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    50-70% E. Coli Strains 5-15% Klebsiella Pneumoniae 5-15% Enterobacteriaceae or Enterococci

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    Mrs Rehan
    1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria lodging and multiplying in the urinary tract from the pelvis to the bladder, with E. coli being the most common cause. 2. The urinary tract is normally sterile except for the lower part of the urethra. Urinary tract infections can be either upper tract infections like pyelonephritis, or lower tract infections like cystitis. 3. Common causative organisms of community-acquired urinary tract infections include E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis.

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    50-70% E. Coli Strains 5-15% Klebsiella Pneumoniae 5-15% Enterobacteriaceae or Enterococci

    Uploaded by

    Mrs Rehan
    43 views7 pages
    1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria lodging and multiplying in the urinary tract from the pelvis to the bladder, with E. coli being the most common cause. 2. The urinary tract is normally sterile except for the lower part of the urethra. Urinary tract infections can be either upper tract infections like pyelonephritis, or lower tract infections like cystitis. 3. Common causative organisms of community-acquired urinary tract infections include E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis.

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    UTI - Copy

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    1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria lodging and multiplying in the urinary tract from the pelvis to the bladder, with E. coli being the most common cause. 2. The urinary tract is normally sterile except for the lower part of the urethra. Urinary tract infections can be either upper tract infections like pyelonephritis, or lower tract infections like cystitis. 3. Common causative organisms of community-acquired urinary tract infections include E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis.

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    43 views7 pages

    50-70% E. Coli Strains 5-15% Klebsiella Pneumoniae 5-15% Enterobacteriaceae or Enterococci

    Uploaded by

    Mrs Rehan
    1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacteria lodging and multiplying in the urinary tract from the pelvis to the bladder, with E. coli being the most common cause. 2. The urinary tract is normally sterile except for the lower part of the urethra. Urinary tract infections can be either upper tract infections like pyelonephritis, or lower tract infections like cystitis. 3. Common causative organisms of community-acquired urinary tract infections include E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis.

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    Definition

    A significant bacteriuria in the presence of

    symptoms
    Lodgment and multiplication of bacteria in the
    urinary tract from pelvis to bladder
    Bacteria most often of faecal origin
    Common causes of acute UTIs:
    50-70% = E. coli strains
    5-15% = Klebsiella pneumoniae
    5-15% = Enterobacteriaceae or enterococci

    Urinary Tract
    Only lower part of urethra has a resident bacterial flora
    Rest of the urinary tract is normally sterile

    Urinary Tract Infection


    Upper urinary tract Infections:
    Pyelonephritis
    Lower urinary tract infections
    Cystitis (traditional UTI)
    Urethritis (often sexually-transmitted)
    Prostatitis

    Definitions
    Bacteriuria

    Presence of bacteria in the urine

    Pyuria

    Presence of WBCs in the urine

    Cystitis

    UTI associated with superficial mucosa o f


    bladder

    Pyelonephritis

    UTI of renal parenchyma and or collection system

    Uncomplicated UTI

    Infection involving structurally and functionally


    normal urinary tract (simple UTI)

    Complicated UTI

    Infection involving structurally and functionally


    abnormal urinary tract

    Urethritis

    Infection of the urethra


    4

    Causative agents
    Community

    -acquired
    Escherichia coli
    Proteus mirabilis
    Klebsiella
    pneumoniae
    Enterococcus
    faecalis
    Staphylococcus
    species

    Hospital acquired
    Pseudomonas
    aeruginosa
    Candida albicans
    AND (community

    acquired)
    Mycobacterium
    tuberculosis (renal TB )

    Urinary Tract Infection


    (UTI)
    Background
    1.
    Bacterial infections of urinary tract are a
    very common reason to seek health services
    2.
    Common in young females and uncommon
    in males under age 50
    3.
    Common causative organisms
    a. Escherichia coli (gram-negative enteral
    bacteria) causes most community acquired
    infections
    b. Staphylococcus saprophyticus, grampositive organism causes 10 15%
    c. Catheter-associated UTIs caused by gramnegative bacteria: Proteus, Klebsiella, Seratia,
    Pseudomonas

    Urinary Tract Infection


    Normal mechanisms that maintain sterility of
    (UTI)
    urine
    a.
    b.

    Adequate urine volume


    Free-flow from kidneys through urinary
    meatus
    c. Complete bladder emptying
    d. Normal acidity of urine
    e. Peristaltic activity of ureters and
    competent ureterovesical junction
    f. Increased intravesicular pressure
    preventing reflux
    g. In males, antibacterial effect of zinc in
    prostatic fluid

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