14,151.2 14,242.1 14,463.4 12,988.7 13,141.9 12,925.4 12,901.5 12,973.0 13,155.0 –323.5 71.5 182.0
Personal consumption expenditures .................... 10,092.6 10,009.8 9,987.7 9,999.3 10,132.9 10,250.5 9,237.3 9,195.3 9,209.2 9,189.0 9,252.6 9,298.5 –53.6 63.6 45.9
Goods ................................................................... 3,257.6 3,227.5 3,197.7 3,193.8 3,292.3 3,346.8 3,143.7 3,110.4 3,129.8 3,105.4 3,159.6 3,180.0 –62.3 54.2 20.4
Durable goods ................................................... 1,034.4 1,019.9 1,025.2 1,011.5 1,051.3 1,049.3 1,100.5 1,076.8 1,087.2 1,071.7 1,122.7 1,120.3 –45.8 51.0 –2.4
Motor vehicles and parts................................ 312.6 296.4 300.6 299.5 331.7 318.5 316.8 306.2 311.2 306.2 335.2 314.7 –30.7 29.0 –20.5
Furnishings and durable household
equipment .................................................. 253.2 259.1 255.7 251.3 251.6 254.2 259.1 264.2 259.4 254.2 258.4 264.4 –16.4 4.2 6.0
Recreational goods and vehicles ................... 327.6 327.3 329.6 321.3 326.8 332.8 411.5 394.3 403.1 398.4 414.8 429.6 8.5 16.4 14.8
Other durable goods ...................................... 140.9 137.1 139.3 139.4 141.3 143.8 124.2 121.4 123.5 122.9 124.9 125.5 –3.8 2.0 0.6
Nondurable goods ............................................. 2,223.3 2,207.6 2,172.4 2,182.2 2,241.0 2,297.5 2,037.3 2,026.1 2,035.5 2,025.7 2,033.3 2,054.6 –20.0 7.6 21.3
Food and beverages purchased for off-
premises consumption ............................... 790.1 787.5 786.5 786.3 789.4 798.0 697.1 686.4 687.4 693.5 700.1 707.3 –3.6 6.6 7.2
Clothing and footwear .................................... 325.7 326.5 327.9 321.6 324.8 328.5 330.1 335.4 334.0 326.9 326.7 332.9 –14.9 –0.2 6.2
Gasoline and other energy goods.................. 307.4 321.2 271.0 279.4 324.4 354.9 292.7 287.2 293.2 294.0 292.7 290.7 5.3 –1.3 –2.0
Other nondurable goods ................................ 800.1 772.5 787.0 795.0 802.3 816.2 720.7 720.8 724.7 714.5 716.7 727.0 –8.0 2.2 10.3
Services................................................................ 6,835.0 6,782.3 6,790.0 6,805.6 6,840.6 6,903.7 6,090.5 6,080.4 6,076.0 6,078.8 6,090.6 6,116.4 7.4 11.8 25.8
Household consumption expenditures (for
services) ........................................................ 6,569.7 6,494.1 6,522.0 6,545.9 6,575.7 6,635.3 5,833.9 5,806.6 5,817.2 5,826.7 5,834.3 5,857.2 16.3 7.6 22.9
Housing and utilities....................................... 1,878.3 1,872.1 1,878.8 1,871.1 1,872.5 1,890.6 1,657.6 1,656.3 1,656.9 1,651.8 1,654.0 1,667.8 10.4 2.2 13.8
Health care..................................................... 1,626.0 1,574.9 1,598.0 1,622.6 1,633.0 1,650.3 1,446.2 1,422.4 1,434.3 1,448.2 1,448.6 1,453.7 29.8 0.4 5.1
Transportation services.................................. 304.6 305.7 301.6 301.1 306.3 309.4 263.7 266.7 261.9 262.5 265.0 265.5 –10.1 2.5 0.5
Recreation services ....................................... 382.6 380.9 383.4 381.5 382.5 383.0 345.4 346.1 347.7 346.3 343.6 343.8 –4.4 –2.7 0.2
Food services and accommodations ............. 605.7 607.3 607.3 606.0 603.7 605.7 529.8 535.9 533.7 530.5 527.9 527.0 –15.6 –2.6 –0.9
Financial services and insurance................... 828.5 823.5 816.7 824.9 832.4 839.8 758.7 750.6 751.4 756.1 761.8 765.5 –1.1 5.7 3.7
Other services................................................ 944.1 929.8 936.0 938.7 945.3 956.4 833.6 829.2 832.2 832.4 834.6 835.1 7.9 2.2 0.5
Final consumption expenditures of nonprofit
institutions serving households...................... 265.2 288.2 268.0 259.7 264.9 268.4 256.9 275.4 259.4 252.0 256.5 259.6 –9.7 4.5 3.1
Gross output of nonprofit institutions ............. 1,069.6 1,066.1 1,060.8 1,065.8 1,070.7 1,081.1 958.3 965.1 957.8 958.2 957.0 960.3 1.6 –1.2 3.3
Less: Receipts from sales of goods and
services by nonprofit institutions ................ 804.3 778.0 792.7 806.1 805.8 812.7 701.5 691.0 698.7 705.7 700.5 700.9 10.5 –5.2 0.4
Gross private domestic investment....................... 1,622.9 2,022.1 1,689.9 1,561.5 1,556.1 1,684.0 1,522.8 1,857.7 1,558.5 1,456.7 1,474.4 1,601.8 –466.6 17.7 127.4
Fixed investment ................................................. 1,747.9 2,066.6 1,817.2 1,737.7 1,712.6 1,724.0 1,646.7 1,909.3 1,687.5 1,631.9 1,626.7 1,640.6 –371.7 –5.2 13.9
Nonresidential.................................................... 1,386.6 1,638.7 1,442.6 1,391.8 1,353.9 1,358.2 1,289.1 1,496.1 1,321.2 1,288.4 1,269.0 1,278.1 –280.6 –19.4 9.1
Structures....................................................... 480.7 620.7 533.1 494.8 457.9 436.8 391.0 484.0 419.4 400.0 380.2 364.6 –95.8 –19.8 –15.6
Equipment and software ................................ 906.0 1,018.0 909.5 897.0 895.9 921.5 887.9 993.7 887.5 876.5 879.8 907.7 –180.7 3.3 27.9
Information processing equipment and
software .................................................. 519.9 540.2 508.3 512.2 519.0 540.3 553.7 567.6 537.5 544.8 554.9 577.6 –35.1 10.1 22.7
Computers and peripheral equipment .... 74.7 75.8 71.1 72.0 72.5 83.3 .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
Software ................................................. 241.8 258.7 240.5 240.2 241.4 245.1 238.3 252.2 235.5 236.2 239.2 242.2 –18.7 3.0 3.0
Other ...................................................... 203.4 205.6 196.7 200.1 205.1 211.9 202.3 204.3 195.8 199.1 203.9 210.5 –8.8 4.8 6.6
Industrial equipment................................... 150.4 187.9 157.8 151.4 146.5 145.9 133.9 167.2 140.8 135.2 130.4 129.2 –40.8 –4.8 –1.2
Transportation equipment........................... 72.4 95.3 65.4 70.6 73.2 80.5 66.1 90.9 59.8 62.7 66.0 76.0 –62.8 3.3 10.0
Other equipment ........................................ 163.2 194.7 178.0 162.7 157.2 154.8 144.8 172.6 157.3 144.0 140.1 137.9 –35.5 –3.9 –2.2
Residential ......................................................... 361.3 427.8 374.6 345.9 358.8 365.7 359.1 415.0 367.9 344.4 359.6 364.6 –92.0 15.2 5.0
Change in private inventories ............................ –125.0 –44.5 –127.4 –176.2 –156.5 –40.0 –111.7 –37.4 –113.9 –160.2 –139.2 –33.5 –85.8 21.0 105.7
Farm .................................................................. –2.5 –3.7 –1.3 0.6 0.0 –9.3 –0.5 –1.9 0.3 2.2 1.9 –6.2 4.8 –0.3 –8.1
Nonfarm ............................................................. –122.5 –40.8 –126.1 –176.8 –156.5 –30.7 –111.7 –35.7 –114.9 –163.1 –141.4 –27.3 –91.3 21.7 114.1
Net exports of goods and services ....................... –390.1 –590.5 –378.5 –339.1 –402.2 –440.5 –353.8 –470.9 –386.5 –330.4 –357.4 –341.1 140.5 –27.0 16.3
Exports ................................................................. 1,560.0 1,706.2 1,509.3 1,493.7 1,573.8 1,663.4 1,468.6 1,568.0 1,434.5 1,419.5 1,478.8 1,541.6 –160.7 59.3 62.8
Goods ................................................................ 1,035.1 1,155.7 989.5 978.1 1,045.2 1,127.6 987.0 1,072.9 956.1 940.7 993.9 1,057.4 –140.5 53.2 63.5
Services............................................................. 524.9 550.5 519.8 515.6 528.5 535.8 480.6 494.9 477.2 477.4 483.9 484.0 –21.1 6.5 0.1
Imports ................................................................. 1,950.1 2,296.7 1,887.9 1,832.8 1,976.0 2,103.9 1,822.5 2,038.9 1,821.0 1,749.8 1,836.2 1,882.7 –301.0 86.4 46.5
Goods ................................................................ 1,569.8 1,892.5 1,508.2 1,461.1 1,592.8 1,716.9 1,479.1 1,682.6 1,474.4 1,409.4 1,490.6 1,541.9 –288.2 81.2 51.3
Services............................................................. 380.4 404.2 379.6 371.7 383.1 387.0 342.9 356.9 346.2 339.5 345.3 340.7 –13.6 5.8 –4.6
gross investment ................................................. 2,933.3 2,905.9 2,879.0 2,929.4 2,955.4 2,969.5 2,566.4 2,544.0 2,527.2 2,568.6 2,585.5 2,584.4 48.3 16.9 –1.1
Federal.................................................................. 1,144.9 1,114.3 1,106.7 1,138.3 1,164.3 1,170.4 1,026.7 1,007.3 996.3 1,023.5 1,043.3 1,043.5 50.8 19.8 0.2
National defense................................................ 779.1 758.9 750.7 776.2 795.8 793.8 695.1 681.7 672.8 695.2 709.3 703.1 35.7 14.1 –6.2
Consumption expenditures ............................ 666.8 648.8 642.9 662.7 679.3 682.4 589.4 578.7 571.5 588.2 599.6 598.2 27.8 11.4 –1.4
Gross investment ........................................... 112.3 110.1 107.8 113.5 116.5 111.4 106.5 103.8 102.0 107.8 110.7 105.5 8.1 2.9 –5.2
Nondefense ....................................................... 365.8 355.3 356.0 362.1 368.5 376.5 331.4 325.4 323.4 328.2 333.8 340.4 15.0 5.6 6.6
Consumption expenditures ............................ 320.0 306.6 311.3 316.4 321.9 330.3 286.9 278.4 280.1 284.0 288.3 295.2 13.4 4.3 6.9
State and local ..................................................... 1,788.4 1,791.7 1,772.3 1,791.2 1,791.1 1,799.1 1,542.8 1,539.3 1,533.3 1,548.0 1,545.5 1,544.3 –0.9 –2.5 –1.2
Consumption expenditures ............................ 1,430.9 1,441.7 1,424.4 1,429.9 1,429.8 1,439.7 1,249.4 1,253.6 1,252.3 1,252.7 1,246.6 1,246.1 –2.1 –6.1 –0.5
Residual .................................................................... ............... ............... ............... .............. .............. .............. –10.7 8.4 –1.1 –2.9 –13.7 –25.8 .............. .............. ..............
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product............................. 14,383.7 14,391.8 14,305.3 14,327.4 14,398.7 14,503.4 13,115.2 13,193.5 13,055.8 13,077.8 13,127.2 13,200.2 –226.0 49.4 73.0
Gross domestic purchases.................................... 14,648.8 14,937.8 14,556.5 14,490.3 14,644.3 14,903.9 13,335.8 13,604.0 13,303.1 13,225.9 13,323.8 13,490.3 –465.4 97.9 166.5
Final sales to domestic purchasers ....................... 14,773.8 14,982.3 14,683.9 14,666.5 14,800.9 14,944.0 13,461.6 13,654.9 13,432.7 13,401.4 13,477.2 13,535.2 –368.2 75.8 58.0
Gross domestic product ..................................... 14,258.7 14,347.3 14,178.0 14,151.2 14,242.1 14,463.4 12,988.7 13,141.9 12,925.4 12,901.5 12,973.0 13,155.0 –323.5 71.5 182.0
Plus: Income receipts from the rest of the world ... ............... 714.4 579.6 571.3 590.6 .............. .............. 652.7 530.9 522.5 538.2 .............. .............. 15.7 ..............
Less: Income payments to the rest of the world .... ............... 607.4 479.7 478.6 469.1 .............. .............. 554.2 438.5 437.5 427.5 .............. .............. –10.0 ..............
Equals: Gross national product ......................... ............... 14,454.3 14,277.9 14,243.8 14,363.7 .............. .............. 13,240.5 13,018.1 12,986.8 13,084.0 .............. .............. 97.2 ..............
Net domestic product............................................. 12,395.0 12,466.4 12,294.4 12,287.2 12,391.4 12,607.0 11,251.4 11,416.0 11,193.2 11,167.0 11,235.2 11,410.4 –345.7 68.2 175.2
NOTE. Users are cautioned that particularly for components that exhibit rapid change in prices relative to other prices in the economy, the chained-dollar estimates should not be used to measure the component’s
relative importance or its contribution to the growth rate of more aggregate series. For accurate estimates of the contributions to percent changes in real gross domestic product, use table 2.
Table 4. Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Related Measures: Percent Change From Preceding Period
2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009
Gross domestic product (GDP) ................ 2.9 2.1 1.2 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.2 2.7 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.8 4.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.4 0.6
Personal consumption expenditures .................. 2.7 3.3 0.2 1.7 3.0 3.0 –0.1 3.7 3.2 2.3 5.1 3.7 3.9 4.7 –5.0 –1.5 1.4 2.6 2.7
Goods.................................................................. 1.3 3.3 –2.4 –0.3 2.6 2.2 –5.8 3.2 3.7 0.3 7.0 5.2 3.8 6.8 –16.1 –6.0 2.7 5.4 4.1
Durable goods ................................................. –1.8 –1.2 –1.6 –1.2 –1.6 –1.9 –2.0 –1.6 –1.4 –2.8 –1.4 0.0 –0.9 –1.2 –3.3 –1.7 0.3 –3.1 0.1
Nondurable goods ........................................... 2.9 5.6 –2.7 0.1 5.0 4.5 –7.7 5.9 6.6 1.9 11.5 7.8 6.1 10.8 –21.5 –7.9 3.8 9.6 6.0
Services............................................................... 3.4 3.4 1.5 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.1 4.0 2.9 3.4 4.2 2.9 4.0 3.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.3 2.0
Gross private domestic investment..................... 2.2 0.6 –0.8 4.7 3.5 2.5 3.8 2.8 0.6 0.8 1.0 –1.6 0.6 2.3 5.3 –1.8 –4.5 –5.7 –1.4
Fixed investment.................................................. 2.2 0.8 –1.3 4.7 3.5 2.4 3.7 2.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 –0.7 1.1 2.5 1.3 –2.0 –4.4 –4.4 –0.8
Nonresidential.................................................. 2.6 1.6 –0.4 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.9 3.2 1.6 0.9 1.3 –0.3 2.1 4.4 4.4 –1.3 –4.2 –4.9 –1.6
Structures..................................................... 7.4 3.2 –2.0 11.8 11.4 8.0 11.5 9.2 3.7 3.3 3.4 0.6 2.7 6.7 7.9 –3.5 –10.2 –10.1 –2.2
Equipment and software .............................. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.6 –0.2 0.2 –0.7 1.7 3.1 2.5 0.1 –0.6 –1.9 –1.2
Residential ....................................................... 1.3 –1.6 –4.8 7.1 4.1 1.3 3.4 1.5 –1.1 0.6 0.9 –1.5 –1.6 –3.8 –9.5 –4.9 –5.2 –2.7 2.2
Change in private inventories .............................. .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ..........
Net exports of goods and services ..................... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ..........
Exports ................................................................ 3.5 4.9 –5.5 2.9 5.2 5.0 0.2 3.6 4.5 3.3 6.7 7.6 10.2 6.3 –21.4 –12.6 0.1 4.6 5.7
Goods .............................................................. 3.6 5.0 –6.6 2.7 5.5 5.5 0.9 3.1 4.2 3.0 6.8 8.3 12.1 5.6 –25.4 –14.8 1.9 4.6 5.7
Services........................................................... 3.5 4.8 –2.9 3.4 4.4 3.9 –1.6 4.5 5.1 4.2 6.5 6.0 6.0 7.8 –11.9 –8.1 –3.3 4.5 5.6
Imports ................................................................ 3.7 10.7 –10.5 1.6 4.2 3.1 –4.6 3.2 6.3 6.2 20.5 15.5 21.4 7.1 –34.3 –28.3 4.2 11.4 16.3
Goods .............................................................. 3.7 11.4 –11.8 0.8 4.0 3.2 –5.4 3.4 6.2 6.1 22.9 17.2 22.4 7.1 –37.0 –31.6 5.5 12.9 17.9
Services........................................................... 3.9 7.2 –4.1 6.2 5.5 2.7 –0.2 2.3 7.2 6.6 8.7 7.0 16.9 7.5 –19.1 –12.1 –0.7 5.5 9.7
gross investment ............................................... 4.5 4.5 –0.2 5.3 5.6 3.1 2.4 7.1 4.7 2.7 5.5 6.3 6.3 4.2 –5.8 –1.1 0.4 0.9 2.1
Federal ................................................................ 3.5 3.0 0.5 9.8 4.3 1.2 0.5 8.6 3.5 0.6 2.5 5.6 4.4 1.9 –4.1 1.7 0.5 1.4 2.0
National defense.............................................. 3.7 3.3 0.2 10.5 4.6 1.5 0.3 8.3 4.1 1.2 3.3 5.5 5.7 2.4 –6.0 0.9 0.3 1.9 2.6
Nondefense ..................................................... 3.1 2.1 1.3 8.4 3.7 0.7 0.9 9.0 2.3 –0.7 0.9 6.0 1.7 0.8 0.2 3.3 0.9 0.3 0.9
State and local..................................................... 5.1 5.4 –0.6 2.8 6.4 4.2 3.4 6.3 5.3 3.9 7.3 6.6 7.4 5.6 –6.9 –2.8 0.4 0.6 2.1
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product........................... 2.9 2.1 1.1 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.2 2.7 1.6 2.3 2.0 1.9 4.0 –0.5 1.8 –0.1 0.5 0.7
Gross domestic purchases.................................. 2.9 3.2 0.1 2.8 3.6 2.9 1.0 4.2 3.1 2.2 4.6 3.4 3.9 4.3 –3.8 –1.4 0.5 1.3 2.1
Final sales to domestic purchasers ..................... 2.9 3.2 0.0 2.8 3.6 2.9 1.0 4.2 3.1 2.2 4.6 3.5 4.0 4.3 –4.3 –1.5 0.5 1.4 2.2
Gross national product (GNP) ............................. 2.9 2.1 .......... 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.3 2.7 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.8 4.0 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.4 ..........
Implicit price deflators:
GDP ................................................................. 2.9 2.1 1.2 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.3 2.7 1.7 2.4 1.7 2.0 4.1 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.4 0.6
Gross domestic purchases .............................. 2.9 3.2 0.1 2.8 3.5 2.9 0.9 4.2 3.0 2.2 4.6 3.2 4.1 4.4 –3.9 –1.4 0.5 1.3 2.1
GNP ................................................................. 2.9 2.1 .......... 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.3 2.7 1.7 2.4 1.8 2.0 4.2 –0.1 1.9 0.0 0.4 ..........

Table 5. Real Gross Domestic Product, Quantity Indexes
[Index numbers, 2005=100]
Seasonally adjusted
2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

IV I II III IV
Gross domestic product ................................................................. 104.872 105.331 102.772 103.984 102.271 102.082 102.648 104.088
Personal consumption expenditures............................................................ 105.612 105.351 104.744 104.267 104.425 104.196 104.917 105.437
Goods ........................................................................................................... 106.499 104.296 102.270 101.186 101.817 101.023 102.789 103.451
Durable goods........................................................................................... 108.543 103.692 99.548 97.401 98.345 96.947 101.561 101.337
Nondurable goods..................................................................................... 105.405 104.513 103.497 102.929 103.405 102.911 103.295 104.376
Services ........................................................................................................ 105.147 105.883 106.012 105.837 105.761 105.809 106.014 106.464
Gross private domestic investment .............................................................. 98.801 91.585 70.104 85.519 71.746 67.059 67.874 73.738
Fixed investment ........................................................................................... 100.189 95.106 77.590 89.964 79.514 76.895 76.647 77.304
Nonresidential ........................................................................................... 114.617 116.502 95.681 111.040 98.061 95.623 94.183 94.858
Structures .............................................................................................. 125.495 138.392 111.171 137.603 119.243 113.716 108.074 103.650
Equipment and software........................................................................ 110.184 107.332 89.181 99.808 89.143 88.036 88.370 91.174
Residential ................................................................................................ 75.490 58.213 46.341 53.549 47.478 44.436 46.403 47.046
Change in private inventories........................................................................ .................. .................. .................. ................... .................. .................. ................... ...................
Exports of goods and services ..................................................................... 118.472 124.842 112.532 120.149 109.922 108.766 113.315 118.127
Imports of goods and services ..................................................................... 108.188 104.721 89.874 100.547 89.804 86.292 90.554 92.846
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment................ 103.090 106.252 108.293 107.346 106.639 108.386 109.097 109.051
Federal.......................................................................................................... 103.434 111.362 117.158 114.946 113.693 116.801 119.057 119.080
State and local .............................................................................................. 102.886 103.355 103.293 103.061 102.660 103.640 103.479 103.394
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product .................................................................... 105.131 105.980 104.185 104.806 103.713 103.888 104.280 104.860
Gross domestic purchases ........................................................................... 104.046 103.294 99.811 101.818 99.566 98.988 99.721 100.967
Final sales to domestic purchasers............................................................... 104.288 103.896 101.130 102.583 100.913 100.678 101.247 101.683
Gross national product.................................................................................. 104.925 105.552 .................. 103.965 102.219 101.973 102.737 ...................
Table 6. Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product

[Index numbers, 2005=100]
Seasonally adjusted
2007 2008 2009 2008 2009
IV I II III IV
Gross domestic product ................................................................. 106.221 108.481 109.754 109.155 109.661 109.656 109.763 109.934
Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) ................................................. 105.502 109.031 109.252 108.855 108.449 108.814 109.510 110.235
Goods ........................................................................................................... 102.789 106.150 103.632 103.784 102.186 102.864 104.216 105.264
Durable goods........................................................................................... 96.714 95.537 94.021 94.743 94.326 94.407 93.660 93.693
Nondurable goods..................................................................................... 106.250 112.188 109.134 108.971 106.739 107.736 110.227 111.834
Services ........................................................................................................ 106.964 110.582 112.221 111.542 111.749 111.954 112.312 112.869
Gross private domestic investment .............................................................. 106.677 107.355 106.458 108.738 108.245 107.019 105.465 105.102
Fixed investment ........................................................................................... 106.718 107.551 106.114 108.217 107.668 106.463 105.265 105.062
Nonresidential ........................................................................................... 106.209 107.897 107.510 109.498 109.154 107.993 106.656 106.238
Structures .............................................................................................. 121.275 125.207 122.759 128.238 127.092 123.706 120.451 119.786
Equipment and software........................................................................ 100.715 101.455 102.010 102.415 102.450 102.304 101.802 101.485
Residential ................................................................................................ 107.513 105.779 100.687 103.198 101.915 100.554 99.863 100.417
Change in private inventories........................................................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... ................... .................. ..................
Exports of goods and services ..................................................................... 107.103 112.389 106.243 108.871 105.265 105.284 106.473 107.952
Imports of goods and services ..................................................................... 108.017 119.559 107.022 112.730 103.746 104.821 107.688 111.830
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment................ 109.552 114.502 114.298 114.233 113.924 114.051 114.312 114.905
Federal.......................................................................................................... 107.754 110.938 111.516 110.628 111.084 111.214 111.601 112.164
State and local .............................................................................................. 110.615 116.642 115.923 116.396 115.587 115.713 115.889 116.501
Addenda:
1
PCE excluding food and energy ................................................................. 104.699 107.207 108.828 107.866 108.173 108.712 109.027 109.400
Market-based PCE 2 ..................................................................................... 105.334 108.954 109.309 108.781 108.452 108.848 109.606 110.329
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy 2 .......................................... 104.368 106.811 108.826 107.616 108.133 108.737 109.060 109.372
Final sales of domestic product .................................................................... 106.226 108.507 109.666 109.078 109.566 109.550 109.681 109.868
Gross domestic purchases ........................................................................... 106.408 109.765 109.823 109.790 109.395 109.533 109.895 110.470
Final sales to domestic purchasers............................................................... 106.412 109.792 109.743 109.718 109.311 109.437 109.819 110.406
Gross national product.................................................................................. 106.223 108.484 .................. 109.149 109.647 109.648 109.760 ..................
Implicit price deflators:
Gross domestic product ............................................................................ 106.214 108.483 109.777 109.172 109.691 109.686 109.783 109.946
Final sales of domestic product................................................................. 106.226 108.507 109.672 109.083 109.571 109.555 109.686 109.872
Gross domestic purchases........................................................................ 106.400 109.767 109.845 109.805 109.422 109.560 109.911 110.479
Final sales to domestic purchasers........................................................... 106.412 109.792 109.748 109.721 109.314 109.440 109.822 110.408
Gross national product .............................................................................. 106.215 108.486 .................. 109.167 109.678 109.679 109.780 ..................
1. Food excludes personal consumption expenditures for purchased meals and beverages, which are classified in food services.
2. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, financial
services furnished without payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households. Percentage changes for these series are included in the
addenda to table 8 and appendix table A.
Table 7. Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change From Preceding Year
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Gross domestic product (GDP) .............................................. 4.1 2.5 3.7 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.1 1.1 1.8 2.5 3.6 3.1 2.7 2.1 0.4 –2.4
Personal consumption expenditures ................................................ 3.8 2.7 3.5 3.7 5.2 5.5 5.1 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.5 3.4 2.9 2.6 –0.2 –0.6
Goods................................................................................................ 5.3 3.0 4.5 4.8 6.8 8.0 5.3 3.1 4.1 4.6 4.4 4.0 3.3 3.1 –2.1 –1.9
Durable goods ............................................................................... 8.0 3.9 7.5 8.2 12.2 13.0 8.8 5.4 7.6 6.0 6.6 5.2 4.1 4.3 –4.5 –4.0
Nondurable goods ......................................................................... 3.9 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.8 5.1 3.2 1.8 2.0 3.7 3.2 3.4 2.8 2.5 –0.8 –1.0
Services............................................................................................. 3.0 2.5 2.9 3.1 4.4 4.1 5.0 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.4 0.7 0.1
Gross private domestic investment................................................... 13.6 3.1 8.8 12.4 10.0 8.8 6.8 –7.0 –1.4 3.6 10.0 5.5 2.7 –3.8 –7.3 –23.5
Fixed investment................................................................................ 9.4 6.4 9.0 9.2 10.9 9.3 7.4 –1.9 –4.2 3.2 7.3 6.5 2.3 –2.1 –5.1 –18.4
Nonresidential................................................................................ 9.2 10.5 9.3 12.1 12.0 10.4 9.8 –2.8 –7.9 0.9 6.0 6.7 7.9 6.2 1.6 –17.9
Structures................................................................................... 1.8 6.4 5.7 7.3 5.1 0.1 7.8 –1.5 –17.7 –3.8 1.1 1.4 9.2 14.9 10.3 –19.7
Equipment and software ............................................................ 11.9 12.0 10.6 13.8 14.5 14.1 10.5 –3.2 –4.2 2.5 7.7 8.5 7.4 2.6 –2.6 –16.9
Residential ..................................................................................... 9.7 –3.3 8.0 1.9 7.7 6.3 1.0 0.6 5.2 8.2 9.8 6.2 –7.3 –18.5 –22.9 –20.4
Change in private inventories ............................................................ ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ...........
Net exports of goods and services ................................................... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ...........
Exports .............................................................................................. 8.7 10.1 8.3 11.9 2.3 4.4 8.6 –5.6 –2.0 1.6 9.5 6.7 9.0 8.7 5.4 –9.9
Goods ............................................................................................ 9.7 11.7 8.8 14.4 2.2 3.8 11.1 –6.2 –3.6 1.8 8.5 7.5 9.4 7.4 5.9 –12.5
Services......................................................................................... 6.4 6.3 7.0 5.9 2.4 5.7 2.7 –4.1 1.9 1.2 11.9 5.0 7.9 11.8 4.2 –4.2
Imports .............................................................................................. 11.9 8.0 8.7 13.5 11.7 11.5 13.0 –2.8 3.4 4.4 11.0 6.1 6.1 2.0 –3.2 –14.2
Goods ............................................................................................ 13.4 9.0 9.4 14.4 11.8 12.5 13.4 –3.2 3.7 4.9 11.0 6.8 5.9 1.7 –3.9 –16.3
Services......................................................................................... 5.3 3.0 5.2 8.7 10.9 6.8 11.0 –0.8 1.8 1.9 11.2 2.8 7.1 3.5 0.7 –3.8
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment .... 0.0 0.6 1.0 1.9 2.1 3.6 2.0 3.8 4.7 2.2 1.4 0.3 1.4 1.7 3.1 1.9
Federal .............................................................................................. –3.8 –2.7 –1.2 –1.0 –1.1 1.9 0.5 4.1 7.3 6.6 4.1 1.3 2.1 1.3 7.7 5.2
National defense............................................................................ –4.9 –3.7 –1.3 –2.8 –2.1 1.9 –0.5 3.8 7.4 8.7 5.7 1.5 1.6 2.2 7.8 5.4
Nondefense ................................................................................... –1.4 –0.4 –0.8 2.7 0.8 2.1 2.4 4.6 7.2 2.8 1.0 0.9 3.2 –0.6 7.3 4.7
State and local................................................................................... 2.6 2.7 2.3 3.6 3.9 4.5 2.8 3.7 3.3 –0.1 –0.2 –0.2 0.9 2.0 0.5 –0.1
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product......................................................... 3.5 3.0 3.7 3.9 4.4 4.9 4.2 2.0 1.3 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.5 0.8 –1.7
Gross domestic purchases................................................................ 4.5 2.4 3.8 4.7 5.5 5.7 4.8 1.2 2.4 2.8 4.0 3.2 2.6 1.4 –0.7 –3.4
Final sales to domestic purchasers ................................................... 3.8 2.8 3.8 4.2 5.6 5.8 4.9 2.1 1.9 2.8 3.6 3.3 2.5 1.7 –0.4 –2.7
Gross national product ...................................................................... 3.9 2.6 3.7 4.3 4.3 4.9 4.2 1.2 1.8 2.6 3.7 3.1 2.4 2.4 0.6 ...........
Real disposable personal income...................................................... 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.5 6.0 3.0 5.1 2.4 3.3 2.5 3.4 1.3 4.0 2.2 0.5 1.3
Price indexes:
Gross domestic purchases ............................................................ 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 0.7 1.6 2.5 1.9 1.4 2.3 3.0 3.7 3.4 2.9 3.2 0.1
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy 1 ............... 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.0 2.7 3.3 3.2 2.7 2.6 0.8
GDP ............................................................................................... 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.3 1.6 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.1 1.2
GDP excluding food and energy 1.................................................. 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.2 1.6 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.8 3.5 3.3 2.8 2.3 0.8
Personal consumption expenditures.............................................. 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.0 1.6 2.5 1.9 1.4 2.0 2.6 3.0 2.7 2.7 3.3 0.2
Table 8. Real Gross Domestic Product: Percent Change From Quarter One Year Ago
2006 2007 2008 2009
Gross domestic product (GDP) .............................................. 3.0 3.0 2.2 2.4 1.4 1.9 2.7 2.5 2.0 1.6 0.0 –1.9 –3.3 –3.8 –2.6 0.1
Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)...................................... 3.1 2.6 2.5 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.0 0.9 0.6 –0.7 –1.8 –1.5 –1.7 –0.2 1.1
Goods................................................................................................ 3.7 2.5 2.5 4.3 3.4 3.3 3.3 2.6 0.3 0.1 –2.7 –5.9 –4.1 –4.7 –1.1 2.2
Durable goods ............................................................................... 5.4 2.3 2.3 6.3 3.6 4.4 4.6 4.6 0.8 –1.2 –5.4 –11.8 –8.9 –8.8 –1.5 4.0
Nondurable goods ......................................................................... 2.8 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.6 1.5 0.0 0.7 –1.2 –2.9 –1.7 –2.7 –0.9 1.4
Services............................................................................................. 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.4 1.7 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.3 –0.2 –0.2 0.3 0.6
Gross private domestic investment................................................... 4.4 6.1 3.5 –3.0 –5.8 –4.4 –2.8 –2.0 –2.3 –6.3 –8.1 –12.5 –25.2 –28.1 –25.9 –13.8
Fixed investment................................................................................ 5.8 3.5 0.9 –0.8 –3.7 –2.4 –1.2 –0.9 –1.9 –3.4 –5.4 –9.6 –18.8 –21.0 –19.5 –14.1
Nonresidential................................................................................ 7.8 8.2 7.8 7.8 4.5 5.5 6.8 7.9 7.3 4.8 0.9 –6.0 –17.4 –19.7 –19.6 –14.6
Structures................................................................................... 2.5 8.2 13.2 13.0 12.2 12.3 16.2 18.9 16.5 14.5 7.9 3.2 –12.0 –18.9 –22.9 –24.7
Equipment and software ............................................................ 9.8 8.1 5.9 6.0 1.6 2.7 2.7 3.2 3.1 0.2 –2.7 –10.7 –20.2 –20.2 –17.9 –8.7
Residential ..................................................................................... 2.3 –4.5 –11.0 –15.7 –18.5 –17.5 –17.8 –20.5 –23.5 –24.2 –22.6 –21.0 –23.9 –25.6 –18.9 –12.1
Change in private inventories ............................................................ ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ...........
Net exports of goods and services ................................................... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ...........
Exports .............................................................................................. 8.8 8.3 8.5 10.2 7.0 6.6 11.0 10.2 9.3 11.0 5.4 –3.4 –11.6 –15.0 –10.7 –1.7
Goods ............................................................................................ 10.4 8.8 9.1 9.4 5.8 5.5 9.2 9.0 9.3 11.3 7.0 –3.4 –14.8 –18.9 –13.9 –1.4
Services......................................................................................... 5.4 7.3 6.9 12.0 9.7 9.0 15.3 13.0 9.1 10.4 1.9 –3.5 –4.8 –6.5 –3.3 –2.2
Imports .............................................................................................. 6.5 6.6 7.2 4.1 3.3 2.0 1.7 0.9 –0.8 –1.9 –3.3 –6.8 –16.2 –18.5 –14.0 –7.7
Goods ............................................................................................ 6.4 6.5 7.2 3.6 3.3 1.8 1.1 0.7 –1.4 –2.3 –3.9 –8.1 –18.8 –21.4 –16.1 –8.4
Services......................................................................................... 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.1 3.3 3.4 5.2 2.0 2.6 0.2 –0.4 0.2 –3.6 –3.7 –3.5 –4.5
Government consumption expenditures and gross investment .... 1.6 1.6 0.8 1.5 0.5 1.5 2.3 2.5 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0 1.7 2.5 1.9 1.6
Federal .............................................................................................. 3.6 2.6 0.2 2.2 –2.0 0.7 3.0 3.4 6.9 7.0 7.9 8.9 5.6 6.5 5.2 3.6
National defense............................................................................ 2.1 1.6 –1.6 4.4 –0.2 1.7 4.6 2.6 6.7 6.3 8.6 9.5 6.0 7.7 5.0 3.1
Nondefense ................................................................................... 6.8 4.8 3.9 –2.3 –5.5 –1.4 –0.2 5.2 7.1 8.3 6.3 7.5 4.8 3.9 5.7 4.6
State and local................................................................................... 0.4 0.9 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.5 –0.3 –0.6 0.1 –0.1 0.3
Addenda:
Final sales of domestic product......................................................... 3.3 2.5 1.8 2.8 1.8 2.2 3.0 2.7 2.1 2.1 0.5 –1.4 –2.3 –2.8 –1.7 0.1
Gross domestic purchases................................................................ 3.0 3.0 2.4 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.4 0.8 0.0 –1.2 –2.5 –4.4 –4.8 –3.4 –0.8
Final sales to domestic purchasers ................................................... 3.2 2.6 2.0 2.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.6 0.9 0.4 –0.7 –2.1 –3.5 –3.7 –2.5 –0.9
Gross national product ...................................................................... 2.8 2.8 1.8 2.4 1.3 1.8 3.3 3.3 2.8 1.9 0.1 –2.4 –3.8 –4.0 –2.9 ...........
Real disposable personal income...................................................... 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.6 3.1 2.3 2.3 1.0 0.0 2.2 –0.5 0.3 1.0 0.2 2.1 1.8
Price indexes:
Gross domestic purchases ............................................................ 3.8 3.9 3.4 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.6 3.5 3.3 3.5 4.0 1.9 0.7 –0.2 –0.9 0.6
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy 1 ............... 3.2 3.4 3.2 2.9 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.6
GDP ............................................................................................... 3.3 3.6 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.0 2.6 2.7 2.1 1.9 2.5 1.9 1.9 1.5 0.6 0.7
1
GDP excluding food and energy .................................................. 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.7 1.7 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.7
PCE ............................................................................................... 3.1 3.2 2.8 1.9 2.4 2.4 2.3 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.3 1.7 0.4 –0.2 –0.7 1.3
PCE excluding food and energy 1 .................................................. 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.4
Market-based PCE 2 ...................................................................... 3.1 3.3 2.9 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 4.6 1.9 0.6 –0.1 –0.6 1.4
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy ........................... 2 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.6
2. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, financial services furnished without
payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households.
Table 9. Relation of Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Product, and National Income
[Billions of dollars]
2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

IV I II III IV
Gross domestic product ........................................................................................... 14,077.6 14,441.4 14,258.7 14,347.3 14,178.0 14,151.2 14,242.1 14,463.4
Plus: Income receipts from the rest of the world.......................................................... 861.8 809.2 ................. 714.4 579.6 571.3 590.6 .................
Less: Income payments to the rest of the world .......................................................... 746.0 667.3 ................. 607.4 479.7 478.6 469.1 .................
Equals: Gross national product ............................................................................... 14,193.3 14,583.3 ................. 14,454.3 14,277.9 14,243.8 14,363.7 .................
Less: Consumption of fixed capital .............................................................................. 1,760.0 1,847.1 1,863.7 1,881.0 1,883.6 1,864.0 1,850.7 1,856.4
Less: Statistical discrepancy........................................................................................ –14.8 101.0 ................. 139.4 185.4 161.7 163.2 .................
Equals: National income........................................................................................... 12,448.2 12,635.2 ................. 12,433.9 12,208.9 12,218.1 12,349.7 .................
Compensation of employees.................................................................................... 7,856.5 8,037.4 7,841.3 8,030.3 7,825.8 7,815.9 7,841.5 7,882.1
Wage and salary accruals.................................................................................... 6,402.6 6,540.8 6,335.6 6,523.5 6,327.8 6,313.1 6,333.2 6,368.2
Supplements to wages and salaries .................................................................... 1,453.8 1,496.6 1,505.7 1,506.8 1,498.0 1,502.8 1,508.3 1,513.8
Proprietors’ income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments 1,096.4 1,106.3 1,042.3 1,083.6 1,037.8 1,028.0 1,037.9 1,065.5
Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment ............................. 144.9 210.4 268.3 236.7 245.9 262.0 277.9 287.4
Corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments.... 1,541.7 1,360.4 ................. 1,123.6 1,182.7 1,226.5 1,358.9 .................
Net interest and miscellaneous payments ............................................................... 739.2 815.1 786.2 854.7 826.2 784.4 759.7 774.7
Taxes on production and imports less subsidies...................................................... 974.0 993.8 964.3 982.1 963.2 964.6 955.4 973.8
Business current transfer payments (net) ................................................................ 102.2 118.8 134.0 131.8 137.9 145.4 124.8 128.1
Current surplus of government enterprises ............................................................. –6.6 –6.9 –8.1 –8.9 –10.7 –8.8 –6.3 –6.6
Addendum:
Gross domestic income ........................................................................................... 14,092.5 14,340.4 ................. 14,207.9 13,992.5 13,989.5 14,078.9 .................
Table 10. Personal Income and Its Disposition

[Billions of dollars]
2007 2008 2009 2008 2009
IV I II III IV
Personal income 1 ..................................................................................................... 11,894.1 12,238.8 12,072.1 12,233.5 11,952.7 12,048.8 12,083.9 12,203.1
Compensation of employees, received .................................................................... 7,862.7 8,042.4 7,836.3 8,050.3 7,805.8 7,815.9 7,841.5 7,882.1
Wage and salary disbursements.......................................................................... 6,408.9 6,545.9 6,330.6 6,543.5 6,307.8 6,313.1 6,333.2 6,368.2
Supplements to wages and salaries .................................................................... 1,453.8 1,496.6 1,505.7 1,506.8 1,498.0 1,502.8 1,508.3 1,513.8
Proprietors’ income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments 1,096.4 1,106.3 1,042.3 1,083.6 1,037.8 1,028.0 1,037.9 1,065.5
Farm..................................................................................................................... 39.4 48.7 29.9 39.0 27.3 28.9 25.8 37.4
Nonfarm ............................................................................................................... 1,056.9 1,057.5 1,012.4 1,044.5 1,010.5 999.1 1,012.0 1,028.1
Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment ............................. 144.9 210.4 268.3 236.7 245.9 262.0 277.9 287.4
Personal income receipts on assets ........................................................................ 2,031.5 1,994.4 1,791.5 1,958.1 1,845.5 1,773.4 1,763.1 1,784.0
Personal interest income...................................................................................... 1,266.4 1,308.0 1,236.9 1,292.9 1,243.4 1,241.1 1,234.9 1,228.2
Personal dividend income .................................................................................... 765.1 686.4 554.6 665.2 602.1 532.3 528.2 555.8
Personal current transfer receipts ............................................................................ 1,718.0 1,875.9 2,106.9 1,898.0 1,987.3 2,140.3 2,137.5 2,162.5
Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic .............................. 959.3 990.6 973.2 993.3 969.7 970.9 974.0 978.4
Less: Personal current taxes ....................................................................................... 1,490.9 1,432.4 1,107.6 1,434.3 1,187.3 1,082.6 1,086.1 1,074.4
Equals: Disposable personal income ...................................................................... 10,403.1 10,806.4 10,964.5 10,799.1 10,765.4 10,966.2 10,997.8 11,128.6
Less: Personal outlays................................................................................................. 10,224.3 10,520.0 10,461.8 10,389.9 10,362.3 10,370.5 10,502.8 10,611.8
Equals: Personal saving ........................................................................................... 178.9 286.4 502.7 409.2 403.1 595.7 495.0 516.9
Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income ........................... 1.7 2.7 4.6 3.8 3.7 5.4 4.5 4.6
Addenda:
Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2005)
dollars 2 ................................................................................................................... 9,645.4 9,504.6 9,120.7 9,494.4 9,188.7 9,105.5 9,082.3 9,108.1
Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2005) dollars 2 ............................ 9,860.6 9,911.3 10,035.3 9,920.4 9,926.4 10,077.5 10,042.3 10,095.1
1. Personal income is also equal to national income less corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments, taxes on production and imports less subsidies,
contributions for government social insurance, net interest and miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments (net), current surplus of government enterprises, and wage
accruals less disbursements, plus personal income receipts on assets, and personal current transfer receipts.
2. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures.
Appendix Table A. Real Gross Domestic Product and Related Aggregates and Price Indexes: Percent Change From Preceding Period
2007 2008 2009 2006 2007 2008 2009
Gross domestic product (GDP) and related aggregates:

GDP................................................................................. 2.1 0.4 –2.4 5.4 1.4 0.1 3.0 1.2 3.2 3.6 2.1 –0.7 1.5 –2.7 –5.4 –6.4 –0.7 2.2 5.7
Goods.............................................................................. 3.7 0.4 –5.0 11.8 1.8 0.0 7.2 –0.8 6.2 7.2 7.6 –1.8 1.5 –7.0 –16.4 –8.7 –3.2 6.3 20.9
Services........................................................................... 2.6 1.5 0.5 3.4 2.0 2.0 3.6 2.7 2.1 3.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 –0.4 0.7 –0.9 1.5 1.1 1.7
Structures ........................................................................ –4.4 –5.9 –14.8 0.9 –2.5 –9.8 –10.5 –2.2 2.3 –2.1 –9.4 –10.7 1.3 –5.5 –12.9 –34.0 –9.7 –0.8 –6.2
Motor vehicle output ........................................................ –1.3 –18.4 –24.2 14.4 –7.6 4.0 –10.2 –0.8 6.2 3.5 –10.3 –21.6 –36.2 –6.6 –50.5 –64.5 13.3 131.8 35.3
GDP excluding motor vehicle output ............................... 2.2 1.0 –1.9 5.1 1.8 0.0 3.4 1.3 3.1 3.6 2.5 –0.1 2.6 –2.6 –4.1 –4.9 –0.9 0.8 5.2
Final sales of computers 1 ............................................... 22.1 21.3 0.6 33.3 19.1 12.5 22.4 3.1 28.4 60.9 33.7 9.8 29.1 –3.6 2.9 11.2 –7.3 –13.9 –6.4
GDP excluding final sales of computers.......................... 2.0 0.3 –2.4 5.2 1.3 0.0 2.8 1.2 3.1 3.3 2.0 –0.8 1.3 –2.7 –5.4 –6.5 –0.7 2.3 5.8
Farm gross value added 2 ............................................... –7.6 12.9 7.7 –26.6 71.6 –26.2 –13.2 –6.4 –14.5 –15.0 34.6 40.7 –15.8 24.4 27.9 –3.3 4.0 9.2 4.5
Nonfarm business gross value added 3 ........................... 2.3 –0.1 –3.6 6.8 1.0 –0.1 4.2 0.9 3.7 3.9 1.8 –1.7 1.3 –4.0 –7.6 –8.8 –1.1 2.2 7.2
Price indexes:
GDP................................................................................. 2.9 2.1 1.2 3.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 4.2 2.7 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.8 4.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.4 0.6
GDP excluding food and energy 4 ................................... 2.8 2.3 0.8 3.2 3.6 2.5 2.4 3.8 2.2 1.9 3.2 2.4 2.2 2.9 –0.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.2
GDP excluding final sales of computers.......................... 3.0 2.2 1.3 3.1 3.8 3.2 1.9 4.3 2.8 1.8 2.5 2.0 2.0 4.1 0.2 1.9 0.1 0.5 0.6
Gross domestic purchases.............................................. 2.9 3.2 0.1 2.8 3.6 2.9 1.0 4.2 3.1 2.2 4.6 3.4 3.9 4.3 –3.8 –1.4 0.5 1.3 2.1
Gross domestic purchases excluding food and energy 4 2.7 2.6 0.8 3.1 3.5 2.5 2.4 3.6 2.2 2.1 3.3 2.7 3.0 2.9 –0.6 0.2 0.8 0.3 1.2
Gross domestic purchases excluding final sales of
computers to domestic purchasers.............................. 3.1 3.3 0.2 3.0 3.8 3.0 1.1 4.3 3.2 2.3 4.7 3.5 4.0 4.4 –3.8 –1.4 0.6 1.5 2.2
Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)..................... 2.7 3.3 0.2 1.7 3.0 3.0 –0.1 3.7 3.2 2.3 5.1 3.7 3.9 4.7 –5.0 –1.5 1.4 2.6 2.7
PCE excluding food and energy 4 .................................... 2.4 2.4 1.5 2.0 2.9 2.3 2.1 2.8 1.8 2.3 3.1 2.4 2.4 2.6 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.2 1.4
Market-based PCE 5........................................................ 2.5 3.4 0.3 1.8 3.0 3.1 –0.7 3.6 3.3 1.8 5.2 4.0 4.0 5.1 –5.3 –1.2 1.5 2.8 2.7
Market-based PCE excluding food and energy 5 ............. 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.1 2.9 2.3 1.6 2.5 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.7 1.5 1.9 2.3 1.2 1.1
1. For some components of final sales of computers, includes computer parts.

2. Farm output less intermediate goods and services purchased.
3. Consists of GDP less gross value added of farm, of households and institutions, and of general government.
5. This index is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most implicit prices (for example, financial services furnished without
payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households.
Explanatory Note: NIPA Measures of Quantities and Prices
Current-dollar GDP is a measure of the market value of goods, services, and structures produced
in the economy in a particular period. Changes in current-dollar GDP can be decomposed into quantity
and price components. Quantities, or “real” measures, and prices are expressed as index numbers with the
reference year -- at present, the year 2005 -- equal to 100.
Annual changes in quantities and prices are calculated using a Fisher formula that incorporates
weights from two adjacent years. (Quarterly changes in quantities and prices are calculated using a Fisher
formula that incorporates weights from two adjacent quarters; quarterly indexes are adjusted for
consistency to the annual indexes before percent changes are calculated.) For example, the 2007-08
annual percent change in real GDP uses prices for 2007 and 2008 as weights, and the 2007-08 annual
percent change in GDP prices uses quantities for 2007 and 2008 as weights. These annual changes are
“chained” (multiplied) together to form time series of quantity and price indexes. Percent changes in
Fisher indexes are not affected by the choice of reference year. (BEA also publishes a measure of the
price level known as the implicit price deflator (IPD), which is calculated as the ratio of the current-dollar
value to the corresponding chained-dollar value, multiplied by 100. The values of the IPD are very close
to the values of the corresponding "chain-type" price index.)
Index numbers of quantity and price indexes for GDP and its major components are presented in
this release in tables 5 and 6. Percent changes from the preceding period are presented in tables 1, 4, 7, 8,
and appendix table A. Contributions by major components to the percent change in real GDP are
presented in table 2.
Measures of real GDP and its major components are also presented in dollar-denominated form,
designated "chained (2005) dollar estimates." For most series, these estimates, which are presented in
table 3, are computed by multiplying the current-dollar value in 2005 by a corresponding quantity index
number and then dividing by 100. For example, if a current-dollar GDP component equaled $100 in 2005
and if real output for this component increased 10 percent in 2006, then the chained (2005) dollar value of
this component in 2006 would be $110 (= $100 x 110 / 100). Percent changes calculated from
chained-dollar estimates and from chain-type quantity indexes are the same; any differences will be small
and due to rounding.
Chained-dollar values for the detailed GDP components will not necessarily sum to the chained-dollar
estimate of GDP (or to any intermediate aggregate). This is because the relative prices used as weights
for any period other than the reference year differ from those of the reference year. A measure of the
extent of such differences is provided by a “residual” line, which indicates the difference between GDP
(or other major aggregate) and the sum of the most detailed components in the table. For periods close to
the reference year, when there usually has not been much change in the relative prices that are used as
weights, the residuals tend to be small, and the chained-dollar estimates can be used to approximate the
contributions to growth and to aggregate the detailed estimates. For periods further from the reference
year, the residuals tend to be larger, and the chained-dollar estimates are less useful for analyses of
contributions to growth. Thus, the contributions to percent change shown in table 2 provide a better
measure of the composition of GDP growth. In particular, for components for which relative prices are
changing rapidly, calculation of contributions using chained-dollar estimates may be misleading even just
a few years from the reference year.
Reference: “Chained-Dollar Indexes: Issues, Tips on Their Use, and Upcoming Changes,” November
2003 Survey, pp. 8-16.

News Release: Gross Domestic Product: Fourth Quarter 2009 (Advance Estimate)

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

News Release: Gross Domestic Product: Fourth Quarter 2009 (Advance Estimate)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

News Release: Gross Domestic Product: Fourth Quarter 2009 (Advance Estimate)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NEWS RELEASE

Lisa S. Mataloni: (202) 606-5304 BEA 10-02

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: FOURTH QUARTER 2009 (ADVANCE ESTIMATE)

Gross domestic purchases

Disposition of personal income

Next release – February 26, 2010, at 8:30 A.M. EST for:

Release dates in 2010

Gross Domestic Product

2009: IV and 2009 annual 2010: I 2010: II 2010: III

Advance…… January 29 April 30 July 30 October 29

Preliminary... ……….. May 27 August 27 November 23

Comparisons of Revisions to GDP

Revisions Between Quarterly Percent Changes of GDP: Vintage Comparisons

Vintages Average Average without Standard deviation of

Advance to second..... 0.2 0.5 0.4

Advance to latest............... .5 1.2 .9

Advance to second..... 0.1 0.5 0.4

Advance to latest............... .3 1.3 1.0

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

See “Explanatory Note” at the end of the tables.

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

Percent change at annual rate:

See “Explanatory Note” at the end of the tables.

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

See “Explanatory Note” at the end of the tables.

2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

See “Explanatory Note” at the end of the tables.

Table 6. Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product

2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

Seasonally adjusted at annual rates

2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

Table 10. Personal Income and Its Disposition

Seasonally adjusted at annual rates

2007 2008 2009 2008 2009

I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

Gross domestic product (GDP) and related aggregates:

1. For some components of final sales of computers, includes computer parts.

You might also like