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SQL Commands 1.1. SQL (Structured Query Language)

SQL is a language used to request data from databases and receive results. It was standardized by ANSI and ISO in the 1980s. SQL statements are divided into DDL for defining database schema, DML for manipulating data, and DCL for controlling access. Common data types include numbers, characters, dates and more.

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49 views1 page

SQL Commands 1.1. SQL (Structured Query Language)

SQL is a language used to request data from databases and receive results. It was standardized by ANSI and ISO in the 1980s. SQL statements are divided into DDL for defining database schema, DML for manipulating data, and DCL for controlling access. Common data types include numbers, characters, dates and more.

Uploaded by

crazz1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

SQL Commands
1.1. SQL (Structured Query Language)
SQL is used to make a request to retrieve data from a Database.
The DBMS processes the SQL request, retrieves the requested data from the
Database, and returns it.
This process of requesting data from a Database and receiving back the results is
called a Database Query and hence the name Structured Query Language.
SQL is a language that all commercial RDBMS implementations understand.
SQL is a non-procedural language
1979 Oracle Corporation introduces the first commercial RDBMS
1982 ANSI (American National Standards Institute) forms SQL Standards
Committee
1983 IBM (International Business Machine) announces DB2 (a Database)
1986 ANSI (American National Standards Institute) SQL1 standard is approved
1987 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) SQL1 standard is
approved
1992 ANSI (American National Standards Institute) SQL2 standard is approved
2000 Microsoft Corporation introduces SQL Server 2000, aimed at enterprise
applications
2004 SQL: 2003 standard is published
1.2. Statements
1.2.1. DDL (Data Definition Language)
Create
Alter
Drop
Truncate
1.2.2. DML (Data Manipulation Language)
Insert
Update
Delete
Select
1.2.3. DCL (Data Control Language)
Grant
Revoke
Commit
Rollback
1.3. Data types
Number
Char
Varchar2
Long
date

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