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    Laindependence

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    This document summarizes the independence movements in various Latin American countries from European rule in the early 19th century. It discusses how Haiti gained independence from France through a slave rebellion led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines. In Peru, the independence movement was spearheaded by Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, who united the Spanish colonies as Gran Colombia. Mexico's independence began with rebellions led by Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos but was ultimately achieved by Agustín de Iturbide. Brazil gained independence from Portugal peacefully as the royal family fled to Brazil and ruled from there.

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    Laindependence

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    This document summarizes the independence movements in various Latin American countries from European rule in the early 19th century. It discusses how Haiti gained independence from France through a slave rebellion led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines. In Peru, the independence movement was spearheaded by Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, who united the Spanish colonies as Gran Colombia. Mexico's independence began with rebellions led by Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos but was ultimately achieved by Agustín de Iturbide. Brazil gained independence from Portugal peacefully as the royal family fled to Brazil and ruled from there.

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    laindependence

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    This document summarizes the independence movements in various Latin American countries from European rule in the early 19th century. It discusses how Haiti gained independence from France through a slave rebellion led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines. In Peru, the independence movement was spearheaded by Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, who united the Spanish colonies as Gran Colombia. Mexico's independence began with rebellions led by Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos but was ultimately achieved by Agustín de Iturbide. Brazil gained independence from Portugal peacefully as the royal family fled to Brazil and ruled from there.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Laindependence

    Uploaded by

    api-264532472
    This document summarizes the independence movements in various Latin American countries from European rule in the early 19th century. It discusses how Haiti gained independence from France through a slave rebellion led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines. In Peru, the independence movement was spearheaded by Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, who united the Spanish colonies as Gran Colombia. Mexico's independence began with rebellions led by Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos but was ultimately achieved by Agustín de Iturbide. Brazil gained independence from Portugal peacefully as the royal family fled to Brazil and ruled from there.

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    of 2

    World Cultures 11

    Unit III: Latin America

    Name: Hayley Kagan_____


    Date: 12/15/14

    LATIN AMERICAN PEOPLES WIN INDEPENDENCE


    Directions: After reading the document below, please answer the following questions
    completely and
    thoroughly in complete sentence format.
    Background Question:
    1.
    What three factors motivated the people of Latin America to rebel against their European
    controllers?
    The ideas of liberty, equality, and democratic rule found its way to Latin America and the
    people there wanted it and were willing to fight for it.
    Haitian Independence
    1.
    Who controlled the colony of Haiti and what two leaders were responsible for their
    independence?
    The French controlled the colony and Toussaint LOuverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines
    were the two leaders. When Toussaint was taken Jean-Jacques took over.
    2.

    Why were they able to win their independence so quickly and easily?

    The Africans out-numbered the French people drastically. When they rose up the French had
    no way to control the Africans.
    3.

    How was this movement for independence different from revolutions in the rest of Latin
    America? [You will have to answer this question after reading the entire document.]

    In the rest of Latin America the Creole were not leading it.
    Viceroyalty of Peru
    1.
    Identify and explain the specific events on the European continent affected the
    movement for independence in Peru.
    The events that happened were Napoleon's conquest of Spain triggered revolts in the Spanish
    colonies. Napoleon made his brother king.
    2.
    The movement from independence was spearheaded by what two creoles. Who were
    they and explain how they were able to gain it.
    The two creoles were Simon Bolivar who was a wealthy Venezuelan creole. He was a writer
    and a fighter he was called the George Washington of South America, he planned to untie the

    Spanish colonies of South America. The other guy was Jose de San Martin who was
    Argentinian, he was modest, he spent most of his youth in Spain as a military officer.
    3.

    What name did they give to the independent viceroyalty?

    The gave it the name Gran Colombia.


    Viceroyalty of New Spain
    1.
    How did the movement for independence differ from that of Peru?
    They believe in enlightenment and wanted independence the Indians and mestizos had a
    leading role.
    2.
    The movement began with the leadership of what two leaders? Explain their rebellion
    and its successes/failures.
    Miguel Hidalgo he called all the poor men to the church and it was called the grito de Dolores.
    The other guy was Jose Maria Morelos, he lead the revolution for 4 years until he was defeated
    by Agustin de Iturbide.
    3.
    Ironically, a creole DID eventually was successful in gaining freedom from Spain. Who
    was he, and when did favor independence in 1820 when he did not earlier?
    Agustin de Iturbide, he fought then because there were liberals in power back home and they
    were dividing the land and he didnt want his land and power taken away.
    4.
    What government/title did this liberator give the newly independent viceroyalty?
    What happened to his government?
    He declared himself to be Emperor of New Spain. The people outside of Mexico didnt want that
    so they made themselves The United Provinces of Central America.
    Brazil
    1.
    Why was this colony governed differently than the Spanish colonies just prior to
    independence?
    The royal family fled and ruled from there.
    2.
    How did the movement for independence differ in this Portuguese colony than those of
    the Spanish colonies?
    There was no fighting.

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