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Foundation of Individual Behavior

The document discusses the foundations of individual behavior. It covers topics like ability, learning, components of learning, shaping behavior as a managerial tool, and methods of shaping behavior. Ability refers to an individual's capacity to perform tasks and can be intellectual or physical. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. Components of learning involve change, permanence, behavior, and experience. Shaping behavior guides learning in graduated steps. Methods of shaping include positive and negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Key variables affecting behavior are values, motivation, attitudes, perception, personality, ability, and learning.

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89 views10 pages

Foundation of Individual Behavior

The document discusses the foundations of individual behavior. It covers topics like ability, learning, components of learning, shaping behavior as a managerial tool, and methods of shaping behavior. Ability refers to an individual's capacity to perform tasks and can be intellectual or physical. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. Components of learning involve change, permanence, behavior, and experience. Shaping behavior guides learning in graduated steps. Methods of shaping include positive and negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Key variables affecting behavior are values, motivation, attitudes, perception, personality, ability, and learning.

Uploaded by

sshreyas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOUNDATIONS OF

INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

PRESENTATION BYALOK KUMAR GUPTA

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Topics

Foundations Of Individual Behavior


Ability
Learning
Components Of Learning
Shaping: A Managerial Tool
Methods Of Shaping Behavior
Key Variables Affecting Behavior

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FOUNDATIONS OF
INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
PERSONAL FACTORS
AGE
SEX
EDUCATION
ABILITIES
MARITAL STATUS
TENURE
CREATIVITY

PSYCHOLOGICAL
PERSONALITY
PERCEPTION
ATTITUDES
VALUES
LEARNING

INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
ORG. SYSTEM & RESOURCES
EDUCATIONAL FACTORS
PHYSICAL FACILITY
ECONOMIC
ORG.STRUCTURE
SOCIAL NORMS AND
AND DESIGN
CULTURAL VALUES
LEADERSHIP
POLITICAL
REWARD SYSTEM
WORK
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ABILITY
AbilityAbility is refers to an individuals capacity to perform various tasks in
a job.
Intellectual AbilityIntellectual abilities are needed to perform mental activities.
Physical AbilitiesThe capacity to do tasks demanding stamina, dexterity, strength and
similar characteristics.

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LEARNING
What is Learning?
A generally accepted definition is Any relatively
permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of
experience.

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COMPONENTS OF
LEARNING
First, learning involves change.
Second, the change must be relatively permanent.
Third, our definition is concerned with behavior.
Finally, some form of experience is necessary for learning

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Shaping: A Managerial Tool


Shaping Behavior:
When we attempt to mould individuals by guiding their learning in
graduated steps, we are shaping behavior.

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METHODS OF SHAPING
BEHAVIOR
1. Positive reinforcements: A response with something

positive.
2. Negative reinforcements: A response by termination,
withdrawal of something unpleasant.
3. Punishment: Causing unpleasant condition to eliminate an
undesirable behavior.
4. Extinction: Eliminating any reinforcement causing
behavior.

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Key Variables Affecting


Behavior
Values

Motivation

Attitudes
Perception
Personality

Ability

Learning

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Behavior

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