Scribd
Upload
21 views8 pages

First-Order Circuits: Presented By: Gabriel Bacani

First-order circuits are characterized by first-order differential equations. RC and RL circuits exhibit first-order behavior. A first-order circuit contains either a resistor-capacitor or resistor-inductor combination. The basic circuit elements are resistors, inductors, and capacitors. Resistors obey Ohm's law, inductors store energy in magnetic fields, and capacitors store energy in electric fields. Series RL circuits can have either natural or step responses depending on the initial conditions and presence of a DC source. The current, voltage, and energy stored change gradually in first-order circuits according to their differential equations.

Uploaded by

khrid3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views8 pages

First-Order Circuits: Presented By: Gabriel Bacani

First-order circuits are characterized by first-order differential equations. RC and RL circuits exhibit first-order behavior. A first-order circuit contains either a resistor-capacitor or resistor-inductor combination. The basic circuit elements are resistors, inductors, and capacitors. Resistors obey Ohm's law, inductors store energy in magnetic fields, and capacitors store energy in electric fields. Series RL circuits can have either natural or step responses depending on the initial conditions and presence of a DC source. The current, voltage, and energy stored change gradually in first-order circuits according to their differential equations.

Uploaded by

khrid3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

First-Order Circuits

PRESENTED BY: GABRIEL BACANI

First-Order Circuits
oA first-order circuit is characterized by
a first-order differential equation.
oKirchoffs law is also applied but
unlike with the resistive circuits, RC
and RL Circuits are of the first order
differential equations.

Basic Elements of the Network


Resistor

is a two terminal component. It produces a voltage across


its terminals that is proportional to the electric current passing
through it in accordance with Ohms Law.
Inductor
is a passive electrical component that can store energy in a
magnetic field created by the electric current passing through it
Capacitor
A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores
energy in the form of an electrostatic field. It consists of two
conducting plates separated by an insulating material called
the dielectric.

Series RL Circuit
RL CIRCUIT W/ NATURAL
RESPONSE
Where the energy is assumed to be initially stored in
capacitive or inductive element

RL CIRCUIT W/ STEP RESPONSE


Where DC sources are considered in the circuit

Initial Conditions
For resistor:
The current through a resistor will change instantaneously if the
voltage changes instantaneously. Similarly instantaneously if the
voltage will change instantaneously if the current changes
instantaneously.
For Inductor:
Voltage across the inductor is proportional to the rate of change
of current. It is impossible to change the current through an
inductor by a finite amount in zero time. An inductor does not
allow an abrupt change in the current through it.

For Capacitor:
Current through a capacitor is proportional to the rate
of change of voltage. It is impossible to change the
voltage across a capacitor by a finite amount in zero
time.

CIRCUIT DERIVATION

SAMPLE PROBLEM
Suppose that a 24 V battery is conected to a circuit
with a resistor of 10ohms and an inductor of 24 mH
a) Find the current at t= 0 seconds; that is, at the
moment we connect the battery
b)What is the time constant and what does it
represent?
c) How long does it take for the current to reach
99% of its maximum value?

You might also like