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Naming Covalent Compounds

This document discusses the rules for naming covalent compounds. It states that covalent bonds form when atoms share valence electrons and covalent compounds are made of nonmetals. There are four main rules for naming covalent compounds: 1) prefixes indicate the number of atoms, 2) the second element takes an -ide ending, 3) dropped vowels when elements start with the same vowel, and 4) mono is dropped if there is one atom of the first element. It also discusses diatomic molecules that exist with two atoms and provides examples of naming binary covalent compounds.

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492 views9 pages

Naming Covalent Compounds

This document discusses the rules for naming covalent compounds. It states that covalent bonds form when atoms share valence electrons and covalent compounds are made of nonmetals. There are four main rules for naming covalent compounds: 1) prefixes indicate the number of atoms, 2) the second element takes an -ide ending, 3) dropped vowels when elements start with the same vowel, and 4) mono is dropped if there is one atom of the first element. It also discusses diatomic molecules that exist with two atoms and provides examples of naming binary covalent compounds.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Naming Covalent

Compounds
Ch. 16

Covalent Compounds
Covalent bonds form when atoms
share their valence electrons.
Covalent compounds are formed
from 2 or more nonmetals.

Rules for Naming Covalent


Compounds
1. Prefixes are
used to show
how many
atoms of each
element are
present in the
compound

Prefixes used for


Naming Binary
Covalent
Compounds

Rules for Naming Covalent


Compounds
2. Second element is written with an ide
ending.
***All binary compounds, both ionic and covalent
end in ide.

3. The vowel at the end of the prefix is


dropped when the name of the
element begins with the same vowel.
Example: monoxide, not monooxide

Rules for Naming Covalent


Compounds
4. Mono is not written if there is just a
single atom on the first element in the
name.
Example: CO2
carbon dioxide not monocarbon dioxide
Example: CO
carbon monoxide

Diatomic Molecules
There are 7 nonmetals that exist in nature
as diatomic molecules.
Di-Atomic

(means 2) atoms
Formula: Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2
Their names are the same as the names of their monoatomic
elements
For example, bromine (or molecular bromine to be different)

Problems
Are the following compounds ionic or covalent?
a. H2O

f. dinitrogen
tetraoxide

b. Sodium
chloride
c.

g. FeS

CuSO
d. CO4
e. Lithium
hydroxide

i. H2S

h. Cobalt (III)
chloride

j. PF3

Writing Formulas From


Names
Write the formulas for the following compounds.
1. carbon monoxide

CO

2. nonacarbon tetrachloride

C9Cl

3. hexabromine dioxide

Br6O2

4. phosphorus trichloride

PCl3

5. octanitrogen pentafluoride

N8F5

Naming Binary Compounds


(Covalent)
1. SO2
2. N2O
3. CCl4
4. N2O5
5. N2O4
6. OF2

Sulfur dioxide
Dinitrogen monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride
Dinitrogen
pentaoxide
Dinitrogen tetraoxide
Oxygen difluoride

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