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Hybrid Parameter Final

This document describes an experiment to obtain the input and output characteristics of a transistor in common emitter configuration to determine its hybrid parameters. The four hybrid parameters are: (1) input impedance (h11), the ratio of change in base-emitter voltage to base current with constant collector-emitter voltage; (2) reverse voltage gain (h12), the ratio of base-emitter voltage change to collector-emitter voltage change with constant base current; (3) forward current gain (h21), the ratio of collector current change to base current change with constant collector-emitter voltage; and (4) output admittance (h22), the ratio of collector current change to collector-emitter voltage

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Naveen Bhat
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56 views6 pages

Hybrid Parameter Final

This document describes an experiment to obtain the input and output characteristics of a transistor in common emitter configuration to determine its hybrid parameters. The four hybrid parameters are: (1) input impedance (h11), the ratio of change in base-emitter voltage to base current with constant collector-emitter voltage; (2) reverse voltage gain (h12), the ratio of base-emitter voltage change to collector-emitter voltage change with constant base current; (3) forward current gain (h21), the ratio of collector current change to base current change with constant collector-emitter voltage; and (4) output admittance (h22), the ratio of collector current change to collector-emitter voltage

Uploaded by

Naveen Bhat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 4

HYBRID PRARAMETERS OF TRANSISTOR


AIM: - Obtain input & output characteristics of a transistor in common emitter
configuration.Determine hybrid parameters.

APPARATUS: - transistor , DMM, Rheostat, Variable resistor, Battery Plug Key, Voltmeter,
Ammeter.

THEORY: - Linear circuits having input & output terminals can be analyzed by four parameters
called hybrid parameters. There all called as hybrid parameter, because some have dimensions &
some have no dimensions.
(For small ac signals, transistors behaves as linear devices because output ac signal directly
proportional to the input signal) following are the hybrid parameters of the transistor.
1. Input impedence = hll = hie =

VBE
IB

with VCE = Constant

= Ratio of change in base emitter voltage to change base current


when collector current emitter voltage in constant.Unit of this is

2. Reverse voltage gain = Reverse transfer voltage retio


h12 = hre =

VBE
VCE

IB = Constant

= Ratio of change in base emitter voltage to change in collector emitter


when base current is constant
Unit nil

voltage

3. Forward current gain = Forward transfer current ratio


h21 = hfe =

Ie
IB

VCE = Constant

= Ratio of change in collector current to change in bare current when collector emitter
voltage in constant unit nil
4. Output admittance = h22 = hoe =

IC
VCE

IB = constant

= Ratio of change is collector current to change in collector emitter voltage when base
current is constant .unit is mho
hie & hre are determined by input characteristics curve where as hfe & hoe are determined by the
output characteristics.

Input Characteristics:Circuit diagram:-

T = Transistor

DMM Digital multi metered as Voltmeter

- Micro ammeter( 0 - 150 A)

R- variable resistor (max 720K)

V- Voltmeter (0-6V)

B1 Battery B2- Battery 5v

Rh Rheostat

INPUT CHARACTERSTICS:
Collector emitter voltage VCE = 0V
Base current IB in A
Base emitter voltage
VCE

Collector emitter voltage VCE = 5V


Base current IB in
Ball emitter voltage
A
VBC in mV

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM : OUTPUT CHARACTERSTICS

transistor

A Microammeter (0 - 150A)

V = Voltmeter
B1 Battery

Base current IB=

Base current IB=


Collector emitter
voltage Vce volts

Collector current
Ic

Nature of graph:-

h11 = hie = I/P impedence

Collector emitter
voltage Vce volts

Collector current
Ic

VBE
IB

VCE = Constant

hre = Reverse Voltage gain

VBE
VCE

IB = constant

Nature of Graph : O/P Characteristics :-

h21 = hfe = Forward current gain


=

Ic

IB

VCE = constant

H = 2 hoe = O/P admittance


=

Ic
VcE

IB = constant

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