DESIGN OF TANK

_ :COURVING DOME (1
a = (R2 +Y2)/2Y
a = (7.52+3.52)/2*3.5 = 9.78
= W = own weight + covering materials +live load
t/m2 0.5 = 100 + 50 + 2500* 0.14 =
- :Internal force

- :At crown

N = N = W a /2
N = N =0.5 *9.8 / 2 = 2.46 (compression)
Check of
. = N /Ac =2.46* 103 /(100*14) = 2.46 kg/cm2 < 45 O.K.

Use min steel 5 8 / m

- :At footing

W = W *As = W (2 a y )
W = 0.5 * 2 * 9.8 * 3.5 = 107.75
= V = W / 2 r = 107.75/ 2 * 7.5
t\m 2.2866 =
= N = V/ sin = 2.2866 / 0.76
t/ m 3.0 =
N = N = Pr * a = W * a cos
N = 0.5 * 9.8 * .64 = 3.15 + 3.0

N = 0.15 t/m

X = 0.6 a * t1 = 0.75 m
Mf = W*X2 /2 = 0.13 m.t (neglected)
. = N / Ac = 3.0 * 103 /(100 * 15) = 1.48 kg/cm2 < 45 O.K.

'Use steel 58 / m
- ;Beam B1 (2

H = V/ tan = 2.286 \ 1.19

't/m 1.92 =
T = ring tension = H * R = 1.92 *7.5
t 14.4 =
The beam section will design as uncracked section
b * t = 60 t .
b * t = 60 * 14.4
Assume b = t/2
t2 / 2 = 864 .
t = 41.5

take t = 50 com , b = 25 cm
As = T/ Fs = 14.4 /1.4 = 10.28 cm2
As/one side = 10.28/2 = 5.14 cm2
Chose 316 (6.03)
ft = (Ac + As ) = 14.4 * 103/( 25* 50+10*2*6.03)
= 12.06 kg/cm2 < fcto O.K.
3) Wall: t = 0.4 H R =0.4 * 1 * 4 * 7.5
= 12
take t = 20 cm
H2 /Dt
= 42/15 * 0.2 = 5.7
For a wall with hinged base:
From table 2:
Tmax =coeff. ( H R)
= 0.617 * 1 * 4 * 7.5
=18.5 t/m
From table 8:
M+ve= coeff ( H3)
= 0.0057* 1 * 43
= 0.364 m. t / m
From table 12:
Q = coeff ( H2)
= 0.121* 1 * 42
= 1.93 t/m
For a wall wit fixed base:
From table 7:
M-ve= coeff ( H3)
= -0.0222* 1 * 43
= -1.42 m. t
V1 = V + c H tw
V1 = 2.2866 + 2.5 * 4 * 0.2
= - 4.2866 t / m

Design of sections in the wall: IN horizontal direction (ring action)

Tmax = 18.5 t/m
. t = 0.6 T = 0.6 * 18.5 =11.1 take t = 20 cm
As = T/ Fs = 18.5/1.4 = 13.2cm2/m
As/side = 13.2/2 = 6.6 cm2/m
Choose 813/m
ft =T/(Ac + As)
= 12.43 kg/cm2 < fcto O.K.
In the vertical direction (cantilever action)
Mmax = -1.42 m.t & N = -4.28 (stage 1)
. t = M/3b -3 = (1.42 * 105 /3*100) 3
= 20.3
take t = 25 cm
ft = 6M/ bt2 N / bt
= 15.93 kg /cm2 < fc O.K.
For As:
. e =M/N = 0.5 m e/t = 2.5 > 0.5 big ecc.
. es = e +t /2 cover = 0.52m
Ms = N . es = 4.28 * 0.52 = 2.25 m.t
. d = 22 cm = k1 Ms / b
k1 = 0.46 , fc =37 kg/cm2 k2 = 1270
As = M/(k2*d) N/Fs
= 4.96 cm2 / m

Choose 710/ m
For M+ve:
M+ve = 0.36 m .t

& N= 4.28 t
Choose 510/m

4)Ring Beam B2:-

H1 = V1 / tan = 4.28 t/ m
P = H1 + Q = 4.22 + 1.93 = 6.15 t/m
T = P* R = 6.15 * 7.5 = 46.125 t
. b * t = 60 T
Assume b= t/2
then t = 74.4 take t = 75 cm & b = 35 cm
As = T/Fs = 46.125 / 1.4 = 32.92 cm2
As /one side = 32.92/ 2 = 16.45 cm2
Choose 6 19
Ft = t / (Ac + As )
= 13.09 kg/ cm2 O.K.
5) Dome: -

as dome 1 a = 9.78m
find y = 0.18 m , R =1.8
W = t * c =0.4 * 2.5 = 1 t/ m2

Section 1:
N1 = W a1 /2
N1 = (Wcos +w. H1) a/2
= (1.0cos50 + 1* 4.0) 9.78* 2/2 = 24.7 t / m
N1=V1/sin = 4.28/ sin50 = 5.587c
Section 2
N2=(w.cos + .H2) .a2/2
N2=(1cos50+ 1.0*5.0) 6.5* cos/2 = 28.53 t/m
V2=W2/(2 r 2)
V2=(V1.2 r1 +weight of water +weight of upper half of dome) /(2r2)
V2=(V1.2r1+( r12 r22){(H1+H2)/2}w + 2(r1+r2)2s.w/2)/(2r2)
V2=(4.28*2*7.5+(56-42.25)*(4+5)/2*1+2*(7.5+6.5)/2*2*1)/2*6.5)=
V2=10.6 t/m
N2=V2/sin
N2=10.6/sin50=13.66 t/m
Section 3
N3=[w.cos+ .H3).a3/2 cos
N3=[1*cos50+1*6.0]*5.5/2cos50=28.4 t/m
V3 = W3/(2r3)
V3=[V1. 2r1 + weight of water +weight of dome] / (2r3)
V3=[V1.2r1 + (r12-r32).(H1+H3)/2.w+2(r1+r3)2s.w/2]/(2r3)
V3=[4.28*25.5+(56-30)*{(4+6)/2}*1+2(7.5+5.5)22*1]/(2*5.5)
V3=22.78 t/m
N3=V3/sin
N3=22.78 / sin50 = 29.74 t/m
6-Dome
a = 9.78 m , y =0.1m , R = 1.4
W= t2.c= 1 t/m2
Internal Forces
At crown
N=N=w.a/2
N=N=(w1 + w.H1).a/2
N=N=(1+1*7.)1.4/2=6.54 t/m

At footing
W=weight of dome +weight of water
W=W As +volume of water *w
W=W .2. a.y +[r 2 .H-y2(a-y/3)]w
W=1.0*2*9.78*0.1 + [*1.42*7-(.1)2(9.78-.1/3)]*1
W=357.16
V=W/2r=357.16/2*1.4=40.68 t/m
N=V/sin=40.68/ 0.64=63.57 t/m
N+N=Pr.a=(W2 cos + H2) . a
63.57 + N=(0.64 +1*7)*9.78
N=11.14 t/m
X=0.6 a.t2
X=0.6 9.78 * 0.4
X=1.0 m
M=W .x2/2=(w2 + H2) .x2 /2=(1 + 1*7)*12/2=4.0m.t
In the ring direction:section
1
2
3
4
5

stage

+24.7
+28.53
+28.4
+6.54
+11.14

1
1
1
1
1

In the meridian direction:section

1
2
3
4
5

As=As`=0.4% Ac

N
-5.587
-13.66
-29.74
-6.45
-63.6

stage

+1.42
_
+4.0
+4.0
_

1
2
1
1
2

Section for done 5 :Ring direction

T=Nmax=28.5 t/m
t=0.6T = 28.5*0.6 = 17.1 take t=20 cm
As=T/fs = 28.5 / 1.4 = 20.4 cm2
As/side =20.4/2=10.2 cm2
Choose 8 16/ mm(16.14 cm2)
F1=T/(Ac +n.As)=28.5* 103 /(100*45 +10*2*16.14)
F1=11.49 kg/cm2 <fcto o.k.
Meridian direction
M=4 m.t , N= -63.57
B=100cm ,t = 0.4
ft= 6M/bt2 -N/bt

40*100 /103*63.57 402*105/100*4.0*6 =

0.8- =
.e = M/N= .06
.e/t = 0.15 small ecc.
% Use min = 0.4
As = As' = * b *t = 15 cm2

-:Section for dome 6

'Choose 716 /m

At crown
As=As` = * b * t = 16 cm

:Section at footring

Choose 8 16/m

As=As = * b * t = 16 cm

Choose 8 16/m
7-ring beam b3
N=29.74t/m and N4=6.45t/m
V3=N3sin1 =22.78 t/m and V4=Nsin2=5.0 t/m
H3=N3cos1=19.2 t/m and H4=N4cos2=3.25 t/m
P=H4-H3=15.98 t/m
Ring compression=P.R=-15.98 *5.5= -88t
Vertical load =w=own wight+V3+V4
W=0.5*1.5+2.5+22.78+5.0=29.655 t/m
Assume number of supporting columns=8

From table in page 123[4]:

P=w.2r=29.65*2**4=745.18t
R=load on each column = 745.18/8=93/t
Q=mazimum shear force =93/2=46.5t
M+ve=moment at center of span
M+ve=0.0042*Pr=0.0042*745.1*5.5=18.44t
M-ve=moment over support
M-ve=0.0083*Pr=0.0083*745.1*5.5=36.45m.t
Mt=tersional moment
M+ve=0.0006*Pr=0.0006*745.1*5.5=2.458m.t
Design of section at support (section 1): M=36.25 m.t. N=-88 t
Assume b=80 cm
t=m/3b-3 cm =(36.25*105)/(3*50)-3 cm =157 cm
Take t=160 cm
Ft=(6*36.25*105)/(50*162)-(88*103)/(50*160)
Ft=.28Kg/cm2
For Fcu=250kg/cm2 and t>60 cm ft=18 kg/cm2 o.k.
To get As: e=M/N = 36.25/88=.42
e/t =.4/1.6=.6 > 0.5 big ecc.
Es=e+t/2-cover=0.6+0.80-0.05=1.35m
Ms=Nes=88*1.35=118m.t.
D=155cm=k1ms/b=k1(118.105)/80 k1=0.4,k2=1280
As=Ms/(Ks.d)-N/Fs=118*105/(1280*155)-88*103/1400
As=15.74cm2
choose 8 16
Design of section at support (section 1): M=18.25 m.t. N=-88 t
Assume b=80 cm
Take t=160 cm
To get As: e=M/N = 18.25/88=.42
e/t =.2/1.6=.32 > 0.5 small ecc.
% Use min = 0.4
choose 8 16
Check of torsion:
Mt= 2.45 m.t

qt =3m/(b2t) = 2.21 <qc

Check of shear:
Q= 46.5t
q= Q/b.t = 46.5*103 /160*80 = 3.63 < 9 kg/cm2 O.K
Use 88/m

DESIGN OF TAWER
Load of column = 250 ton
L = 5.0 m
For bracing:

(pure axial force)

. = N / E I
(Braced column) 0.6 > (106* 6.6* 105*5)8 / 103*2000 =
:For eccentricity
e min = 0.05t = .05 * 80 = 4 cm

: Buckling length

He = .85 H = .85 *5 = 4.25m

:for shortness
b = He / b = 4.25 / 0.4 = 6.25 < 15
i = He / I = 4.25/ .3*40 = 41.8 < 50
the column is short

:Design of short braced column

Pu = 0.35 fcu Ac+ 0.67 fy Asc
Asc *2 *0.67 +40*80 *0.3 *0.35 = 1.5*250
Asc =39 cm2

Choose 1022 /m
:Design of ring beam 4
P = 7.5t/m
T = P* R = 7.5 * 7.5 = 56.25 t
. b * t = 60 T
Assume b= t/2
then t = 82.4 take t = 85 cm & b = 40 cm
As = T/Fs = 56.25 / 2 = 35.8cm2
As /one side = 35.3/ 2 = 17.9 cm2
Choose 7 19

:Design of ring beam 5

P = 46.5t/m
T = P* R = 46.5 * 4.32 = 200.88
. b * t = 60 T
Assume b= t/2
then t = 160 cm & b = 80 cm
As = T/Fs = 200.8 / 2 = 100.4cm2
As /one side = 100.4/ 2 = 50.2 cm2
Choose 14 22

:Design of ring beam 6

P = 63.5t/m
T = P* R = 63.5 * 3.75 = 236.88
. b * t = 60 T
Assume b= t/2
then t = 160 cm & b = 80 cm
As = T/Fs = 236.8 / 2 = 118.12cm2
As /one side = 118.12/ 2 = 59.2 cm2
Choose 16 22