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Midterm Study Guide: Math: Topic: Number Systems Essential Question: What Are The Different Types of Number Systems?

This study guide covers several topics in number systems and graphing. It introduces the four main types of number systems - counting numbers, whole numbers, integers, and rational numbers - and explains their relationships. It also discusses absolute value and additive inverses, using integers to represent real-world situations, and four-quadrant graphing. Practice problems are provided for each topic.

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184 views4 pages

Midterm Study Guide: Math: Topic: Number Systems Essential Question: What Are The Different Types of Number Systems?

This study guide covers several topics in number systems and graphing. It introduces the four main types of number systems - counting numbers, whole numbers, integers, and rational numbers - and explains their relationships. It also discusses absolute value and additive inverses, using integers to represent real-world situations, and four-quadrant graphing. Practice problems are provided for each topic.

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Midterm Study Guide: Math

Class 603

Topic: Number Systems


Essential Question: What are the different types of number systems?
There are four main types of number systems.
1] Counting Numbers are numbers that start at 1 and go on forever and ever.
2] Whole Numbers are numbers that start at 0 and go on forever and ever.
3] Integers are whole numbers that include both negatives and positives.
4] Rational Numbers are numbers that include all integers, fractions, decimals, and
percents. All rational numbers can be expressed as a/b.
Infinite numbers go on forever.
Finite numbers do not go on forever.
All
-rational numbers include integers, whole and counting numbers
-integers include whole and counting numbers
-whole numbers include counting numbers
Practice
Using this information, write two sentences that shows the relationship between any two
types of numbers and the relationship between any real-life situation (ex. All boys are
humans, but not all humans are boys- do not use this as your example).
1.__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Topic: Absolute Value (Numbers and Their Opposites, aka Additive Inverse)
Essential Question: How is the additive inverse related to absolute value?
Absolute value describes how far a number is from zero.
|21| The absolute value is 21, because 21 is 21 spaces from zero.
|-34| The absolute value is 34, because -34 is 34 spaces from zero.
There is never negative absolute value UNLESS there is a negative sign outside
of the absolute value.

-|-7| The absolute value is -7, because the absolute value of -7 is 7, but the negative (-)
sign outside of the absolute value gives it is negative value.
Hint: When looking at absolute value, ignore all positive/negative value inside the
absolute value. Take the number, and this is your absolute value.
The negative sign is used to decide whether a number is negative or not.
-3
This number is negative because there is one negative sign.
-(-(-3) This number is also negative because there are three negative signs,
representing negative, positive, negative.
-(-2) This number is positive because there are two negative signs, representing
negative, positive.
Hint: To find the negative/positive quality of a number, use the number of
negatives there are. Two negatives equal a positive, three negatives equal a
negative, and so on (evens are positives, odds are negatives).
Practice
Find the opposite of each number.
+12; ______
-5; ______
0; _____
-(-8); _____

+4; ______
-(-(-15); _____

Label from least to greatest, then greatest to least.


1.5, |-7.2|, -(-(-45), 7
________________________________

________________________________

7.4, |9|, -|-4|, 8.3, -(-(-66.7)


________________________________

________________________________

Topic: Situations with Integers


Essential Question: How can a real world situation be represented with integers?
A plane lands at the altitude of 75 meters below sea level.

This is an example of a real world situation that can be represented with integers.
First, take all of the unnecessary information out.
A plane lands at the altitude of 75 meters below sea level.
Using the number 75, we need to include its positive and negative qualities. Take
a look at the word below. On the vertical number line, the term below
represents a negative. Therefore, this situation can be represented as -75.
Below 75 = -75
Here is another one:
You place a deposit of $198.00.
Again, take all of the unnecessary information out.
You place a deposit of $198.00.
The word deposit means to add money or value, usually into a bank. So, you
are adding money, which is giving yourself more money. And so, this situation
can be represented as +198.
Deposit $198.00 = +198
[WORD PROBLEM] In Cincinnati, Ohio, the temperatures in winter 1900 were 5
degrees below zero. In Miami, Florida, the temperatures in winter 1900 were 73
degrees above zero.
A. Which temperature has the least absolute value?
B. Write in integers the temperature for Cincinnati and Miami.

Topic: One and Four Quadrant Graphing


Essential
do we
quadrants?

Question: How
graph on all

This is a four quadrant graph. In one quadrant graphing, only the first quadrant is
used.
The coordinate plane is the term for the graph. The origin of the graph is (0,0).
To understand the location of a point on the graph, you need to understand the xaxis and the y-axis.
The x-axis is the one that runs horizontally, and the y-axis is the one that runs
vertically.

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