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    Distillation: by Jeff An and Spencer Zhou

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    Jeff An
    A powerpoint explaining the concepts behind and applications of chemical distillation. Covers primarily steam distillation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Distillation: by Jeff An and Spencer Zhou

    Uploaded by

    Jeff An
    21 views12 pages
    A powerpoint explaining the concepts behind and applications of chemical distillation. Covers primarily steam distillation.

    Original Title

    Chemical Distillation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    A powerpoint explaining the concepts behind and applications of chemical distillation. Covers primarily steam distillation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    21 views12 pages

    Distillation: by Jeff An and Spencer Zhou

    Uploaded by

    Jeff An
    A powerpoint explaining the concepts behind and applications of chemical distillation. Covers primarily steam distillation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Distillation

    By Jeff An and Spencer Zhou

    What is distillation?

    Two-step process used to purify a solution

    (1) Conversion of liquid into vapor (boiling)


    (2) Conversion of vapor back into liquid
    (condensation)
    The condensed liquid, which is free of any solutes,

    is collected in a separate container

    How does distillation work?

    Exploits difference in volatility between solutes

    and solvent

    Volatility: tendency of a substance to evaporate

    Example: distillation of salt-water

    Boiling point of NaCl: 1413 C


    Boiling point of H2O: 100 C

    Water will evaporate, leaving behind the solute

    App
    arat
    us

    Important Notes

    Round-bottom flask instead of Erlenmeyer flask

    More exposure to heat

    Glass-ground joints

    Condenser uses water to cool the vapor

    High heat capacity of water (able to absorb heat


    without changing state itself)
    Counter flow design

    Our experiment

    Materials:

    Distillation kit (Distilling flask, receiving flask, three-way


    adapter, condenser)

    500mL beaker (water bath)

    Hot plate

    Aluminum foil

    Unknown yellow solution (supplied by Ms. Monir)

    Procedure: Please refer to the handout found at

    academics.wellesley.edu/Chemistry/chem211lab/Orgo_Lab_Manual/Appendix/Techniques/SimpleDistill/simple_distillation_n.html

    Our experiment (cont.)

    [Add video]

    Results and conclusion

    Obtained a moderate amount of distillate


    Process took around 1hr

    High heat capacity of the water-based solution

    Used hot-plate rather than Bunsen Burner

    Thus, distillation is a viable but slow process for

    obtaining purified water

    Applications of distillation

    Making of alcoholic beverages

    When fruit and plant materials ferment, a dilute version of ethanol


    is produced

    Distillation concentrates the ethanol

    Oil refining

    Different oil products can be produced from crude oil

    Fractional distillation used to obtain individual hydrocarbon


    products

    Separation of perfume from plants and herbs (steam distillation)

    Survival chemistry

    Moderately viable:

    Can be used to kill bacteria and viruses due to heat


    (difficult for a filter to do)

    Removes salt content and toxic metals from water


    Distillation still is reusable, unlike filters or tablets
    Can take a long time, especially without a good heat
    source (i.e. high temperature fire)
    Can be adapted to be more portable (see image)

    Possible
    survival
    distillation
    still

    Only need:
    A pot and a fitting lid
    Some source of water
    Cup
    String
    Heat source

    Thank you!

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