Basic Frame Example
Basic Frame Example
Supplemental Handout
3D to 2D
In the special case of planar analysis, there are various simplifications that arise in regards to
the fundamental quantities used for frame modeling:
uj
j
s
Length = L
Area = A
Moment of Inertia = I
i
ui
Young's Modulus = E
Geometry
Kinematics
n n
Stiffness
u u = u i + vj
s s
t
k
I I ss
tt
nI I t s I s
tt
tt
t 1
I I
fu
mu
tt
tt
AE
L
nn+
6EI
2
4EI
L
2EI
L
Example:
q0
L
L
EI = const
u
1 1
2 u2
Member geometry:
fu
+k
a
mu
fu
+k
k
k
b
fu
b
mu
b
mu
k
k
Ta
mu
+k
Tb
mu
+k
Tb
k
k
mu
fu
mu
mu
b
c
fu
c
mu
Tb
Tc
k
k
u 2
mu
mu
b
c
k
+k
2
m
m
k
mu
+k
Tb
fu
12 EI
3
ss
Members a & c:
n = j
n = i
Member b:
s = j
s = i
Stiffness tensors
+k
fu
a
mu
AE
=
b
fu
+k
AE
j j +
12 EI
6EI
6EI
=
i+
2
2
L a
L
b
mu
6EI
j
2
L
b
fu
b
mu
12 EI
=
3
L
6EI
=
j 0
2
L b
k m + k m
bT
mu
c
fu
AE
j j
6EI
=
2
L
+k
b
mu
4EI
=
fu
mu
AE
12 EI
12 EI
6EI
2
L
12 EI
+
6EI
=
2
L
c
k m + k m
AE
4EI
+
L
b
AE
=
i i
12EI
+
6EI
AE
6EI
ii
12EI
+
AE
j j +
L
b
6EI
6EI
i
j
2
2
L
L
b
4EI
4EI
=
+
L
L c
12 EI
+
3
L
6EI
2
L
AE
i i
12EI
+
AE
12 EI
+
3
b
L
Stiffness
AE
12 EI
+
AE
L
0
4EI
+
AE
0
6EI
2
L
12EI
+
6EI
2
L
4EI
AE
12 EI
L
6EI
2
L
6EI
2
L
2EI
L
b
12 EI
AE
6EI
2
L
L c
12 EI
+
6EI
2
L
4 EI
4EI
+
Loads:
{fint }
q 0 [ N] dx
{f int }
{f
int
w 0 Lb
w 0 Lb
w L
12
0
w L
0
12
w0 Lb
12
=
0
w0 Lb
2
w L
0
b
12
{F } = {Fint } + {Fext }
w L
0
s) L
(q 0
12
s) L
q L
q 0 = w 0 j
(q 0
i
=
u j
q L
12
Displaced Shape:
Nodes:
P2 = P2 + ( scale factor )u 2
P
= P3 + ( scale factor )u 3
3
Members:
The following tensor-based combined axial/bending shape functions are useful for extracting
information of interest (this is a bit of a kludge, but it works):
[N( x) ] =
3x
l
2x
3
s s +
12 x
6
[N (x )] =
ss
3
2
l
l
l x
l
n n
6x
4
2
s
l
l
2x
12 x
l
x
l
6
s s
2
l
3x
l
2x
l
x
nn
s s +
6x
2
2
s
l
l
2
l
v ( x) =
0
q x
24 EI
(l
M( x) = EI s u
(x )
= EI
6
2
6x
2
l
12 x
l
6
2
6x
2
l
2 i
EIv
( x)
0
l s u j
V ( x ) = EI[ s u (
x )]
0
s ui
= EI
12
l
12
l
6
l
f =
AE
l
(u
s u
x)
+ EIv0(
j
) n
( x) = EI
12 x
l
2
6x
u +
2
2
2
l
l
la
a
a
6
12x
6x
12 x
6
4
6
b
v2 +
2 +
+
M ( x) = EI
2
3
3
2
2
l
l
l
l
l
l
b
b
b
b
6x
12 x
6
2
c
u +
M ( x ) = EI
+
3
3
2
3
2
lc
lc
lc
lc
Plotting M:
PM ( x ) = Pi + nx + ( moment scale ) M ( x)
Numbers:
E = 29,000 ksi
2
A = 10 in
I = 250 in
L = 15 ft
q 0 = 1.0 k/ft
P = 10 k
6x
2
v3 +
l
l
b
b
q0
3 +
12
( 6lb x lb
6x
1.00 k/ft
10.0 k
45 k'
20 k'
37 k'
49 k'
3.2 k
1.00 k/ft
11.8 k
10.0 k
3.7 k
3.7 k
-3.2 k
-11.8 k
6.3 k