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Primitive Proprietati. Primitive Imediate.

This document provides information about primitives (antiderivatives) of functions, including: 1. Rules for finding primitives of sums and scalar multiples of functions. 2. Formulas for primitives of common elementary functions like polynomials, trigonometric functions, exponential functions, and inverse trigonometric functions. 3. Examples of calculating primitives of various functions and determining constants such that a given function is a primitive of another function. 4. Identifying whether given functions admit primitives on their domains and finding their primitives if they do. 5. Examples of functions that do not admit primitives on R.

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148 views3 pages

Primitive Proprietati. Primitive Imediate.

This document provides information about primitives (antiderivatives) of functions, including: 1. Rules for finding primitives of sums and scalar multiples of functions. 2. Formulas for primitives of common elementary functions like polynomials, trigonometric functions, exponential functions, and inverse trigonometric functions. 3. Examples of calculating primitives of various functions and determining constants such that a given function is a primitive of another function. 4. Identifying whether given functions admit primitives on their domains and finding their primitives if they do. 5. Examples of functions that do not admit primitives on R.

Uploaded by

silviuboga
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRIMITIVE

Propozitia: 1. Daca f, g : I R sunt doua functii primitivabile pe I, atunci


af + bg este o functie primitivabila pe I, oricare ar fi numerele reale a, b si avem
relatia
Z
Z
Z
(af (x) + bg(x))dx = a f (x)dx + b g(x)dx.
Tabelul de integrale nedefinite
Z
Z
xn+1
xr+1
n
+ C, n N
+ C, r R \ {1}
x dx =
xr dx =
n+1
r+1
Z
Z
ax
1
ax dx =
+C
dx = lnx + C
lna
x

Z
Z
1 x a
1
x
1
1
dx
=
ln
+C
dx = arctg + C

2
2
2
2
x a
2a
x+a
x +a
a
a
Z
Z

1
1

dx = ln|x + x2 a2 | + C
dx = ln(x + x2 + a2 ) + C
x2 Z a2
x2 +Za2
sin xdx = cos x + C

cos xdx = sin x + C

tgxdx = ln| cos x| + C


Z
1
dx = tgx + C
cos2 x
Z
1
x

dx = arcsin + C
a
a2 x 2

ctgxdx = ln| sin x| + C


Z

1
2 dx = ctgx + C
sin
Z x
ex dx = ex + C

Fis
a de lucru
I. Sa se calculeze primitivele urmatoarelor functii:
1. f (x) = x2 + 2x + 3;

3. f (x) = 2 sin x + 3 cos x, x R;

1
2. f (x) = x + ;
x

4. f (x) =

1
, x (2, 2);
4 x2

5. f (x) =
6. f (x) =
7. f (x) =
8. f (x) =
9. f (x) =

PRIMITIVE



1 1
1

,x ,
;
2 2
1 4x2
2
1
+
;
2
sin x cos2 x
1
;
2
sin x cos2 x
1
;
2
x +4
1
;
4x2 + 1

14. f (x) = x 3 x + 5 x;

16.
17.
18.

10. f (x) = 2x + ex ;

19.

1
;
1

20.

11. f (x) =

x2

1
1
12. f (x) = +
;
3
x
x2

13. f (x) = x x + 2x2 3 x;

3
5
+ 2;
x x

x3 x

;
f (x) =
3
x
1
;
f (x) =
2
16x 9
2x2 + 3
;
f (x) = 2
(x 1)(x2 + 4)
(x 1)3
f (x) =
;
x3

x2 3 + 1
;
f (x) =
x2 3
 x
x 2
f (x) = sin + cos
;
2
2
1 cos3 x
.
f (x) =
cos2 x

15. f (x) = x

21.
22.

II. Sa se determine constantele reale a, b, c astfel ncat functia F sa fie o primitiva a


functiei f :



1
1. f, F : , R, f (x) = 1 + 3x, F (x) = (ax + b) 1 + 3x;
3

2x2 + 1
, F (x) = (ax + b) x2 + 1;
2. f, F : R R, f (x) =
x2 + 1



3
R, f (x) = x 3 2x, F (x) = (ax2 + bx + c) 3 2x;
3. f, F : ,
2
III. Sa se arate ca urmatoarele functii admit primitive pe domeniul lor de definitie si
sa se determine primitivele lor:
(
4x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 1 , x 0
;
1. f : R R, f (x) =
ex
,x > 0

1
, x (1, 0)
2. f : (1, 1) R, f (x) =
;
1 x2
2
x + ex
, x [0, 1)

PRIMITIVE

(


sin x + cos x , x 0, 2
;
3. f : [0, ) R, f (x) =
1 + ctgx
, x 2 ,
IV. Fiind data functia f , sa se determine o primitiva F a lui f al carui grafic sa
contina punctul M :
1. f (x) = 3x2 4x + 5, M (1, 4);
!

1
1
2 21
1
2. f (x) = 2
+ , x > 1, M 2,
;
x
x1 2 x
2
3. f (x) = |x 2|, M (0, 2).
V. Sa se arate ca urmatoarele functii nu admit primitve pe R:
(
x + 1 ,x < 0
1. f (x) =
;
sin x , x > 0
2. f (x) = [x], unde[x] reprezinta partea ntreaga a numarului x;

2x cos 1 + sin 1 , x 6= 0
x
x
;
3. f (x) = 3

,x = 0
(2
|x| , x Q
4. f (x) =
.
x2 , x R \ Q

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