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Motion Review: Study Guide Answers

This document provides definitions and examples related to motion including: - Distance is how far an object moves while displacement includes direction from a starting point. - Speed is rate of change of position divided by time, while velocity includes both speed and direction. - Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Positive acceleration means speeding up while negative means slowing down. - Graphs of distance-time and velocity-time can show speed and acceleration of an object. The slope of distance-time shows speed. - Examples include definitions of units like seconds and calculations of values like acceleration from changes in velocity over time.

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2K views8 pages

Motion Review: Study Guide Answers

This document provides definitions and examples related to motion including: - Distance is how far an object moves while displacement includes direction from a starting point. - Speed is rate of change of position divided by time, while velocity includes both speed and direction. - Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Positive acceleration means speeding up while negative means slowing down. - Graphs of distance-time and velocity-time can show speed and acceleration of an object. The slope of distance-time shows speed. - Examples include definitions of units like seconds and calculations of values like acceleration from changes in velocity over time.

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Motion Review

Study Guide Answers

a.

distance- a measure of how far an object has moved

b.

Displacement- the distance and direction an object moves from its starting
point

c.

Speed- rate of change of position, distance divided by time

d.

Velocity- the speed of an object and direct ion of its motion

e.

Constant speed- an object moving at the same speed the entire time, not
speeding up or slowing down

f.

Average speed- the total distance an object travels divided by total time of
travel

g.

Distance-time graph- represents the speed of an object

h.

Instantaneous speed- rate of change in position at a specific, instant point in


time

i.

Velocity-time graph- represents the acceleration of an object

j.

Acceleration- rate of change in velocity

k.

Positive acceleration- object is speeding up

l.

Negative acceleration- object is slowing down

1.

What does the slope of the line on a distance-time curve tell you

Speed
2. Give an example of a velocity.
5 m/s North
3. Give an example of speed.
10 m/s
4. Give an example of acceleration.
15 m/s/s
5. Give an example of a time unit.
Seconds, hours, minutes
6. Why does a crumpled up piece of paper fall faster than a flat piece of paper?
Crumpled paper has less surface area to be acted upon by air resistance
7. What is the acceleration of an object falling on Earth?
9.8 m/s/s
8. How are velocity and speed different?
Velocity is direction-aware and speed is not concerned about direction.

9. The speed on a speedometer is an example of instantaneous speed.


10. At which point does the velocity of a falling object become constant because
there is a balance between gravitational force and air resistance?
11. Which runner has the fastest average speed?
d. 200 m in 20 s
12. ***Make sure to study the graphs and explanations that are in your notes
outline. There will be questions about them on the test!
13. If you walk to the mailbox (50 m) and then turn around and come back, what
is your total distance?
100 m What is your total displacement? 0 m

14. Find the velocity of a swimmer who swims 110 m, towards shore in 72 s.
V=d/t
V= 110m/72s
V= 1.5 m/s towards shore

15. Find the distance that a cyclist would travel in 5 hours at an average speed of
12.0 km/h.
D= s * t
D= 12.0 km/h * 5 h = 60 km
16. How long does it take for a baseball to go from first to third base (distance of
38 m) if thrown at a velocity of 22 m/s?
T=d/s
T= 38m/22m/s
T= 1.7 s
17. A student accelerates his skateboard along a straight path from 0 m/s to 4
m/s in 2.5 s. Find the average acceleration.
A= (Vf-Vi)/t
A= (4m/s 0 m/s) / 2.5 s
A= 4m/s / 2.5 s
A= 1.6 m/s/s

18. Find the average acceleration of a northbound subway train that slows down
from 12 m/s to 9.6 m/s in 0.8s.
A= (Vf-Vi) / t
A= (9.6 m/s 12 m/s) / 0.8s
A= -2.4 m/s / 0.8s
A= -3 m/s/s
19. A turtle swimming in a straight line towards shore has a speed of 0.5 m/s.
After 0.067 hours, its speed is 0.08 m/s. what is the turtles acceleration?
A= (Vf-Vi) / t
A= (0.08 m/s 0.05 m/s) / 0.67 hr
A= 0.03 m/s / 0.067 hr
A= 0.45 m/s/hr

20. After a spacecraft takes off, its distance traveled is measured and is
represented in this graph.
What is the average speed of the spacecraft?
C. 3 kilometers per second
S= d/t
S= 3 km/1s
S= 3km/s
21. This graph represents the motion of an object. What is the average speed of
the object from time = 0s to time = 5s?
S= d/t
S= 6m/5s
S= 1.2 m/s
B. 1.2 m/s
22. Which graph represents a car with a positive acceleration?
B

23. A student is a passenger in the front seat of a moving car. Which object is the
best frame of reference for the student to determine how fast the car is moving
relative to the ground?
D. A signpost on the side of the road
24. An object rolls east at a steady speed of 12 m/s for 3.0 seconds. What
distance did it travel?
D= s * t
D= 12m/s * 3.0s
D= 36m
D) 36m
25. A cars velocity changes from 0m/s to 40 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the
average acceleration of the car?
A= (Vf-Vi) / t
A= (40m/s 0m/s) / 5s
A= 40m/s / 5s = 8m/s/s
B) 8m/s/s

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