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8.8 Day 1 Notes

This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions including examples of exponential decay, growth, and finding equations of exponential functions. It provides examples of using exponential functions to model depreciation of cars, radioactive decay, population growth, and finding equations that fit given points.

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28 views5 pages

8.8 Day 1 Notes

This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions including examples of exponential decay, growth, and finding equations of exponential functions. It provides examples of using exponential functions to model depreciation of cars, radioactive decay, population growth, and finding equations that fit given points.

Uploaded by

elamat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8.

8 Day 1 Using Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Exponential Decay: The depreciation of the value of a car


is an example of exponential decay. When a quantity
decreases by a fixed percent each year, or other period of
time, the amount y of that quantity after t years is given by:

where a is the initial amount and r is the rate of decay.


Ex 1) A cup of coffee contains 130 milligrams of caffeine. If
caffeine is eliminated from the body at a rate of 11% per hour,
how long will it take for half of this caffeine to be eliminated
from a persons body?

Exponential Decay: Another model for exponential decay is


given by:
where k is a constant.
* This model is used by scientists to solve problems involving
radioactive decay.
Ex 2) The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for
half the atoms of the substance to become disintegrated. All life on
Earth contains the radioactive element Carbon-14, which decays
continuously at a fixed rate. The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5760
years. That is, every 5760 years half of a mass of Carbon-14 decays
away.
a) What is the value of k for Carbon-14?

b) A paleontologist examining the bones of a woolly mammoth


estimates that they contain only 3% as much Carbon-14 as they
would have contained when the animal was alive. How long ago
did the mammoth die?

Exponential Growth: When a quantity increases by a fixed


percent each time period, the amount y of that quantity after t time
periods is given by:

where a is the initial amount and r is the rate of growth.


Ex 3) In 1910, the population of a city was 120,000. Since then,
the population has increased by exactly 1.5% per year. If the
population continues to grow at this rate, what will the population
be in 2010?

Exponential Growth: Another model for exponential growth,


preferred by scientists, is given by:

where k is a constant.
Ex 4) In 2007, the population of Georgia was 9.36 million people.
In 2000, it was 8.18 million.
a. Determine the value of k, Georgias relative rate of growth.

b. When will Georgias population reach 12 million people?

c. Michigans population in 2000 was 9.9 million and can be


modeled by
. Determine when Georgias population
will surpass Michigans.

Find Equations of Exponential Functions


Ex 5) Find an equation of an exponential function that passes
through (2, 36) and (1, 12) with an asymptote at y = 0.

Ex 6) Find an equation of an exponential function that passes


through (4, 26) and (6, 8) with an asymptote at y = 5.

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