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AMS 147 Computational Methods and Applications Exercise #7: GX B X

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58 views3 pages

AMS 147 Computational Methods and Applications Exercise #7: GX B X

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AMS 147 Computational Methods and Applications

Exercise #7

1. Consider a set of N data points:

( xi , yi ) ,

i = 1, 2, , N

Consider a fitting function of the form


g ( x ) = b1 x
The undetermined coefficient b1 satisfies a linear equation (1  1 linear system).
Write out that linear equation and write out the solution b1.
Answer:

 
g1 = x

G = ( g1 )

  N
GT G = xT x =  x j 2
j =1

 N
c = GT y =  x j y j
j =1

Coefficient b1 satisfies

(G G ) b
T

= c,

 N 2
 N

x
=
x
y
b


j
1
j
j




 j =1 
 j =1

Solving for b1, we obtain

 N

x
y

j
j


 j =1

b1 =
 N 2
  xj 
 j =1 

-1-

which is

AMS 147 Computational Methods and Applications

   2 
 
2. Verify that u ( x, t ) = sin  x  exp     t  satisfies the initial value problem
L 
  L 
ut = u x x



u ( x, 0 ) = sin  L x



Answer:

ux x

2
   2 

 
=    sin  x  exp     t 
 L
L 
  L 

2
   2 

 
ut =    sin  x  exp     t 
 L
L 
  L 

ut = u x x

==>

   2 
 
 
u ( x, 0 ) = sin  x  exp     0  = sin  x 
L 
L 
  L 

3. Suppose g(t) is periodic with period = T.


Write out the composite trapezoidal rule for calculating
T

 g (t ) dt
0

Answer:
T

N 1

j=0

 g (t ) dt  t  g j

4. In an experiment, 1024 points are sampled in every second.

What is the sampling rate of this experiment?

Answer: The sampling rate is 1024 Hz.

What is the Nyquist frequency of this experiment?

Answer: The Nyquist frequency is 512 Hz (half of the sampling rate).

-2-

AMS 147 Computational Methods and Applications

Is this sampling able to distinguish a frequency of 16 Hz from a frequency of


256+16=272 Hz? And why?

Answer: This sampling is able to distinguish a frequency of 16 Hz from a frequency of


256+16=272 Hz because both frequencies are within the range of the Nyquist frequency.

Is this sampling able to distinguish a frequency of 16 Hz from a frequency of


1024+16=1040 Hz? And why?

Answer: This sampling is unable to distinguish a frequency of 16 Hz from a frequency of


1024+16=1040 Hz because 1040 Hz appears as 16 Hz.

A frequency of 1027 Hz appears as a low frequency. What is that low frequency?

Answer: A frequency of 1027 Hz appears as 1027-1024=3 Hz.

5. The Nyquist frequency of an experiment is 400 Hz. What is the sampling rate of the
experiment?
Answer: The sampling rate is 800 Hz (twice the Nyquist frequency).

6. Consider the discrete Fourier transform


Y = DFT ( F )
where both the input F and the output Y are vectors of size N

(N > 2000).

We refer to components of Y as Y (1) , Y ( 2 ) , , Y ( N  1) , Y ( N ) .

Write out c2 in terms of a component of Y.

Answer:

c2 =

1
Y ( N  1)
N

Write out c1 in terms of a component of Y.

Answer:

c1 =

1
Y (N )
N

-3-

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