Syed Osama Farees* et al.

/ (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH

Volume No.2, Issue No. 3, April May 2014, 991 994.

Performance Comparison between SVC and

STATCOM for Reactive Power Compensation by
Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
SYED OSAMA FAREES
M.Tech, Dept. of EEE
SNIST, Hyderabad.

M.T.L.GAYATRI
Asst. Professor, Dept. of EEE
SNIST, Hyderabad.

Dr.K.S UMANTH
Prof & Head, Dept. o f EEE
SNIST, Hyderabad

Abstract: The performances comparison between SVC and S TATCOM controller for compensating the
reacti ve power by using the control techni que i.e. wi th fuzzy controller and without fuzzy controller to
improve the voltage stability. Improvi ng the system reacti ve power handling capacity vi a Flexi ble AC
trans mission System (FACTS) devices is a remedy for prevention of vol tage instability. This paper
compares the SVC and STATCOM i n static voltage stability i mprovement and the performance of the
STATCOM is better compare with that of the conventional SVC.A Simul ations using MATLAB /
SIMULINK are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed controllers and paper deals only
wi th power -factor correction mode and show the Total Harmonic Distorti on.
Key Words: SVC, STATCOM, FUZZY LOGIC CONTOLLER.
I.

INTRODUCTION

In Modern electric power utilities are facing many

challenges problems due to ever
increasing
demand and voltage is attending instability by
increases in loss and various power quality
problems. After studying several researches works
in the field of compensation of Reactive Power and
demand for controllable reactive power source has
gone up mainly for efficient and dependable
operation of ac electric power system. The rapid
development of the high-power electronics industry
has made Flexible AC Transmission System
(FACTS) devices attractive for utility applications.
Static Var Co mpensator (SVC) has been widely
used for compensating of reactive power. These
types of compensation have some disadvantages
big size, more losses and slower response. Today,
inverter based power quality conditioner devices
have been proposed for improving the power
quality problems in distribution systems because of
their fast response, small size and low losses. , the
static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is
one of the facts devices. The STATCOM is an
inverter for improving the power quality
performances by connected in shunt type with ac
system. It playing important roles in reactive power
provision, voltage regulation and improving
performances of the transient stability of power
systems; because of its attractive steady state
performance. It is used for load balancing, voltage
regulation and harmonic filtering in distribution
system. In this paper Comparison performances
between SVC and STATCOM controller by using
the control technique i.e. with fu zzy controller and
without fuzzy controller. Moreover, STATCOM
does not significantly alter the existing system
impedance which gives it an advantage over the
SVC. Also, the performance of the STATCOM is
compared with that of the conventional SVC.A
Fuzzy logic new control method for SVC and

ISS N 2320 5547

STATCOM is proposed and applied for damp ing

oscillations. Simu lations using MATLAB /
SIMULINK are carried out to verify the
performance of the proposed controller. This paper
deals only with power-factor correct ion mode and
show the Total Harmonic Distortion.
II.

STATIC VAR COMPENS ATOR

The SVC is a shunt type of FACTS devices family

using power electronics to regulate voltage, control
power flow and improve transient stability in
power system. The main construction of SVC, is
thyristor switched capacitor(s), TSC, and thyristorcontrolled reactor(s), TCR, together with filters.
The filters are used to remove low-frequency
harmonics produced by the TCR. With proper
coordination of the capacitor switching and reactor
control, the reactive power output can be varied
continuously between the capacitive and inductive
ratings of the equipment to regulate the ac voltage.

Fig 1: Schematic circuit Diagram of SVC

III.

STATCOM CONTROLLER

The STATCOM consists of a coupling transformer,

a voltage-sourced inverter, a control system and a
dc capacitor. The STATCOM is a shunt device of
the FACTS family and it improves transient
stability on power grids. The STATCOM regulates

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Syed Osama Farees* et al. / (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.2, Issue No. 3, April May 2014, 991 994.

voltage at its terminals by controlling the amount

of reactive power in jected into or absorbed from
the power system. For purely reactive power flow
the three phase voltages of the STATCOM must be
maintained in phase with the system voltages. The
variation of reactive power is performed by means
of a VSC connected through a coupling
transformer. The VSC uses forced commutated
power electronics devices (GTO's or IGBT's) to
synthesize the voltage fro m a dc voltage source. A
capacitor connected on the DC side of the VSC acts
as a dc voltage source.

Choose the inputs to FLC (INPUT -CRISP): The

inputs to FLC used in this study are generator
terminal voltage deviation and generator speed
deviation which are given
Vc(pu)=Vref -Vf
w(pu)=w-wo
Where
Vt = generator terminal voltage;
Vref=Reference voltage;

i.

=synchronous speed of generator;

= speed of generator;
Choose membership functions to represent the
inputs and outputs in fuzzy set notation
(FUZZIFICATION): Triangular member ship
functions were selected for this study as
shown with five linguistic variab les chosen as
large positive (LP), Small positive (SP), Very
small (VS), Small negative (SN), Large
Negative (LN) for both inputs and outputs.
The values of the axes are g iven in Appendix.

Fig 2: Schematic Diagram of a STATCOM

controller
A STATCOM can improve power-system
Performance like: dynamic voltage control in
transmission and distribution systems, poweroscillation damp ing in power- transmission
systems, transient stability; voltage flicker control
and control of not only reactive power.
IV.

FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER

Fuzzy logic control essentially involves the

derivation of a control law fro m heuristic and
imprecise (fu zzy ) ru les. The configuration of the
Fuzzy logic control system that is employed for
designing the Fuzzy supplementary controller. The
FLC contains four main co mponents, the
fuzzification interface (FUZZIFICATION), the
knowledge base (FUZZY RULE BASE), the
decision making logic (FUZZY INFERENCE
ENGINE)
and
defuzzification
interface
DEFUZZIFICATION).A Mamdani type double
input single output (DISO) FLC has been designed.

Fig 3 : Fuzzy logic controller

The follo wing steps are involved in the designing
fuzzy logic controller.

ISS N 2320 5547

Fig 4 : Triangular member ship function

ii. Develop fuzzy rules set of decision rules
relating the inputs to the controller with the
output are compiled and stored in the memory
in the form of decision table. Twenty five rules
for the present study are developed as follows.
Twenty four rules are formed in the same way
as shown in the Table I.

iii. Since there are N (five) membership functions

for each input, there are N2 (twenty five)
possible combinations resulting in M (five)
values for the decision variable u. All the
possible combinations of inputs, called states,
and the resulting control are arranged in a
(N2xM ) fuzzy relationship matrix. The
membership values for the output characterized
by the M linguistic variables are then obtained
fro m the intersection of N2 values of
membership
function
/l(x)
with
the
corresponding values of each decision variables
in the fuzzy relat ionship matrix.

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Syed Osama Farees* et al. / (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.2, Issue No. 3, April May 2014, 991 994.

iv. Defu zzy

to
obtain
(DEFUZZIFICATION):

crisp

output

The output FLC is converted to crisp value by

Centre or Gravity (COG) method in this study.
The crisp value of FLC in COG is expressed.

Fig 8: Machine signals

Fig 5: SIMULINK model of the fuzzy logic
controller (FLC)
V.

SIMULATION RES ULTS

The performance of the STATCOM along with the

proposed control strategy is demonstrated and
discussed in this section. Moreover, the
performance of the STATCOM is compared with
that of the conventional SVC during different
faulty operating conditions and for different system
strength SCR. Simu lations using MATLAB /
SIMULINK are carried out to verify the
performance of the proposed
controllers. The
performances between SVC and STATCOM
controller by using the control technique i.e. with
fuzzy controller and without fuzzy controller. Also,
the performance of the STATCOM is co mpared
with that of the conventional SVC.A Fuzzy logic
new control method for SVC and STATCOM is
proposed and applied for damping oscillations.
Simu lations using MATLAB / SIMULINK are
carried out to verify the performance of the
proposed controller.

Fig 6 : Simulation circuit diagram SVC without

fuzzy

Fig 7: voltage and power of b1,b2,b3 buses

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Fig 9 : Simulation circuit diagram SVC with

fuzzy

Fig 10: voltage and power of b1,b2,b3 buses with

fuzzy

Fig 11: Machine signals with fuzzy

Fig12 : Simulation circuit diagram STATCOM

with PI

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Page | 993

Syed Osama Farees* et al. / (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.2, Issue No. 3, April May 2014, 991 994.

VI.

Fig 13: Machine signals with PI for STATCOM

CONCLUS ION

A comparison study of SVC and STATCOM in

static voltage stability imp rovement is presented.
Performances comparison between the SVC and
STATCOM in static voltage stability improvement
and the performance of the STATCOM is better
compared with that of the conventional SVC.A
Fuzzy logic new control method for SVC and
STATCOM is proposed and applied for damp ing
oscillations. Simu lations using MATLAB /
SIMULINK are carried out to verify the
performance of the proposed controllers and
paper deals only with power-factor correct ion
mode, Reactive Power Co mpensation and show the
Total Harmonic Distortion.
REFERENCES

Fig 14: total harmonic distortion for statcom with

PI

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Margin
Enhancement
Using
STATCOM, TCSC and SSSC, IEEE/PES
Transmission and Distribution Conference
& Exh ibition, Asia and pacific, Dalian Ch ine,
2005

Fig15: Simulation circuit diagram STATCOM

with fuzzy logic controller

[3] C. A. Canlzares, Z. T. Faur, "Analysis SVC

and TCSC Controllers in Voltage Collapse,"
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[5] I. Prabhakar Reddy, B.V. Sanker Ram,
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Fig 16: Machine signals with fuzzy for

STATCOM

[6] Carlos A.c. Cavaliere, Edson H. atana be and

Mauricio Aredes, "Analysis and operation of
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[7] A.H.M.A. Rahim, H.M. Al-Maghrabi and
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Fig 17: Total harmonic distortion for statcom

with fuzzy

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