GATE - 2097 ‘Duration : Three Honrs EE: Electrical Engineering Q.1-Q. 20 carry one mark each 2. t=O. 70 carry one mark each 1, The common emitter forward curr ent ga transistor shown = 270 Ks ia. The transistor is operating in (a) Saturation region (® Cutoff region (c) Reverse active region (@) Forward active region 2. The three-terminal linear voltage regulator is connected to a 10 load resistor as shown in the figure. If V,, is 10V, what is the power dissipated in the transistor ? +10v0 R700 @I6W ()4.2W 3. Consider the transformer connections ina part of @ power system shown in the figure. The nature of transformer connections and phase shifts are indicated for all but one transformer. w24aw @54W Autotransiormer 4 Maximum Marks 150 Which of the followin conesponding og connections, and the the rasionne: Deen Ase OO @) Star-Star (0 =00) : © Star~Detta @ © Delta ~star (6 @Sar~ Ziggy ‘The incremental cost curves in Rs/ MW hr for two generators supplying. a common load of 700 MW are shown in the figures. The maximum and minimum generation limits arealso indicated. The ‘optimum generation schedule is GENERATOR A "200 MAW aso Ineternental Cost ReANWnr _ GENERATOR B anh... . eee 150 MW 400mm (@) Generator A : 400 MW, Generator B:300 MW (8) Generator A : 250 MW, Generator B : 350 MW. (@) Generator A : 450 MW, Generator B: 250 MW {@) Generator A : 425 MW, Generator B:275 MW Two regional systems, each having several synchronous generators and loads are interconnected by an ac line and a HVDC link as shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is true in the steady state: Pap +@) ® © © Tait Tesions need not have the same Frequency The total power flow between the regions (Fst Pad can be changed by controle ars BDC converte one e power sharing between the ae line and the HVDC link can be changed by contaline ie HVDC convertors alone, The direction of power ow inthe HVBCHink (Py) cannot be reversed. Consider a bundled ~ conductor” ofan) ‘overhead line, consisting ‘of three identical sub- a conductors placed at the a comers of an equilateral triangle as shown in the fg we relee he Serge onthe eves” C) than their radius, the maximum electric field intensity is experienced at (@) Point X (©) Point Z (© Point Y (4) Point W The circuit shown in the figure is Do Loan w (a voltage source with voltage Ry R TAR, (b) a voltage source with voltage a v rR V (©) acurtent source with current Fo ,y RY {@)a current source with current Ry “y ‘The system shown in the figure is ve (a) stable (b) unstable (© conditionally stable (@) stable for input 1, but unstable for input u, oO phase conductors and ground, and assume that Spacing between sub-conductors is much larger % fata senal sin os + #) be applied toa stabi locate ayarians system. Let the Sertespondingsteady stateoutput be reprenet 266 (ou + 4). Then whit of he hee statements is true? * ) F is not necessarily a “sine” oF “cosings furetion but must be periodic with ox 0. What is the maximum permissible value of AT to ensure stability of the solution of the corresponding discrete time equation ? @ 1/2 (tr (ay 2r ‘The switch $ is the circuit of the figure is initially closed. It is opened at time t =0. You may neglect the Zener diode forward voltage drops. What is 25. the behaviour of Voy for > 07 soy apy hho 2 Too ar -tnv (@) It makes a transition from ~5 V t 121298 ns —_ (6) Ik makes a transition from —5 V to +5 V at £2257 us (©) Temakes a transition from + 5 V to =5 V at 1512.98 ps {@) It makes a transition from +5 V to~5 V ai £2257 us A.solid sphere made of insulating material has a radius R and has a total charge Q distributed uniformly in its volume. What is the magnitude of the clectric field intensity, E, at a distance 1(0. [me Ye) oz) then, 075 10 05 02-2 075 10 10 05 05 (z= 05 10 05 10 05 «) 05 05 10,10 075 05 4. theres G00 204 y = lm Ge them for wg (z=3e/95 10 075 the Nyquist plot for Gis) =1/sis-+1} (S+2)becomes 075 05 10 asymptotic fo the line @x=0 Oxs-3y4 10-05 -o5 ©rsy-re t a z=" |-05 19 ~o5 “ -05 -05 10 35: The system 900/s(s+1) (519) is tobe compensa Such thot ite gain-rossover frequency becom 32. Consider the two power systems shown in figure Feemaena ye uncompensated piase-crossover A below, which are initially not interconnected, Eeauency and provides a 45° phase margin Ty and are operating in steady state at the same @. frequency. Separate loadilow solutions are Oa las fone gat Provides an computed individually for the two systems, Stenuation of 20 dB anda phase lg of 45% corresponding to this scenario. The bus voltage the Frequency of 3.J5 rad/s phasors so obtained are indicated on figure A. These two isolated systems are now amplification of 20.dB and a phase lead of 45° interconnected by a short transmission line as at the frequency of 3 rad/s shown in figure B, and it is found that (6) a lag-lead compensator that provides an P)=P,=Q,=Q,=0: amplification of 20 dB and a phase lag of 45° at the frequency of JJ rad/s (@) a lag-lead compensator that provides an attenuation of 20 dB and phase lead of 45° at the frequency of 3 rad/s (a lead compensator that provides an 36. Consider the discrete-time system shown in the figure where the impulse response of G(2) is (0) =0, 301) = 9(2) = 1, 9(3)=g(4) =... <0, i) Cte This system is stable for range of values of K (a) [-1,1/2] ® [4,1] L/2y L4172,2) 37. A signal x(8) is given by L-T/4 fhetons i its shatt load is reduces hy Rall wit field current held constant its new pO wil be (a unity ()keading agsing {i dependent on machine parameters46. A 100 kVA. 415 V (line). star-connected Synchronousmachine ynersesttedcpeneieet Nollage of 415 V at a field current of 15, A. The short circuit armature current a afield current of 10 A is equal to the rated armature current. The Per unit saturated synchronous reactance is (@) 1.731 wis (©) 0.666 (aos77 47. A three-phase, three-stack, variable reluctance step motor has 20 poles on each rotor and stator stack. The step angle of this step motor is 3° Mor or (a) 18° 48. A single - phase 50 ~ kVA, 250V / 500 V two winding transformer has an efficiency of 95% at full load, unity power factor. if itis reconfigured as a 500-V / 750 V autotransformer, its efficiency at its new rated load at unity power factor will be (a) 98.752 % (8) 97.851 % (©) 98.276 % (4) 99.241 % 49. A 230 V (phase), 50 Hz, three - phase, 4 — wire system has a phase sequence ABC. A unity power = factor load of 4 kW is connected between phase A and neutral N. It is desired to achieve zero neutral current throu gh the use of a pure inductor and a pure capacitor in the other two phase. The value of inductor and capacitor is (0) 72.95 mH in phase C and 139.02 uF in phase B (@)72.95 mH in phase B and 139.02 uF in phase C (042.12 mH in phase C and 240.79 uF in phase B (2) 42.12 mE in phase B and 240.79 nF in phase C 50. The state equation for the current I, shown in the network shown below in terms of the voltage V, and the independent source V, is given by 14¥, 3754 +3¥ dy Oe dh, wa 1AV, +3751, av dt, at 5 AAV, +3751, -2V (a) 51. If u(f), r(t) denote the unit step and unit ramp functions respectively and u(t) * r(t) their convolution, then the funetion 1(t+1) * r(t-2) is given by da) (1/2) = 1) t- 2) (e) (1/2) t- WF ute 1} (0) (1/2) (1-1) (t= 2) (a) none of these % 1 52. The integral Jsin(t—vcostat equals @sint cos + wo (©) (1/2) cost (4) (1/2) sint 58. X(2)=1-32-, ¥ (2) =14222 are Z- trans oftwosigns se. reapetvely ‘Atenas Snveriantsysiem fas the i defined by these two signals a TPO ME li] = xtn-ttvin) where * denotes discrete time convolution, Then the output oF thesystem forthe input ot (@) has Z— transform zx (2) Ya) ©) equals 6 fr ~2} ~ 36 (x ~3} + 280-4] - 31 ne (©) has Z~ transform 1 ~32-1 422-2629 @) does not satisfy any of the above three. 54. A loaded dice has following probability distribution of occurrences : Dicevalue |! |2 3 [4 [5 ]6 Probability fi74 [avs [avs [v/s] 18] 17 If three identical dice as the above are thrown, the probability of occurrence of values 1, 5 and 6 on the three dice is (0) same as that of occurrence of 3, 4,5 {B) same as that of occurrence of 1, 2,5 us 35/8 : 55. Letxand ybetwovectors ina3 dimensional space and denote their dot product. Then the determinant ae 37] < yy, (@)is zero when x and y are linearly independent (B) is positive when x and y are linearly independent (© is non-zero for all non-zero x and y (@)is zero only when either x or yis 2er0 56. The linear operation L(x) is defined by the cross product L(x) = bxx, where b = [0 1 0] and fx, x,xJJ" are three dimensional vectors. x 3 matrix M of this operation satisfies x Ly =M | 2 ¥ ‘Then the eigenvalues of M are ()0,+1,-1 Lt Oia {d) i, -,057. 58. 59. lo the figure, transformer Th all three windings having the same nena turns and with polarities a5 indicated eet seconclay is shorted bya 10 Gresser beg re other by a 15 KE capacitor. The smite eens opened (t=) when the capacitor ischannea eit V with the left plate as positive. At fees voltage Vj, and current Ig are “ise (0}-25 V,0.04 'as two secondaries, (0) very large voltage, very large current (50V,05.4 @)-50V,-05A IC.555 jin the adjacent figure is configured as an astable multivibrator. It is enabled to oscillate at t = 0 by applying a high input to pin 4. The pin description is : 1 and 8 ~ supply ; 2 — trigger; 4 = reset; 6 - threshold; 7discharge. The waveform appearing across the capacitor starting from f = 0, as observed on a storage CRO is OK al () H @) i Is In the circuit of adjacent figure the dtode conned the ac source toa pure inductance L. D ac® he 6. a The diode conducts for f “90° ) 180° (© ze (@) 360" The circuit in the fi i {he Figuce isa current commutated Th, Th ()0ys SO) GA) 65.00) ld), © ae 260 O BO AO Be we me Ao BO me fs.) 82.) 8M) BG) a -@) 7B) 79.48) 0.6) EXPLANATIONS Input is forward bias and output is reverse bias, so transistor is operating in reverse active region. Ry, = 109 66-07 Crrrent in Ry = =059amp C os uurrent in 1kQ= T3900 = 7 M amp <. Total current = 0.59 + 0.0007 amp Power dissipated in transistor = (0.59) xG.4+ 0.7) 59x (4.1)=24W aK Antotransformer Equal phase shift of points A and B with cespect to source from both bus paths. mee ‘Maximum incremental cost in Rs/MWhr for generator A = 600 (at 450 MW) Minimum incremental cost in Rs/MWhr for generator B = 650 (at 150 MW) ‘As maximum value of increamental cost of A i less than minimum value of B, “Generator A will operate at its maximum output 450 MW and B at (700 - 450) MW = 250 MW By changing the grid angle, we ean change the power sharing between the AC line and HVDC link, Electric field intensity at various pointsare shown as [allows = BE nf ’