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    Wetlands in India

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    Pratheep Kalam
    Wetlands in India cover an estimated 3% of the country's land area and provide important benefits like clean water, food, and materials to millions of people. There are 19 different types of wetlands that include mangroves, lakes, marshes, and ponds. However, wetlands are under threat from development, pollution, and waste dumping. Conserving wetlands is important for sustainable food production and water availability for both people and wildlife. Once degraded, wetlands are very difficult to restore.

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    Wetlands in India

    Uploaded by

    Pratheep Kalam
    86 views4 pages
    Wetlands in India cover an estimated 3% of the country's land area and provide important benefits like clean water, food, and materials to millions of people. There are 19 different types of wetlands that include mangroves, lakes, marshes, and ponds. However, wetlands are under threat from development, pollution, and waste dumping. Conserving wetlands is important for sustainable food production and water availability for both people and wildlife. Once degraded, wetlands are very difficult to restore.

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    Wetlands in India cover an estimated 3% of the country's land area and provide important benefits like clean water, food, and materials to millions of people. There are 19 different types of wetlands that include mangroves, lakes, marshes, and ponds. However, wetlands are under threat from development, pollution, and waste dumping. Conserving wetlands is important for sustainable food production and water availability for both people and wildlife. Once degraded, wetlands are very difficult to restore.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views4 pages

    Wetlands in India

    Uploaded by

    Pratheep Kalam
    Wetlands in India cover an estimated 3% of the country's land area and provide important benefits like clean water, food, and materials to millions of people. There are 19 different types of wetlands that include mangroves, lakes, marshes, and ponds. However, wetlands are under threat from development, pollution, and waste dumping. Conserving wetlands is important for sustainable food production and water availability for both people and wildlife. Once degraded, wetlands are very difficult to restore.

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    WETLANDS IN INDIA

    Wetland helps in supporting directly and indirectly millions of people


    in India including supply of clean water and food, fibre and raw
    materials. There are 19 different types of wetlands in India. It includes
    mangroves, high-altitude lakes, marshes and ponds. It covers an
    estimated 3 percent of India's land area. The wetlands are under
    threat from developmental activities and population pressure. Water
    pollution and dumping of waste are some of the major threats to
    wetlands and birds in India.
    Wetlands are also important as resting sites for migratory birds. The
    conservation of wetland is important and essential in India for
    sustainable food production and availability of water for people and
    other creatures. Restoration of wetlands will be very difficult once it is
    used for other activities. There are many wetlands that have no legal
    status, they also need protection and conservation of them is also
    important.
    Wetlands losses are happening due to deforestation in wetlands,
    agriculture, watersheds, depletion of ground water etc.
    Wetlands in India occupy 58.2 million ha, including areas under wet
    paddy cultivation (Directory of Indian Wetlands).

    Area Estimates of Wetlands of India (in million ha)

    Area under paddy cultivation

    40.9

    Area suitable for fish culture

    3.6

    Area under capture fisheries (brackish and freshwater) 2.9


    Mangroves

    0.4

    Estuaries

    3.9

    Backwater

    3.5

    Man-made impoundments

    3.0

    Rivers, including main tributaries

    (28,000 km)

    Canals and irrigation channels

    (113,000 km)

    Total Area of Wetlands(Excluding Rivers)

    58.2

    (Source: Directory of Asian Wetlands, IUCN, 1989)

    Wetlands in India

    Name

    Area

    Ashtamudi Wetland

    Kerala (19/08/02)

    Bhitarkanika Mangroves

    Orissa (19/08/02)

    Bhoj Wetland

    Madhya Pradesh (19/08/02)

    Chandra Taal

    Himachal Pradesh (08/11/05)

    Chilika Lake

    Orissa (01/10/81)

    Deepor Beel

    Assam (19/08/02)

    East Calcutta Wetlands

    West Bengal (19/08/02)

    Harike Wetland

    Punjab (23/03/90)

    Hokersar Wetland

    Jammu and Kashmir (08/11/05)

    Kanjli Wetland

    Punjab (22/01/02)

    Keoladeo National Park

    Rajasthan (01/10/81)

    Kolleru Lake

    Andhra Pradesh (19/08/02)

    Loktak Lake

    Manipur (23/03/90)

    Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary

    Gujarat (24/09/12)

    Point Calimere Wildlife and

    Tamil Nadu (19/08/02)

    Bird Sanctuary
    Pong Dam Lake

    Himachal Pradesh (19/08/02)

    Renuka Wetland

    Himachal Pradesh (08/11/05)

    Ropar

    Punjab (22/01/02)

    Rudrasagar Lake

    Tripura (08/11/05)

    Sambhar Lake

    Rajasthan (23/03/90)

    Sasthamkotta Lake

    Kerala (19/08/02)

    Surinsar-Mansar Lakes

    Jammu and Kashmir (08/11/05)

    Thrissur Kole Wetlands

    Kerala, (08/11/05)

    Tsomoriri

    Jammu and Kashmir (19/08/02)

    Upper Ganga River

    Uttar Pradesh (08/11/05)

    (Brijghat to Narora Stretch)


    Vembanad-Kol Wetland

    Kerala (19/08/02)

    Wular Lake

    Jammu and Kashmir (23/03/90)

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