5 Pen PC: by V. Aishwarya 08521A1230 Ivth It

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5 Pen PC

By
V.
Aishwarya
08521A1230
IVth IT

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this technical presentation work entitled 5 PEN PC done at VITAM
college of Engineering, Anandpuram, Visakhapatnam(2008-2012) for B.Tech is of my own
and it has not previously formed the basis for any degree as the title submitted to any
university.
By
V.AISHWARYA
(08521A1230)

A Technical Seminar Report

5 PEN PC
A Technical seminar presentation Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Submitted by
V.AISHWARYA
(08521A1230)
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

VISWANADHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT


(Affiliated to JNTU KAKINADA, Approved by AICTE)
VISAKHAPATNAM
(2008-2012)

VISWANADHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT


COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(Affiliated to JNTU KAKINADA, Approved by AICTE)
VISAKHAPATNAM
(2008-2012)
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

This is to certify that this technical presentation report entitled 5 PEN PC done by
V.AISHWARYA (08521A1230) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award
of degree of Bachelor of Technology in the Department of Information Technology
affiliated to JNTU , Kakinada is a record of bonafied work carried out by her under my
guidance and supervision.
Head of
the Department
Smt. N. RENU
Assoc.Prof.

ABSTRACT

The design concept uses five different pens to make a computer. One
pen is a CPU, another camera, one creates a virtual keyboard, another projects the
visual output i.e., the display and another is the communicator. All five pens can
rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and holds the mass storage.
Each pen communicates wireless, possibly with the help of a Bluetooth.
This 'PEN SORT OF INSTRUMENT' produces both the monitor as
well as the keyboard on any flat surfaces from where you can carry out functions
you would normally do on your desktop computer. This is only an example for the
start of new technology.

INDEX
1. Computer History

2. Varieties of Computers

3. Introduction

4. History of 5 Pen PC

11

5. Components

13

6. Block Diagram

19

7. General Techniques of Pen Computing

20

8. Features of Pen PC

23

9. Merits and Demerits

24

10.Conclusion

25

11.Future Scope

26

12.References

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COMPUTER HISTORY
The development of the modern day computer was the result of
advances in technologies and man's need to quantify. Calculating machines were
sold commercially before the advent of steel manufacturing technologies. Cathode
Ray Tubes (CRTs) have been around since 1885 and the US gov't first used a
computer in the 1950's.
The word computer is an old word that has changed its meaning
several times in the last few centuries. Originating from the Latin, by the mid-17th
century it meant someone who computes. The computer remained associated
with human activity until about the middle of the 20th century when it became
applied to a programmable electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process
data. Today, the word computer refers to computing devices, whether or not they
are electronic, programmable, or capable of storing and retrieving data.
Abacus-4th century BC
Charles Babbage (1791-1871)
ENIAC 1946

ABACUS-4TH CENTURY BC:

The abacus was an early aid for mathematical


computations. Its only value is that it aids the memory of the human performing
the calculation. A skilled abacus operator can work on addition and subtraction
problems at the speed of a person equipped with a hand calculator (multiplication
and division are slower). The abacus is often wrongly attributed to China. In fact,
the oldest surviving abacus was used in 300 B.C. by the Babylonians. The abacus
is still in use today, principally in the far east. A modern abacus consists of rings
that slide over rods.
CHARLES BABBAGE (1791-1871):
In recognition of the high error rate in the calculation of
mathematical tables, Babbage wanted to find a method by which they could be
calculated mechanically, removing human sources of error. He introduced the
logarithmic tables and also the general purpose computer.

Soon after the attempt at making the difference engine crumbled,


Babbage started designing a different, more complex machine called the
Analytical Engine. The engine is not a single physical machine but a succession of
designs. Soon after the attempt at making the difference engine crumbled,
Babbage started designing a different, more complex machine called the
Analytical Engine. The engine is not a single physical machine but a succession of
designs.
ENIAC 1946:

ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator And


Computer. It was the first general-purpose electronic computer which was
a Turing-complete digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full
range of computing problems. The ENIAC was a modular computer, composed of
individual panels to perform different functions. Twenty of these modules were
accumulators, which could not only add and subtract but hold a ten-

digit decimal number in memory.


3

VARIETIES OF COMPUTERS
Computers come in different varieties for different purposes,
with different capabilities and cost. Computers can be classified based on their
technology, function and performance, physical size and cost.
Super Computers
Mainframes
Workstations
Micro Computers
Micro Controllers
Miniature Computers
SUPER COMPUTERS:

Supercomputers are the most powerful, fastest and most


expensive special purpose computers. They are designed for applications
4

which require complex computing and calculations. They are used in space
technology centers, astronomical observatories, airlines, and weather
forecasting stations, military and governmental offices.
MAINFRAMES:

Mainframes are huge, very powerful computer types which


are used in large businesses, governmental offices and corporate companies.
They are ideal for centralized processing, storage and management of
enormous amounts of data.
WORKSTATIONS:
Workstation computers are the same with desktop computer in

size

and

design

but

it

is

built

in

with

more

powerful

processors, memory capacity and high-end graphics display than personal


computers.
5

They are used for resource intensive tasks such as engineering


computing, graphics, game development, computer aided design (AutoCAD)
and other applications which demand more computer processing power.
MICROCOMPUTERS:

The term microcomputer is generally synonymous with personal


computer (PC), or a computer that depends on a microprocessor. They are
designed to be used by individuals.
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DESKTOP COMPUTERS:

Desktop computers are the popular computer types used in most


business computing tasks. As the name implies these types of computers are
designed to fit on or under office desk. They get power from electrical wall
outlet, they dont run with battery.

MINIATURE COMPUTERS:

Miniature computers are small size computers as small as credit card. These
types of computers incorporate some of the features we find on personal
computer.
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INTRODUCTION
The below Photograph show a new concept in personal computing - a
pen-shaped miniaturized PC that users operate via a virtual monitor and keyboard
that the device projects onto any available flat surface. The message suggests that
these handy pen-sized computers may be set to replace existing PC's and laptops
in the near future.

Look closely and guess what they could be....

Are they pens with cameras?

P-ISM (Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package), which is


nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing, stage by NEC
Corporation. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style
cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very
small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function.
All five pens can rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and holds
the mass storage. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range
wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the

cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the
ultimate ubiquitous computing. It is shown below

However, the prototype displayed at ITU Telecom World was


apparently the only sample that was built and reportedly cost $30,000. Thus, while
the prototype may have proved that such technology is feasible, it is currently
unclear when - or even if - personal computers of this type will become available
to the public. Several years on from the initial launch of the P-ISM conceptual
prototype, there seems to be little information available about future plans for
such products. Saying "goodbye" to our current laptop computers might therefore
be just a premature at this point. Pen computing refers to a computer user-

interface using a pen (or stylus) and tablet, rather than devices such as a keyboard
and a mouse Pen computing is also used to refer to the usage of mobile devices
such as wireless tablet PCs, PDAs and GPS receivers.
The term has been used to refer to the usage of any product
allowing for mobile communication. An indication of such a device is a stylus,
generally used to press upon a graphics tablet or touch screen, as opposed to using
a more traditional interface such as a keyboard, keypad, mouse or touch pad. A
revolutionary new miniature computer is being worked on in Japan that comes in
the shape of a pen that you can slip in to your pocket. It projects a monitor and
keyboard on any flat surface that you can begin using like any regular PC
computer. With its Bluetooth technology, it recognizes your key-presses and
input as per usual.
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HISTORY OF 5 PEN PC
Pen computing (defined as a computer system employing a userinterface using a pointing device plus handwriting recognition as the primary
means for interactive user input) predates the use of a mouse and graphical display
by at least two decades, starting with the stylator and RAND tablet systems of the
1950s and early 1960sPen Computing has very deep historical roots. The depth of
these roots can be quite surprising to people who are only familiar with current

commercial products. For example, the first patent for an electronic tablet used for
handwriting was granted in1888.The first patent for a system that recognized
handwritten characters by analyzing the handwriting motion was granted in
1915.The first publicly-demonstrated system using a tablet and handwriting text
recognition instead of a keyboard for working with a modern digital computer
dates to 1956.
However, although a conceptual prototype of the "pen" computer
was built in 2003, such devices are not yet available to consumers. The prototype
device, dubbed the "P-ISM", was a "Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget"
created in 2003 by Japanese technology company NEC. The P-ISM was featured
at the 2003 ITU Telecom World held in Geneva, Switzerland. An article about the
device published on the Wave Report website in 2004 explains:
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At ITU Telecom World we got a sample of another view by NEC.


It is based on the pen and called P-ISM. This concept is so radical that we went to
Tokyo to learn more. The designer of this, Toru Ichihash, said that, in developing
this concept he asked himself-WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF IT WHEN IT IS
SMALL? For this the PEN was a logical choice.
In 2004 at ITU Telecom World a sample of another view by NEC
was presented which was based on the pen and called P-ISM. It was introduced by
the Japanese technology. Pen computer is more mobile than the laptops; this is

more useful for the users to make a use of it in construction places small rooms
etc.

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COMPONENTS

CPU Pen
Communication Pen
Laser Keyboard
Digital Camera
LED Projector
Battery
13
JJJKJJN
CPU Pen:

The functionality of the CPU is done by one of the pen. It also serves
as computing engine. All the arithmetic and logical operations are performed by
this pen as like any other normal CPU. The central processing unit (CPU) is the
portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer
program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. The
central processing unit carries out each instruction of the program in sequence, to
perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system.
This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s.
The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since

the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same.

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Communication Pen:
P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless
technology. They are connected through wireless modes which are made small
and kept in a small pen like device. The whole set is also connected to the Internet
through the cellular phone function. They are connected through Tri-wireless
modes (Blue tooth, 802.11B/G, and Cellular).

This pen also serves as a pointer device. It stores to memory


whatever it writes.
Virtual Laser Keyboard:

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The Virtual Laser Keyboard (VKB) is the ULTIMATE new gadget for PC users.
The VKB emits laser on to the desk where it looks like the keyboard having
QWERTY arrangement of keys i.e., it uses a laser beam to generate a full-size
perfectly operating laser keyboard that smoothly connects to of PC and Most of
the handheld devices (PDA's, tablet PC's).
Features of Laser Keyboard:
VKB settings can be changed by Sound
Controllable Virtual Keyboard sound effects (key clicks)
Connection: Connection to the appropriate Laptop/PC port
Intensity: Intensity of the projected Virtual Keyboard
Timeouts: coordinated timeouts to conserve the Virtual
Keyboard's battery life

Sensitivity: adjustable sensitivity of the Virtual Keyboard


Auto-repeat: Allows the VKB to automatically repeat a key
based on prescribed parameters.

Digital Camera:
We had digital camera in the shape of pen .It is useful in video recording, video
conferencing, simply it is called as web cam.
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It is also connected with other devices through Blue tooth. The major advantage it
is small which is easily portable. It is a 360-Degree Visual Communication
Device. We have seen video phones hundreds of times in movies. However, why
can't we act naturally in front of videophone cameras? Conventional visual

communications at a distance have been limited due to the display devices and
terminals. This terminal enables showing of the surrounding atmosphere and
group-to-group communication with a round display and a central super-wideangle camera.
LED Projector:
The role of monitor is taken by LED Projector which projects
on the screen. The size of the projector is of A4 size.
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It has the approximate resolution capacity of 1024 X 768. Thus it is


gives more clarity and good picture.

Battery:

The most important part in the portable type of computer is its


battery. Usually batteries must be small in size and work for longer time. It comes
with a battery life of 6+. For normal use it can be used for 2 weeks.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

The above picture shows a block diagram of the working of the 5


PEN PC. All the five functions are illustrated clearly in the above diagram. The
CPU pen is connected with the camera and the keyboard. The camera
communicates with the monitor and the keystrokes are visible on the monitor. The
communication pen is a cell phone which has a pointer and an ear piece. In this all
the devices are connected by bluetooth.

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GENERAL TECHNIQUES OF PEN COMPUTING


User interfaces for pen computing can be implemented in
several ways. Actual systems generally employ a combination of these techniques:
Pointing/Locator input:
The tablet and stylus are used as pointing devices, such as
to replace a mouse. Note that a mouse is a relative pointing deviceone uses the
mouse to "push the cursor around" on a screen. However, a tablet is
an absolute pointing deviceone must put the stylus in exactly where the cursor
goes.
There are a number of human factors considerations when actually substituting a
stylus and tablet for a mouse. For example, it is much harder to target or tap the
same exact position twice with a stylus, so "double-tap" operations with a stylus
are harder to perform if the system is expecting "double-click" input from a
mouse. A finger can be used as the stylus on a touch-sensitive tablet surface, such
as with a touch screen.
Handwriting recognition:
The tablet and stylus can be used to replace a keyboard, or
both a mouse and a keyboard, by using the tablet and stylus in two modes:

20

Pointing mode: The stylus is used as a pointing device as above.


On-line Handwriting recognition mode: The strokes made with
the stylus are analyzed as an "electronic ink", by software which
recognizes the shapes of the strokes or marks as handwritten
characters. The characters are then input as text, as if from a
keyboard.
The term "on-line handwriting recognition" is used to distinguish
recognition of handwriting using a real-time digitizing tablet for input, as
contrasted to "off-line handwriting recognition", which is optical character
recognition of static handwritten symbols from paper.
Direct manipulation:
The stylus is used to touch, press, and drag on simulated
objects directly.
Gesture recognition:
This is the technique of recognizing certain special shapes
not as handwriting input, but as an indicator of a special command. For example, a
"pig-tail" shape would indicate a "delete" operation.

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Depending on the implementation, what is deleted might be the


object or text where the mark was made, or the stylus can be used as a pointing
device to select what it is that should be deleted. With Apple's Newton OS, text
could be deleted by scratching in a zigzag pattern over the text which the user
desired to remove. Recent systems have used digitizers which can recognize more
than one "stylus" (usually a finger) at a time, and make use of Multitouch gestures.

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FEATURES OF PEN PC
The PC is capable of storing data in Gigabytes but the Pen computer is
capable of storing Terabyte of data that is much more capacity of storing
data than ordinary PC.
The storage device used for storing data in this pen is a holographic storage
device.
There is e-fingerprint reader on top of the pen allows only the owner to
access the computer
It can be connected to the internet via Bluetooth technology.
The wireless is also useful for transferring data from your pen computer to
your watch which has a holographic storing unit, so no worries anymore in
loss of data.
Touchpad mouse or a Bluetooth mouse can be used for pens.
All five pens can rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and
holds the mass storage. The pen works with a Lithium Battery which gives
long life of usage

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MERITS AND DEMERITS


Merits:
Portable
Feasible
Ubiquitous computing is done.
Wi-Fi technology
Demerits:
Currently Unclear.
Keyboard Concept Is Not New.
Positioning is main.
The power back up is very less.
As it uses BLUETOOTH technique, so there may be some security risks.
One major limitation is PRICE; to just make its sample costed $30,000.

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CONCLUSION
The communication devices are becoming smaller and
compact. This is only an example for the start of this new technology. We can
expect more such developments in the future.

Now the Question arises Can anyone say, 'Good-bye


laptops?' because Pen computer is more mobile than the laptops, this is more
useful for the users to make a use of it in construction places, small rooms etc.
Pen computing is also used to refer to the usage of mobile devices. Thus it is clear
that information terminals are infinitely getting smaller. However, we will
continue to manipulate them with our hands for now

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FUTURE SCOPE

Information Appliances that use National Semiconductiors WebPad


technology are compact web access devices for home or commercial
applications. Weighing approximately three pounds and the size of an
average notebook, WebPad appliances are designed to be comfortable
to use.
The cost of the device is going to get reduced so that even the comman
man can also afford to buy it.
The power back up is going to be increased.

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REFERENCES
1. http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing//penpc.idg
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computing#History
3. http://www.ruggedpcreview.com/pdfs/ future.pdf
4. http://www.newscientist.com/article
5. http://www.pegatech.com

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