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1. Thresholding is a simple image segmentation technique that uses amplitude features to separate foreground and background pixels based on a threshold value. 2. Threshold selection is important, and common approaches include examining the image histogram for peaks and valleys, selecting a threshold that segments a predetermined fraction of pixels, or adaptively thresholding using local neighborhood histograms. 3. Thresholding can be global, using the same threshold for the entire image, local, where the threshold depends on both pixel value and position, or adaptive, where the threshold depends on pixel value and spatial coordinates.

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19 views3 pages

Name: Date of Performance: Roll No: Date of Submission: Batch: Examined

1. Thresholding is a simple image segmentation technique that uses amplitude features to separate foreground and background pixels based on a threshold value. 2. Threshold selection is important, and common approaches include examining the image histogram for peaks and valleys, selecting a threshold that segments a predetermined fraction of pixels, or adaptively thresholding using local neighborhood histograms. 3. Thresholding can be global, using the same threshold for the entire image, local, where the threshold depends on both pixel value and position, or adaptive, where the threshold depends on pixel value and spatial coordinates.

Uploaded by

Mahadev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AIM:-Segmentation of image uses thresholding.
THEORY:-Thresholding is the simplest Segmentation process that takes into account the
amplitude features. Many objects are characterized by constant reflectivity or light
absorption at there surfaces, a brightness constant or threshold can be determine to
segment object and background. Thresholding is computationally inexpensive and fast, it
is the oldest segmentation method and still widely used in simply application,
thresholding can be easily done in real time specialized hardware. Threshold selection is
an important step in there some commonly use approaches are I. The histogram at an
image is examined for locating peaks and value, its multimedia, then the valleys can be
used for selecting thresholds.
Multiple thresholding are shown,

2. Select the threshold T, so that a predetermined fraction (n) at total number of samples
is below T.
3. Adaptively threshold by examining local neighborhood histogram.
4. selectively threshold by examining histograms only of Those points that satisfy the
chosen e.g. in low
constant image ,the histogram at (hose pixels whose be placian magnitude is above
prescribed value with
exhibit clearer bimodal features, than that at original images.
Thus thresholding may be viewed as an operation that involves test against T at the form.
T=T[x,y],p(x,y),f(x,y)

When T depends only on f(x,y) i.e. gray level value the threshold is called global. It T
depends on both f(x,y)and p(x,y),the threshold is local. It in addition, T depends on the
special co-ordinates x and y the threshold is called as Dynamic or Adaptive.
About adaptive thresholding: Only under very unusual circumstances global thresholding
is useful or segmentation at whole image
since in very simple images there are likely to be gray level variation in objects and
background, this variation may be due to non uniform lighting, non uniform input device
parameter or a number of other factor segmentation using variable thresholds, in which
the threshold value image char, can produce the solution in these cases.
One option is to divide the image f, into sub image and determine a threshold
independency in each sub image ,then a threshold can not be determined in some sub
image ,it can be inter poleted from threshold determine in neighboring sub image each
sub image is then processed with respect to its local threshold.

Original Image

Segment Circle

Segment Ellipse

Segment Square

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