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Tutorial 1

This document contains two questions regarding hydrology. Question 1 asks about the difference between precipitation and rainfall, and provides methods to calculate average areal rainfall using data from six rain gages located within and outside a catchment boundary. Question 2 discusses factors influencing evaporation from open water, provides data to calculate evaporation from a reservoir over a month, and asks about determining a pan coefficient from water levels in a class-A pan and applying theories of evaporation to water resources planning projects.

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52 views

Tutorial 1

This document contains two questions regarding hydrology. Question 1 asks about the difference between precipitation and rainfall, and provides methods to calculate average areal rainfall using data from six rain gages located within and outside a catchment boundary. Question 2 discusses factors influencing evaporation from open water, provides data to calculate evaporation from a reservoir over a month, and asks about determining a pan coefficient from water levels in a class-A pan and applying theories of evaporation to water resources planning projects.

Uploaded by

janakantha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hydraulics and Coastal Engineering Laboratory,

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

CE36322 Engineering Hydrology


Tutorial 1
Submission deadline: Monday, 17th November 2014

Q1.
a) Distinguish between the precipitation and rainfall.
b) A catchment shown in Fig. Q1 has six precipitation gages which recorded the
intensities of a storm event as illustrated in Column 2 of Table Q1. Two of the
gages are outside the catchment boundary. Determine the areal average rainfall
on the catchment by;
(i) The arithmetic mean method
(ii) The Thiessen polygon method

Figure Q1: Location map of rain gages and the catchment boundary

c)

Table Q1: Rain gages and their contributing areas


Rain gage
Observed rainfall
Area (Km2)
(mm)
1
45
63.0
2
39
30.5
3
32
62.5
4
34
42.0
5
27
5.5
6
48
21.5
Briefly discuss the accuracy and limitations of the above two methods in above
part (b) in determining the average areal precipitation. Isohyetal method
overcomes some of these limitations. Explain Isohyetal method and its salient
features in determination of areal average precipitation.

Hydraulics and Coastal Engineering Laboratory,


Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Q2.
a) Briefly discuss the factors that influence the evaporation from open water surface.
b) A reservoir had an average surface area of 20 km2 during a certain month (with
30 days). In that month, the mean rate of inflow was 10 m3/s, outflow was
15 m3/s, monthly rainfall was 10 cm and change in storage was estimated as
16 million cubic meters. Assuming the seepage losses to be 1.8 cm, estimate the
evaporation from the reservoir during the month.
c) A class-A pan set up adjacent to the reservoir during the first week of the same
month as given in part (b) above. The depth of water in the pan at the beginning
of the week was 195 mm. In that week, there was a rainfall of 45 mm and 15 mm
of water removed from the pan to keep the water level within the specified depth
range. If the depth of the water in the pan at the end of the week was 140 mm,
determine the pan-coefficient for the class-A pan.
d) Briefly discuss application of theory of evaporation. Comment on the statement
'Evaporation need serious attention in water resources planning projects than that
of flood control projects'.

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