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    Fundamental Constants and Conversion Factors

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    Ryan Santoso
    This document provides conversion factors and constants for various units related to gases, volumes, densities, lengths, masses, forces, pressures, powers, energies, heat transfer rates, viscosities, diffusivities, mass and molar fluxes, and heat and mass transfer coefficients. It includes conversions between metric, English and other units for many physical quantities.

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    Fundamental Constants and Conversion Factors

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Santoso
    83 views2 pages
    This document provides conversion factors and constants for various units related to gases, volumes, densities, lengths, masses, forces, pressures, powers, energies, heat transfer rates, viscosities, diffusivities, mass and molar fluxes, and heat and mass transfer coefficients. It includes conversions between metric, English and other units for many physical quantities.

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    This document provides conversion factors and constants for various units related to gases, volumes, densities, lengths, masses, forces, pressures, powers, energies, heat transfer rates, viscosities, diffusivities, mass and molar fluxes, and heat and mass transfer coefficients. It includes conversions between metric, English and other units for many physical quantities.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    83 views2 pages

    Fundamental Constants and Conversion Factors

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Santoso
    This document provides conversion factors and constants for various units related to gases, volumes, densities, lengths, masses, forces, pressures, powers, energies, heat transfer rates, viscosities, diffusivities, mass and molar fluxes, and heat and mass transfer coefficients. It includes conversions between metric, English and other units for many physical quantities.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS AND

    CONVERSION FACTORS
    1. Gas law Constant R
    Nunerical Value
    1.9872
    1.9872
    82.057
    8314.34
    82.057 x 10-3
    8314.34
    10.731
    0.7302
    1545.3
    8314.34

    Units
    g cal/g mol K
    btu/lb mol. oR
    cm3. atm/g mol.K
    J/kg mol K
    m3 atm/kg mol K
    kg m2/s2 kg mol K
    ft3 .lbf / in2 lb mol o R
    ft3 atm / lb mol oR
    ft lbf / lb mol o R
    m3 Pa / kg mol K

    2. Volume and Density


    1 g mol ideal gas at 0 oC, 760 mm Hg = 22.4140 liters = 22 414 cm3
    1 lb mol ideal gas at 0 oC, 760 mm Hg = 359.05 ft3
    1 kg mol ideal gas at 0 oC, 760 mm Hg = 22.414 m3
    Density of dry air at 0 oC, 760 mm Hg = 1.2929 g/liter = 0.080711
    lbm/ft3
    Molecular weight of air = 28.97 lbm/ lb mol
    1 g/cm3 = 62.43 lbm / ft3 = 1000 kg / m3
    1 g / cm3 = 8.345 lbm / U.S . gal
    1 lbm / ft3 = 16.0185 kg / m3
    3. Length
    1 in = 2.540 cm
    100 cm = 1 m (meter)
    1 micron = 10-6 m = 10-4 cm = 10-3 mm = 1 m
    (micrometer)
    1 A (angstrom) = 10-10 m = 10-4 m
    1 mile = 5280 ft
    1 m = 3.2808 ft = 39.37 in
    4. Mass
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1

    lbm = 453.59 g = 0.45359 kg


    lbm = 16 oz = 7000 grains
    kg = 1000 g = 2.2046 lbm
    ton (short) = 2000 lbm
    ton (long) = 2240 lbm
    ton (metric) = 1000 kg

    5. Standard Acceleration of Gravity


    g = 9.80665 m / s2
    g = 980.665 cm / s2
    g = 32.174 ft / s2
    gc (gravitational conversion factor) = 32.1740 lbm ft/lbf.s2
    = 980.665 gm cm / gf s2
    6. Volume
    1 L (liter) = 1000 cm3
    1 in3 = 16.387 cm3
    1 ft3 = 28.317 L (liter
    1 ft3 = 0.028317 m3
    1 ft3 = 7.481 U.S gal
    1 m3 = 264.17 U.S gal

    1 m3 = 1000 L (liter)
    1 U.S gal = 4 qt
    1 U.S gal = 3.7854 L (liter)
    1 U.S gal = 3785.4 cm3
    1 British gal = 1.20094 U.S gal

    7. Force
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1

    g.cm / s2 (dyne) = 10-5 kg.m / s2 = 10-5 N (Newton)


    g.cm / s2 = 7.2330 x 10-5 lbm .ft / s2 (poundal)
    kg.m / s2 = 1 N (Newton)
    lbf = 4.4482 N
    g.cm / s2 = 2.2481 x 10-6 lbf

    8. Pressure
    1 bar = 1 x 105 Pa (pascal) = 1 x 105 N/m2
    1 psia = 1 lbf / in2
    1 psia = 2.0360 in Hg at 0oC
    1 psia = 2.311 ft H2 O at 70 o F
    1 psia = 51.715 mmHg at 0 oC (Hg = 13.5955 g / cm3 )
    1 atm = 14.696 psia = 1.01325 x 105 N / m2 =
    1.01325 bar
    1 atm = 760 mm Hg at 0 oC = 1.01325 x 105 Pa
    1 atm = 29.921 in Hg at 0 oC
    1 atm = 33.90 ft H2 O at 4 oC

    1 psia = 6.89476 x 104 g / cm . s2


    1 psia = 6.89476 x 104 dyne / cm2
    1 dyne / cm2 = 2.0886 x 10-3 lbf / ft2
    1 psia = 6.89476 x 103 N / m2
    1 lbf / ft2 = 4.7880 x 102 dyne / cm2 = 47.880 N / m2
    1 mm Hg ( 0 o C) = 1.333224 x 102 N / m2 = 0.1333224
    kPa
    9. Power
    1 hp = 0.74570 kw
    1 hp = 550 ft .lbf / s
    1 hp = 0.7068 btu / s

    1 watt (W) = 14.340 cal / min


    1 btu/h
    = 0.29307 W (watt)
    1 J / s (joule/s) = 1 W

    10. Heat , Energy , Work


    1 J = 1 N.m = 1 kg.m2 / s2
    1 kg.m2 / s2 = 1 J (joule) = 107 g.cm2 / s2 (erg)
    1 btu = 1055.06 J = 1.05506 kJ
    1 btu = 252.16 cal (thermochemical)
    1 kcal (thermochemical) = 1000 cal = 4.1840 kJ
    1 cal (thermochemical) = 4.1840 J
    1 cal (IT) = 4.1868 J
    1 btu = 251.996 cal (IT)
    1 btu = 778.17 ft.lbf
    1 hp.h = 0.7457 kW.h
    1 hp.h = 2544.5 btu
    1 ft.lbf = 1.35582 J
    1 ft.lbf / lbm = 2.9890 J / kg
    11. Thermal Conductivity
    1 btu / h.ft. o F = 4.1365 x 10-3 cal / s . cm . o C
    1 btu / h.ft. o F = 1.73073 W / m. K
    12. Heat Transfer Coefficient
    1
    1
    1
    1

    btu / h.ft2. o F = 1.3571 x 10-4 cal / s.cm2 . o C


    btu / h.ft2. o F = 5.6783 x 10-4 W / cm2 . o C
    btu / h.ft2. o F = 5.6783 W / m2 .K
    kcal / h.m2 . o F = 0.2048 btu / h.ft2. o F

    13. Viscosity
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1

    cp = 10-2 g / cm. s (poise)


    cp = 2.4191 lbm / ft. h
    cp = 6.7197 x 10-4 lbm /ft. s
    cp = 10-3 Pa.s = 10-3 kg / m. s = 10-3 N. s / m2
    cp = 2.0886 x 10-5 lbf . s / ft2
    Pa.s = 1 N. s / m2 = 1 kg / m. s = 1000 cp

    14. Diffusivity
    1 cm2 / s = 3.875 ft2 / h
    1 cm2 / s = 10-4 m2 / s
    1 m2 / h = 10.764 ft2 / h

    1 m2 / s = 3.875 x 104 ft2 / h


    1 centistoke = 10-2 cm2 / s

    15. Mass Flux and Molar Flux


    1 g / s.cm2 = 7.3734 x 103 lbm / h. ft2
    1 g.mol / s. cm2 = 7.3734 x 103 lb mol / h. ft2
    1 g.mol / s. cm2 = 10 kg mol / s.m2 = 1 x 104 g.mol / s.
    m2
    1 lb mol / h. ft2 = 1.3562 x 10-3 kg mol / s. m2
    16. Heat Flux and Heat Flow
    1 btu / h. ft2 = 3.1546 W / m2
    1 btu / h = 0.29307 W
    1 cal / h = 1.1622 x 10-3 W
    17. Heat Capacity and Enthalpy
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1
    1

    btu / lbm . o F = 4.1868 kJ / kg. K


    btu / lbm . o F = 1.000 cal / g. o C
    btu / lbm
    = 2326.0 J / kg
    ft. lbf / lbm
    = 2.9890 J / kg
    cal (IT) / g. o C = 4.1868 kJ / kg . K
    kcal / g mol = 4.1840 x 103 kJ / kg mol

    18. Mass-Transfer Coefficient


    1 kc cm / s = 10-2 m / s
    1 kc ft / h = 8.4668 x 10-5 m / s
    1 kx g mol / s. cm2 . mol frac = 10 kg mol / s . m2 . mol frac
    1 kx g mol / s. cm2 . mol frac = 1 x 104 g mol / s . m2 . mol frac
    1 kx lb mol / h. ft2 . mol frac = 1.3562 x 10-3 kg mol / s. m2. mol frac
    1 kx a lb mol / h. ft3. mol frac = 4.449 x 10-3 kg mol / s. m3. mol frac
    1 kG kg mol / s. m2. atm
    = 0.98692 x 10-5 kg mol / s. m2 . Pa
    1 kG a kg mol / s. m3. atm
    = 0.98692 x 10-5 kg mol / s. m3 . Pa

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